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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)" d3 V+ H- z Z# _$ K1 e
: C# L) U& z8 X. w* CProof: 5 C1 ]; q# v b
Let n >1 be an integer # g" r1 f$ J7 R
Basis: (n=2)
# ?* g* T& X6 x. t 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
& P) ? P& V; t; b$ g$ v8 F" ?4 L2 I+ v
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
# g! L- X3 c3 |4 @6 ^% H# b! Y K^3 – K can by divided by 3.1 A2 H9 D) T# l
" u( a# J5 o" U$ A8 v9 q' R' l9 ONow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 36 L' O, P+ U! U
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem( B4 p' k& P" D& g5 Y3 u
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
& S' R4 }: W2 t4 W = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
5 x3 y- a# h* \' x1 g3 G4 Q = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
# I, k( w' I! U& Q! s1 K = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)) X1 k3 e! ]' l$ j
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
- [6 }- m; F) q! O& @So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K): E1 j% T! ]' r6 x3 e5 X
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* D0 N8 s7 q. e
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
4 Y+ b: q4 T/ W8 c# I# S
2 u% E- i8 C% h |# V. J3 b7 ]Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.. j" f4 i. R- O$ N0 X) L! Q
5 {5 T8 R' p* k% }0 V% ~* f3 `[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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