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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)) x! U( \/ \# [0 ]% x
+ `2 B% H0 w. ?# ?( c6 ^. h( yProof: : Z6 \+ x* o: M5 V C0 a
Let n >1 be an integer
6 j( `/ @6 T# s+ XBasis: (n=2)
9 }/ b9 q9 Q( F. T, c 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
- \/ b& [4 I' S8 ~# X, {* b, L, C) B' J
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that8 X/ K' ^9 |/ f: q% j- g( ~
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.$ b4 ~ v4 F$ T! h
$ ?" ]/ J! l: T5 H+ zNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3; `8 v0 k5 z' c
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
/ e( X5 _3 C# c- A0 \Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
+ s; ` a# N8 t, O) | = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
8 j' R+ p: _* g2 @% [ = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
2 g- r2 }& m/ i o( a = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
" x q0 Z4 o8 Qby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>05 l; w) J! w) k! V* m' ~# S
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)4 v. z* d( ~7 ^. ~
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
. b! ^8 N. J3 X9 P = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
1 w! ?% _& q/ M3 y, e+ f& A* r2 |; i" H
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
( i5 I( T( `6 H! E2 d q g. l. \6 Y V X2 q. ~6 W/ S& o6 X
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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