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一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……3 c; s, X% h0 X
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至于性毛病,更是老中难于启齿、欲语还羞的尴尬。见到洋医生,窘迫万分,不知如何开口才是,真有「犹抱琵琶半遮面」的感受。
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以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
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V. c5 i% Y- D厕所7 t# t4 N" ~3 X4 q) }) Q! X
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
, W9 [* V |( c解小便: w) [$ R, r5 w- a& |$ S
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:「Will (could) you urinate in this cup?」医生或许也会问:「Do you have trouble urinating?」=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) N& T$ {* O) t
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此外,还有其他的说法:to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
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* Q. \6 ? }4 U3 d0 N" b* I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
/ q' ~" ?5 ?1 z" X# r8 g% N' [0 ^* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)4 F- I1 x% O8 c5 i) ]1 n2 f5 c
5 Y; _6 D$ [5 { t. L* s此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
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* F" ]. `: z1 N* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.(在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。)8 {/ {2 C8 T4 G3 n$ _
* He went to the john a few minutes ago.(他在几分钟前上了厕所。)# ?/ @$ u: q. ^" E9 V* g. Y
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.(劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。)" g+ Q- j% v" M* r' E$ I, o+ w
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不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:% d1 r7 W! Y3 T6 _ ^
8 R6 N: r0 m" a! j* The boy needs to pee.0 k' o- ?" F! ]) `# r
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然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。 例如:
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7 q- S/ }$ z+ G$ E, U* Do I need a urine test?
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2 L2 n6 m% L# b9 }' k% k注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:
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$ F) A$ \3 u0 R+ B J. h9 M8 C! R' I* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.& I* B8 j4 Z% q" ]' _
* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)7 W) M9 V2 v2 B, l" J0 s) e+ f
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如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
. G$ o: u) i5 y" ?* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
/ l% [! `5 j3 k9 i. o/ @: D% b/ i* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)$ X" w' ]4 ~/ Y
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病): ^- g! D; M6 b+ p' r) l* J
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)! m* s0 e- Q, M4 m: t+ x' K6 l
解大便
6 c1 y7 j0 p1 ~( i9 y一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a ####。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是「大肠在转动」)
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此外,还有其他的说法: to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
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* The patient needs to take a ####. (=to make a bowel movement)
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1 a) Z% D! l @! R0 l1 q% [" w不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
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; l _% H# z' d/ v3 ]7 [* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)4 w9 G4 O' Z! t4 R# L6 B: R
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但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:$ S% G) L* U4 b) S3 ?' h1 L
1 U) ^8 }; ?3 O; L* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)' E. A5 B8 h* Z) l8 x' v
放屁
" C4 z0 a$ T8 d$ L0 x, c& [+ J7 l4 @在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 例如:
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* 医生有时问:「How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?」(你放屁的次数很多吗?)- L8 M& r- q U+ u; R1 p1 T
* Is the gas expelled by belching?(是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?)(动词是 belch)% M' ?! X& `) }/ k
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.(吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。)3 p8 S5 u- E6 N/ A. V6 @ q$ y3 c
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.(过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。)
9 r3 q- ^- V! u# i* Be careful not to fart in the public.(注意在公共场所不可放屁。)
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7 z' k ?* y* } w( K9 G* x$ C. J至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:3 V/ M1 i+ [' R) J% B4 j$ x
5 o9 s% E O. g* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
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2 h) z6 R# q( u: @(注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
% z, a% \) k/ |: c7 [/ o: V* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.(胃不舒服有两星期了。)
' A% p1 [" h* Y( g5 u8 d% f+ f, K* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)(他经常便秘。) 或
* _7 d3 J3 W" L( f. Y% x3 X* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
H; o4 u. M4 F3 _* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
+ d+ ~& k& G" D$ g* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
5 W$ s% a. k# t- H; B8 V* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.(他拉了一阵肚子。)5 R9 b* T- H- V6 M0 C" w
* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)(大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。)0 j! A" d9 `8 ] Z6 H6 Z4 u
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化妆品 cosmetics p4 q/ v" A7 W+ ~7 L9 {$ J
化妆箱:cosmetics case
' h- e: z! B D# \& `唇膏:lipstick7 q/ I4 e0 P# K0 r p5 V! C; R- D
粉底霜:foundation; vanishing cream3 Q# v( N) j9 _; n# m7 J
油底霜:cold cream
- {3 R u( A( h& g' X* u; }! L- ?粉扑:powder puff: N* [5 q# ?; L; K" S
眉笔:an eyebrow pencil
0 w0 \/ N- \5 J) R' Y香水:perfume
, q- L+ @. X0 H- y; y$ j眼影:eye shadow0 q5 J$ A8 V u9 {4 R
乳液:skin milk! u/ Y& a0 V0 B; P
眼线笔:an eyeliner / an eye pencil! J( R0 W+ G6 S3 u
眼线膏:eye liner0 j0 b; O2 ^9 U0 D
眼影:eye shadow
# Z8 f7 ~* W2 ~* W6 I% a' z胭脂:rouge / fard / blusher7 J/ i8 a$ s& ]2 l. ?
洗面奶:cleansing milk7 {, q4 o/ K7 K, Z
去黑头洗面奶:biological cleanser$ s! c( {) s( }/ J
清洁面霜:clarifying cream, U3 d/ G$ W. q4 k1 F* L5 }
眼部御妆水:eye make up removing
! Q& w, I3 h* L8 J+ x+ |1 l按摩霜:massage cream4 K6 L, c- g1 k2 N9 N1 e" @* o6 K
按摩油:massage oil
7 \) c' w6 b$ U5 v0 X H6 q面膜:mask
2 p- i) P( e0 z: U1 [! P3 j冷膜:freezing mask
`9 @- `& t( r6 Y/ o# q. Z热膜:hotting mask
9 r/ E% \. Z! }0 p6 m0 a海藻面膜:seaweed mask
( e# P" B. s0 T1 G& x/ H颈霜:restructuring compound for the neck
$ l7 k6 b" h8 B7 Q4 u' m9 c特效营养霜:rich nourishing cream) u7 {6 L' l5 m: H8 @9 b
眼袋霜:eyelid cream8 t8 w1 g- e' Q7 Q; x# K# r3 D
眼部嗜喱:eye gel
: m6 n6 [7 d- R$ m9 H1 p7 h8 K5 h日霜:day cream
, T1 y8 t4 K$ w% m/ h) w0 X6 Y晚霜:night cream* A# z3 z0 o( t
眼霜:eye cream. Q: z! d1 e3 z* y3 k8 U2 r
精华素:Ampoule2 z) Y4 ~1 S+ A, b! T
中性:normal
7 i" v$ w8 g: E2 F5 q油性:oily
' M5 S; i- X6 I1 z8 G/ M; u干性:dry# ]% Y4 H/ l1 d! ?
敏感性:sensitive
. D8 {6 R `/ ?紧肤:refirming7 \; _3 ?% G2 s% x
补水:moisturizing- i- l0 G. i' R7 @& S# Y9 D
补氧:oxygenating
# V0 H4 X2 U4 @6 E; H补充骨胶原:collagen hyalronic
" R8 K* {) _4 h, x+ B4 j倒膜:pour mask
; n# A3 \5 `+ B植物:plant
9 K: X2 [$ d2 @5 j7 A色素:pigment) i7 h& L2 s" @0 |! u3 R7 A
酸性:acidity: u- B+ x( o# h4 l* C
碱性:alkaline
; Q# F+ E. Q# O1 [6 T% ]! n( \矿物质:mineral substance$ b$ |, ^0 L. X
蛋白质:protein
' M2 [2 F; g: c活性细胞素:energetic cell
5 P1 g, r! a% S* h+ H# {1 {5 T' R维生素:vitamin4 l/ J: [8 J: W9 T
化妆品:cosmetic
0 v5 x7 O" m; r. s$ R氧化剂:oxidant; D X" \) H$ l4 \
胭脂:rouge
8 U9 P' n% H3 n5 R口红:lip stick
3 `1 x: L1 t; p0 c# N粉饼:powder
5 h) ^! A/ W6 q0 i睫毛膏:mascara& n& X. [8 J" e7 j8 O6 r, M# C
粉底霜:foundation
( B( m+ p8 z9 E; y5 Z眼线笔:eye liner pencil
T" w0 \$ b( i' V- F眉笔:eyebrow pencil! j) `6 @- E+ `8 [
唇线笔:lip pencil, _5 \6 i+ W: i7 @3 z5 ]. _
唇膏:lip stick
8 R$ R+ z8 u5 E+ o: Q* M- k0 L润唇膏:lip protector
9 Q0 z- f/ I: p0 E1 _- U颜色:colour$ R1 z# ~+ @6 l- a
红色:red
" @/ H. O: q+ R9 e; D g桔红色(橙色):orange
% H2 \& d; R9 W* L9 {8 T* r玫瑰红:rose
' T$ r6 x$ A$ O# ]. i棕色(咖啡色):brown
$ c' f9 d! \ z8 ?( z+ X& J& c$ k黄色:yellow5 c' H& {) A* q; x
蓝色:blue
$ [, {" a! I" N) D9 i9 h& A. c! K肉色:yellowish pink
* v1 l& k5 Q! g7 |7 X黑色:black
1 o2 [4 o/ [+ D# o8 S9 [! q7 Y7 [白色:white
4 Q2 q& X u& T紫色:purple0 K! U& y* J9 b# R3 }6 ~7 x0 z
绿色:green* w2 ]* y2 `+ p1 R
灰色:gray% T5 O" L# m3 W/ P
粉红色:pink
9 b9 U+ f6 F z6 H; m& J: Y l) l洗甲水:cleaner) c2 U0 \* `3 ~1 W) h
指甲油:nail polish
4 r" p# K7 D% s. G5 A5 Y. b擦光剂:polish
5 p8 ] Z6 p) V5 L. t% V8 `酒精:alcohol1 p, `6 z9 ^ L, y3 v9 w
液体:liquid
, A: O* z& P& }- w- e文眉:tattoo eyeline B9 r: u3 ?4 t5 V5 K3 u
文睫毛线:upper eyeline3 f# s8 c9 ~( x9 A
文唇线:xlip8 `. j; n6 `8 }& V1 T
深层皮肤护理:deep lifting
7 B8 f0 `0 L# [胸部护理:bust treatment
0 p8 G v, D% F. ]+ C6 o3 P: I电眼睫毛:electronic eyelash5 {# D4 C$ n: I
修指甲:manicure
) ]5 b b2 I0 m: w) L* ~) ]剪指甲:trimx
; \$ p/ c" e% P! J5 L$ z手部护理: hand care
9 I" W0 d) f+ }. M# T& s减肥护理:diet care
- `9 C. D6 `6 x U8 D腹部减肥:reduce abdomen
1 ~9 I; x9 m, B# K8 c# M6 Q0 C打耳孔:pierce ears
/ N! m( Z9 J+ B& \- j8 Z+ C* p {腿部脱毛:remove leg hours
1 _+ p$ w$ ^1 u: u. B新娘妆:bridal make up
3 i6 s( c5 n9 x) f& S晚妆:evening make up
2 s; `$ c/ q+ W* ^+ X* ?) d7 k" u日妆:day make up; V; @! }% ?0 V& C" I
皮肤护理:skin care
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化妆品知名品牌中、英对照:' {+ T3 \4 X; ^2 D+ [
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美国品牌:, e9 y- D( H. F4 B5 O2 P' {
雅芳 Avon
4 H# k7 n Y1 h& z6 ]0 u4 l潘婷 Penten
3 @) |% G( I! v& A- l倩碧 Clinique X( l3 w9 h2 F/ W
强生 Johnson & Johnson( ^# [0 f) n: C! k. H; v4 ?
玫琳凯:Mary Key
; P& s( \( e& s f6 E玉兰油 Oil & Ulan1 e1 V2 O& s a: T, m
海飞丝 Head & Shoulders
" s" g4 D) ^8 t1 B, Y- k7 L高露洁 Colgare2 H9 J' W) W) `
佳洁士 Cret# z8 J( \. {/ b1 n9 I0 n
尤特白 Ultra Brite& R' h) H* y0 F8 H4 M7 _; S
露华侬 RevLon
& O" I$ l4 E+ L7 f5 U* N- A美宝莲 Maybelline
' l1 v: i4 n- t. f4 P雅诗兰黛 Este’e Lander6 N! \0 _+ v) d% U3 z6 v V
伊丽莎白·雅顿 Eilzabeth Arden
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( X' _7 Q) H; ~# W# E0 i8 h法国品牌:
0 I8 I4 x2 ^' `3 T欧莱雅 L’oreal
3 m6 f' ~* ^! D( V) g- X" i兰 蔻 Lancome
1 _) r, f2 W- d夏奈尔 Chanel
% N- d' u" q! k1 r歌雯琪 Givenchy
2 ]5 Q( q5 k- N5 b, q圣罗兰 YSL E+ U& _# C5 @0 Q) {3 q% \1 e3 Q: E
克里斯汀·迪奥 Christian Dior
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2 l6 D3 s0 o7 {& x3 O英国品牌:$ H/ I$ k) I$ x! `
旁氏 Ponds
8 o7 H7 z9 g& P& A) |. a' Y6 _0 R: V* j& I凡士林 Vasekine
9 L3 T, x, s) H7 ~克莱伦丝 Chrins9 R2 q3 q) s$ [# m- a* w' `
* ?: C G' h6 k" A# a" B7 E
德国品牌:
* r) {3 u/ t( X3 z花 牌 Fa% ^) `! _5 t' R5 F& v% V$ E9 }
威 娜 Wella- b0 X% V+ i) m
妮维雅 Nivea, _/ T+ X' t( S# S/ X! ?1 P& U, b
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日本品牌:
* q0 o1 M* b! e# [7 t& P, L. y花王 Kao: _2 i- j% `0 R' |+ d
资生堂 Shiaeibo
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英语学习 招聘广告缩略语中英文对照
# n" i* t1 V. @8 `来源:互联网0 m) Z6 z) A, I- E1 f1 D. m
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admim administrative 行政的* x$ h5 w/ n8 y, E
Jr junior 初级2 N$ U" F6 }! c9 X; t# Z
ad/adv advertising 广告
$ L7 b6 L) V" X" T% R1 nK 1000元6 n, R5 J+ }& b, L
agcy agency 经销商$ }" l* G$ B3 t; m( ]& f' B! Z
knowl knowledge 知识3 v' I9 n, a7 F5 l9 U, A! D
appt appointment 约会、预约
3 j1 Q5 w" N! iloc location 位置、场所 `- [" I5 F& E4 O
asst assistant 助理3 w9 N+ w- R/ {; e' Z5 A' S" `3 J
Lv/lvl level 级/层 a7 O# a f5 J; d2 A
attn attention 给, 与…联系
' A0 m4 ^! L' {1 p4 xmach machine 机器) B& U9 z( ~0 d- [' `
bkgd background 背景& I6 w U5 E/ k$ G, |) ~
manuf/mf manufacturing 制造" P2 T- s( `$ D4 k. X3 s; a
bldg building 建筑物、大楼
" X# |# B9 Z, F! gmech mechanic 机械的
, k( G6 G% T1 I0 s' @" ibus business 商业、生意
5 m9 z' [. t e2 m2 Y' \9 o1 bmgr manager 经理( ]# m% x* b& u3 `/ y
clk clerk (办公室)职员
4 I+ z3 H0 j5 k" k$ H1 jm-f monday-friday 从周一到周五' b& ]! i4 \7 u
co company 公司7 _; E/ W/ x/ V! E3 Q% R
mo month 月
$ s& Y' s' {5 {( lcoll college 大专(学历)& a5 E. |9 _8 B4 A9 L& M/ Q0 O
nec necessary 必要的
% S& ~; O1 D: Lcomm commission 佣金6 @' b A h2 q9 d0 \
oppty opportunity 机会
( I3 V4 C- K/ e& h" |corp cororation (有限)公司
' u ^9 r$ w. W; M3 N) [1 E! L9 s) Got overtime 超时9 W9 b- v9 V8 }' I! Z3 j5 n! P4 {/ K
data pro data processing 数据处理
& _# e' Y8 k7 X) fperm permanent 永久性的
5 [0 I" a) H0 I, N# d# @# H- \dept department 部; ?' K3 P0 m, R2 |3 B6 d
pls please 请1 G1 w5 E) w+ H: d$ `" S( K! i
dir director 董事& D3 t, @0 e1 o
pos position 职位- Z+ y& g/ P- [$ w. l$ T6 k3 x
div division 分工、部门, S/ `$ ]# D- v! Q
pref preference (有经验者)优先
5 S& V8 z5 L" P( t O5 Keqpt equipment 装备, u6 b4 ]; s6 [. A s; V' m+ J$ U
prev previous 有先前(经验)
4 A5 m+ E: ?( P# l) v% \# wetc and so on 等等
0 Z0 N6 H1 o4 ^* |9 K; m: J4 _P/T part time 非全日制. [# n8 o8 }2 P- `
eves evenings 晚上
# R/ @# e" K9 I9 n* U+ urefs references 推荐信' s- P/ Q+ I: |
exc excellent 很好的
5 W& g1 C: O4 E9 {$ e- d' Irel reliable 可靠的
# J2 |8 d" j" j: Bexp experience 经验
5 R$ j: `: H* k3 Rreps Representative (销售)代表% O9 `+ Q7 b, U" U- @3 y9 h
exp’d experienced 有经验的: b& d5 q; j: D) C$ D B4 c/ f
req required 需要
* I- ~$ W2 k& H4 s( Z. }1 @* ^ext extension 延伸、扩展
* y/ _0 J: h' |4 X1 R( b8 esal salary 工资! m! P1 u8 r6 ]! ]
fr. ben fringe benefits 额外福利: z9 V) h1 P) v
secty secretary 秘书
% j8 F- `0 d3 O4 V o4 K- s# @F/T full time 全日制8 Q! B# C* s0 g( b9 o% C" U
sh shorthand 人手不足
8 F$ ~( Y: m9 b6 n$ t: p$ m! H- }/ ggd good 好' J" M% M+ F" X1 E1 O5 f3 u
sr senior 资深2 I8 a6 T# A: N. m( [. E1 t. N
grad graduate 毕业
9 {* U/ C* x- N K+ ]stdnt student 学生6 x' m7 Z( P2 G4 a8 r
hosp hospital 医院
! r8 f( N/ {7 x" T/ l& Wstmts statements 报告
& x# P! o. e4 r( { [8 g. Zhqtrs headquarters 总部( G) i) R% ~5 y& A4 d5 J
tech technical 技术上2 v) z- Y& X# v. A5 V/ h5 K3 r# M
hr hour 小时, j" R7 |* M0 v/ k: U- j
tel/ph telphone 电话5 ~& v1 @4 \0 _8 a4 K
hrly hourly 每小时! b5 F& C6 T' g/ |* Q2 I# Q
temp temporarily 临时性(工作)- m* p( m( U( t' Z+ |
HS high school 高中(学历)7 J4 U, `3 c% ?$ F* G* U5 b/ C, x
trans transportation 交通, k4 |6 E9 O! l, G. ]: w
immed immediate 立即6 t9 h5 k; F1 ?8 U! |* Y! p
trnee trainee 实习生
, t; p; f# v* oincl including 包括
) _3 s5 e. I) y6 E# v7 _4 I" styp typing/typist 打字/打字员; |5 ?. E1 V8 o! \" T
ind industrial 工业的
" k- F( x r+ u! k1 L+ W2 g) pwk week/work 周/工作
; U K! y( \: A$ xinexp inexperienced 无经验的
+ r# f, }' e3 Y& g" O2 W5 o/ n/ q; S. dWpm words per minute 打字/每分钟5 n) n+ x1 Z q1 B2 V) w
int’l international 国际性的
' v( q: \- @, M$ Pyr(s) Year(s) 年
# A# f0 _ v, y& f3 T
" _) Z' H( q; X! y8 a中英对照看病就诊名词, C; R( X; b, C$ A" s
p% D3 N& j A, Y v# p2 b8 c医学名词 Medical Terminology
) d- X: f! n, s, v---------------------------------
' M0 B7 o0 m6 c5 _ @- b; n4 p过敏 Allergy; [! h& n3 c0 h5 W
健康诊断 Gernral Check-up
9 _+ o/ ^5 q3 n1 ~7 J$ JPhysical Examination% t+ P9 E7 \8 {+ x9 I# m
检查 Examination- H& I& p F7 v5 j2 _ y. {- ~
入院 Admission to Hospotial
2 C x% I2 _# S* F退院 Discharge from Hospital
% E" Y7 j4 H, i& S; @- D$ E症状 Symptom2 L% f7 M F: T) v& W
营养 Nutrition
+ j7 Z& ~8 c1 U* j/ `1 B; J1 H. k Z病例 Clinical History
1 a3 H' e0 r. H. f0 B z诊断 Diagnosis% ^6 y7 N' W6 d4 u- @& ]" T
治疗 Treatment
& \! v* `* `$ b8 o' v( a预防 Prevention+ Z% Q) H6 }2 g5 ~) ^, s2 x
呼吸 Respiration
5 W0 A% \2 N) ^1 ]1 s7 p. o& Y4 N便通 Bowel Movement, ^) C/ \# I/ g/ R
便 Stool& `2 g1 f8 t( t+ s- G% u
血液 Blood8 P- `+ A% V: b* s A
脉搏 Pulse, Pulsation
1 x% q, L7 ^' j" v尿 Urine+ u4 W; u* D' |4 h* x1 |1 {
脉搏数 Pulse Rate
5 w( O+ U# Y5 W; K血型 Blood Type# y, D+ R g7 f; V4 i
血压 Blood Pressure
# @( }% {1 Y2 h+ w1 j麻醉 Anesthesia
, c- ^ u( [% {5 D6 T全身麻醉 General Anesthesia
. L! y# b( W8 Y静脉麻醉 Intravenous Anesthesia
7 _' x* o8 y/ P脊椎麻醉 Spinal Anesthesia2 B% J7 @ O4 D. `/ ?8 e% `
局部麻醉 Local Anesthesia
0 l: S- n0 r. G8 G# H6 N手术 Operation: d9 Z8 z' j( L3 ?
切除 Resectionlie0 a) R" x8 s& ^4 k. H a
副作用 Side Effect* ^. }7 U# Z% R' {1 W& w
洗净 Irrigation
; c4 K) a! u# W/ {1 _注射 Injection3 J _ R- @: @" j5 m
X光 X-Ray4 X! _ I" \* u( m6 P
红外线 Ultra Red-Ray+ p! @( V) s3 x5 R7 ~4 |$ M- b
慢性的 Chronic
/ Q1 H i/ h! o急性的 Acute
& r4 Q& C9 n7 L8 [+ }体格 Build
' {! W& f% t: F7 N/ D% |( Q. d亲戚 Relative
9 E \4 F" U" P, F遗传 Heredity) x8 {2 X7 t- j' c7 u8 ~/ y% z4 {
免疫 Immunity" F u, ~6 w# y! R0 E6 V- C
血清 Serum0 {9 N, t1 i' O' R9 B _9 q1 y
流行性的 Epidemic* q% }1 C; f# P$ J$ [
潜伏期 Incubation Period5 i2 F! e4 ?2 B+ T
滤过性病毒 Virus. _0 e# K& j9 W1 i( y
消毒 Sterilization' F2 Q }4 e# G, v! e
抗生素 Antibiotic
6 G" c+ V8 c5 A L& T脑波 E.E.G
6 I9 A. d. ~ j8 A1 Q- @洗肠 Enema! B- n2 r. [1 W
结核反映 Tuberculin Reaction; ^! X+ N; b) I, y5 c
华氏 Fahrenheit: }. T9 g4 {9 E% I5 R9 V+ O/ R
摄氏 Celsius, Centigrade
! b, P- c5 R" F3 b0 e* p+ F7 i0 H# @; X O9 W; M5 X
药品 Medicine
" h5 j3 L9 m' p# G% U6 P=================
4 h2 m8 J* u/ o* W冰袋 Ice Bag/ ~8 J, H9 z) ]
药品 Medicine (Drug): j% x2 d+ I" q$ I5 D# y
绷带 Bandage ~4 m, H: e, H ^, s# M' {
胶带 Adhesive Tape; L' Q; h7 `! w+ j
剪刀 Scissors
3 l6 `) X7 S2 s' k: T7 {' {0 {体温计 Thermometer
/ n7 I7 h. k7 b. r; D: p药丸 Tablet, Pill
- w9 C7 A0 t5 _' w& q2 H舌下锭 Sublingual Tablet' {& t T: d( i1 a
胶囊 Capsules. ?7 x7 R2 e) {, M8 f t
软膏 Ointment2 Z6 |0 K) }& W4 S4 `( L( b
眼药 Eye Medicine
, I9 p! U* E; a& }止咳药 Cough Medicine
7 f, U9 o- Q0 E阿司匹林 Aspirin- k( V) k" F; p3 `0 v
止疼药 Pain Killer8 g8 x; P# ?6 ^5 [. Z- x: \
药方 Prescription& H$ `6 I+ }- X7 h5 Q
+ J5 F, ]! R1 f
症状及名称
" _2 l- B8 N4 Z+ y一般症状: n5 I. ^# o7 A
============================1 ~" V Q! ^: Z6 O* b
发烧 Fever2 @4 z( @$ e) }1 ~9 m6 z
高烧 High Fever: p% h1 i/ A3 ~3 x
发冷 Chillsz
* g" @( \5 A2 E$ U# R) \发汗 Sweats: _' m+ T/ |$ |8 L8 t& w! b( L" s& U( E/ c
盗汗 Night Sweats+ p0 c( b m% J! r L" f) P
倦怠 Tireness
5 w$ J+ q9 Z3 ~) i$ ]6 [失眠 Insomnia7 Y3 O/ p4 }: c6 W* U" Z+ P( \
肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder
) N% g( K5 \ s4 F; R1 N/ Z" m打喷嚏 Sneeze
! p$ c, _: B4 s2 V打嗝 Hiccup2 Q/ X/ E, M7 {8 w1 p
痒 Itch
2 O7 D/ L% M! i# g腰疼 Low Back Pain
" Z' _& u: I6 `; g9 w- u头疼 Headache0 X: \- }& p# u0 j# d, [8 U, B
痛 Pain (Ache)* f# d8 h" @" |" e
急性疼痛 Acute Pain
# H: J$ Y$ i( \1 K激痛 Severe Pain
1 v6 u9 J0 n& p+ M: q钝痛 dull Pain% c8 b \6 i" v" I1 w) k
压痛 Pressing Pain
% r/ E2 V3 L7 B* l' Q刺痛 Sharp Pain
X5 K2 y8 ]! q- b: }2 S7 w戳痛 Piercing Pain
" |7 t* u/ _' y1 }5 v1 @一跳一跳地痛 Throbbing Pain! n) v/ ]* ]! ^; K# C
针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain0 H9 m3 h' x& i' Y+ m
烧痛 Burning Pain
) s5 o( d3 _1 \0 v/ L裂痛 Tearing Pain
( |9 y9 ?! Q: n' v8 }' y5 { Y持续痛 Continuous Pain, D+ H0 y; m8 S1 q
不舒服 Uncomfortable) }& O8 c% B4 B1 ^, K3 O: H5 j
绞痛 Colic
( B0 V" \* s. v3 \9 d放射痛 Rediating Pain: C! f3 Z, {7 z0 I) `
溃烂痛 Sore Pain
/ a- h" J7 E# l% s" t7 P8 A' O痉挛痛 Crampy Pain' B/ Z2 w! e! x4 t: E
顽痛 Persistent Pain7 P3 |+ v+ m# D1 T1 ]
轻痛 Slight Pain
/ ^7 @# Q! t: h1 Y血尿 Bloody Urine
4 L3 ~& K# p; K* ^浓尿 Pyuria
/ ]$ V8 d. ^* U# z3 F: \/ P7 R粘液便 Mucous Stool! H! ?! B" T+ ?4 H b+ e% j7 x
粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool
) Q; r/ ]2 ~" s ^. Q# o验血 Blood Analysis
( ~3 {. N! _; y; X5 }6 J红血球 Red Cell
# A0 l( e* p" J; j: b白血球 White Cell
8 q' \$ f+ W" @* p# ^. F, @呼吸数 Respiration Rate
5 U: Y+ T/ ^: i呼气 Expiration
3 \& V+ U- A; \2 Q6 y6 }( \- S+ ^# W吸气 Inspiration
( p. j4 E& D* I& f! T呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing/ w3 O. |8 {: `: ?* Y+ w
不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse
& H: l: K! m+ J; k2 v慢脉 Bradycardia
5 b$ U$ \- C( t" A$ ]快脉 Rapid Pulse
, i9 J/ j+ r; o6 |) B! }尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine
2 |. N- m' I( h% B, W1 L; h" D蛋白质 Albuminuria
1 v9 b# w; N V" `糖尿 Glucosuria' t" o+ y: K* a# n* [
瘦 thin, Skinny) M+ R$ I+ ]& t, L! m& }
肥 Fat |
|