 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
5 u7 N! b5 I+ U/ BInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
7 } k: |* Q" l4 }2 Isyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
7 I$ g: g+ v: band uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial9 X0 b3 \7 }) T& i5 G
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of) j/ V, K) B2 J/ M! Q+ L* F
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
2 W+ Z4 D: s; P$ B" S+ i FA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
4 O# i+ j9 H8 H. S[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]4 [ d; n& ^. ]6 R9 A
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 p T3 k: r/ y0 p* S% ^5 k8 ~, Oretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 U# E+ q. n2 ~* p2 F
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# C; K. X9 e% }3 Y0 j: r% }
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two0 Z, f- ^0 X) P7 d7 R/ k' o2 m" x
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
9 C+ m- H6 l J3 a5 f3 o2 Nsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
, u- _% _" F, p# o' eend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) ?6 U& Z: Z, m2 i, n O
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ m+ I) u2 }" x% l; a
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
& q x v' F+ O! W* \
7 s( u3 s1 i: S5 f. H+ q! V(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
5 q( t+ G+ r# k5 T* F9 fand American speakers of English, |
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