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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)& w) x, J8 E5 p, Z
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Proof: 5 B* k& @; F$ Y% G6 G
Let n >1 be an integer 5 r2 l4 K9 {' f$ w. H$ ?
Basis: (n=2)
. U6 q$ C7 n Q) x1 f 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 33 h9 t! I% O% V7 X' C6 z* N
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that# P# `3 H$ n8 r1 O' _
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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. _+ A p6 _' O, e, V0 T# }Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 36 |+ f9 v8 z0 u# R, o8 W+ u
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem+ x( Y; r0 H( e/ T7 C L5 V" x9 A
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
* @! K8 e m, N/ k0 F' e = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K6 b* G4 W' ?; Y* S
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)* r, k% i# k0 j: S. s
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 ~/ }3 F% E: F1 R, d1 @: O3 oby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
" y+ ~3 P! w! s9 eSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)6 p8 \! z# T7 I3 ~, i# E5 R
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)1 J# i2 \' L- R' T- r9 K' f$ o- U
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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9 E. \" b& y7 T2 R- h3 Q* x& D4 _Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.( J: v. o3 n, W
) A3 B5 r7 y* Q5 V0 p- r[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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