 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 K0 H3 B9 J9 e ?8 I ?" o( P
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the5 o) i7 Y; |& \ U
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
/ ^- f: W6 O( [1 O. Eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
' R4 @1 N' D& B- i0 l1 t(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of V, Z0 A( ?0 \' Z: h5 V- c) Z6 K
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., D: g) N6 x: a' H0 h3 ?
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
# i6 ?! X2 j1 u) Y1 S! X[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 u: Y: W+ K0 D" ^. O5 T, o) x( B
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving* I6 B2 f/ W$ {' |+ g2 a% l; Y
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' ]( z$ s7 r, h" V+ p# Qpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset/ W# m5 C( S, \$ z" v
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two( z# t0 H/ e, L( T( P: ^
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
) K6 _% U1 d3 y6 n& g0 c/ g$ j9 g# hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 u/ o N" h; n: p: D' dend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
& U$ I' a' @9 T2 V' d# @- ~# I% ecompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- f+ i0 P6 q2 A& }
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
3 s$ f3 Y2 N5 D
, A/ q% H% ^( x3 Y# k d1 B+ @(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
9 d5 l5 \5 w( U+ m2 k, u0 t2 g% B9 Land American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
