 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 n7 C' F- j8 F" W7 i x; e7 W5 u
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the( G5 h1 \! i/ p" P+ ^0 ?6 M. p
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
# Q, P7 x# }4 }- I% wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" L( J- c5 ^; l
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, Z; q; v N/ k& E5 M7 V" ^, D
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., Y' q/ Q9 v9 O; u" w
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
1 {5 y1 {( r% M: m: V r8 B[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]/ @0 a8 [% t1 A! d) s1 T+ h/ ]
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
f. `& r* U# I' `; oretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on0 u9 }) e; \# e4 q: K( o2 @
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset9 e+ w: E$ u( Z
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
; e* l$ i8 C0 [& @# a+ csegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
. Z8 Q; C* j9 f) S9 b% ]semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 L* X" D/ y. L) _4 Bend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In* T- M0 J0 ]: I/ X) G# E4 N8 m! I; V
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,4 i2 t. ?- @ q/ E, e
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
& j7 I( U4 ^6 J
6 c; H4 s% B" p8 o9 |3 H0 }" e(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
$ x) G/ {2 |$ U' r8 o" Sand American speakers of English, |
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