Islamophobia
What is Islamophobia?If you see a word ending with ...phobia, it means fear or hatred of something. You have probably heard of arachnophobia (fear of spiders), claustrophobia (fear of confined spaces), and agoraphobia (fear of open spaces). Similarly, Islamophobia or Muslimophobiarefers to fear, prejudice, hatred or dislike directed against Islam or Muslims, or towards Islamic politics or culture.
Islamophobia is racism
Islamophobia is racism.Islamophobia implies intolerance and discrimination against Muslims and encourages behaviors, discourses and actions full of hatred, hostility, fear or rejection.
For many people the fear and hostility towards Muslims is reminiscent of racism against other groups such as Chinese, African Americans or Jews.
Islamophobia leads to many of the hallmarks of racism, such as stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination and persecution. Sheridan, Lorraine P. “Islamophobia pre–and post–September 11th, 2001.”Journal of Interpersonal Violence 21, no. 3 (2006): 317-336. Abstract: Although much academic research has addressed racism, religious discrimination has been largely ignored. The current study investigates levels of selfreported racial and religious discrimination in a sample of 222 British Muslims. Respondents indicate that following September 11th, 2001, levels of implicit or indirect discrimination rose by 82.6% and experiences of overt discrimination by 76.3%. Thus, the current work demonstrates that major world events may affect not only stereotypes of minority groups but also prejudice toward minorities. Results suggest that religious affiliation may be a more meaningful predictor of prejudice than race or ethnicity. General Health Questionnaire scores indicate that 35.6% of participants likely suffered mental health problems, with significant associations between problem-indicative scores and reports of experiencing a specific abusive incident of September 11th–related abuse by respondents. The dearth of empirical work pertaining to religious discrimination and its effects is a cause for concern. Saeed, Amir. “Media, racism and Islamophobia: The representation of Islam and Muslims in the media.” Sociology Compass 1, no. 2 (2007): 443-462. Abstract: This article examines the representation of Islam and Muslims in the British press. It suggests that British Muslims are portrayed as an ‘alien other’ within the media. It suggests that this misrepresenatation can be linked to the development of a ‘racism’, namely, Islamphobia that has its roots in cultural representations of the ‘other’. In order to develop this arguement, the article provies a summary/overview of how ethnic minorities have been represented in the British press and argues that the treatment of British Muslims and Islam follows these themes of ‘deviance’ and ‘un-Britishness’. 看了老钱同胞的文章，觉着不错，声文并茂
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