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英文写作必背句型

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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
5 s4 {0 Y1 f& L" {- L3 F, S~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
0 e- H* j* C2 ^3 ?# Z5 N例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.5 f0 c( J" \; P* ^9 e+ p2 e
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。0 J& e7 e% s9 f9 k3 R' Q2 Y
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
6 m- v, O. @9 n* i9 x0 C$ L张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。4 }5 @/ B/ o0 [6 M
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
9 f8 m0 J3 r2 x. r3 M( \Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V" j0 _; J; A% v7 X# J% F
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.
; j0 K0 H3 [5 ?0 D没有比接受教育更重要的事。
* k8 l4 l: g2 _7 ~* C, W三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.
# _; t3 m. v1 J7 h' A(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)
( J0 T4 i0 A0 f* \; [/ Z例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.1 n5 R4 F, m5 b7 [* e. b& V! j  i
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。- t8 a% C! a  D' g  P
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)
4 M3 l1 Q+ [2 s' U% ]6 k- y例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.% B5 T4 V( P9 l; X- r$ e
不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。, U  F! D; M! L
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)3 P  ~! q4 O. y1 q0 T
例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
! f* q* B* k: j+ ?5 E  c全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。, c$ T; u! }+ N; I  j; c( I
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)
! h9 N. R2 u. }) D例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.! y# ?1 {7 r0 ^$ a& @" g
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
. b3 B8 @1 g- q6 P" P& H, a4 b七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子(...的优点是...)) c5 c, |- r/ e3 l: k
例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.
3 f  Q* P: a( R% E- J使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。  w  P7 ^( K; [' F4 v. i- Y
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子(...的原因是...)' @0 {& S$ S  p' X' h
例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
5 y/ `9 a& C9 m' A1 rThe reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.) r9 P7 `' T: j! _$ y
* F( c3 \2 {) h! r
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
/ J4 V* ]0 w0 U九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此...以致于...)' G0 |" m" V- }( B3 L! R/ b
例句:So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.1 d. N' ~* R( U* L" v' }
时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。2 }5 ~+ F0 W0 o9 N/ F
十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)
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例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.) z6 q$ g8 f5 P
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}7 @4 I6 Y2 h6 t! b
虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。; S2 C( ~: h5 l8 m% _6 E: \- }! X
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~3 f  n! h; M$ W) n
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈..,愈...)1 r1 r! W2 Z+ W; p0 q
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make." w. v  Q$ y+ B, A
你愈努力,你愈进步。
9 T5 h. @0 L! XThe more books we read, the more learned we become.+ Q7 u+ F8 }7 t7 c
我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。
6 g  A% A3 ]: ^9 d) K& ~0 I/ r十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...,..能够...)
( ]. ?; |+ o% p. R* [& L4 d例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
/ R. x1 R4 J, }& @& B8 h+ l9 m9 A借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。
! X* U% a4 l+ Z! m3 k" h: x十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..)
" G/ Q, K7 B7 y例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
" t. m+ ]9 i) j  z2 t: h, ^8 k听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。: A0 i9 t3 F# {# K7 K
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)* p! M9 s1 J- R  |8 H" \
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.4 m  a; C9 l3 r, T. v
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。0 O) q( c6 L% W& B, T; j+ t
十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了), q% \* E+ ]3 l
例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
7 y, F1 u8 ]; w9 v! P该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
/ t9 S; R, {& t& X$ L7 `十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)* }1 D' W- S4 P
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
3 K  L& U- l/ J: D  S1 n违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
4 M& w  H/ n7 T' j0 c& C十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)4 c( L' u( S$ c- M
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college./ u$ H+ t7 @8 O9 L0 z- B
没有人不渴望上大学。
) s4 N# |& ^9 u& G# |' E十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)
  \  x' I, K+ }  g4 P例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。
/ p! s! Q7 V2 z9 D0 V十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)
/ U: Z- z- \+ f5 jIt is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)
1 I8 @7 @4 ?. y1 v! fIt is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)
( i$ K# X7 G" C  K例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
( e7 Z1 M& B2 m: i5 t可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
' K. @# A1 j; I$ C% K二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)
- B8 Z( ^$ O; J$ Z4 j! h. p例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.$ b- {6 B8 C1 s- o) Y
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。  V4 }# V' p) ?9 o1 @9 ~/ ~  q2 h
二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式...(过去..年来,..一直..)
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例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
% v& m6 b3 i! A4 a过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。" x2 g8 G8 v- R; Z
二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。
6 j$ Z( D3 N( {4 p- p: j例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
& K! L4 s5 T0 w7 h  s自从他上高中,他一直很用功。* X% [/ C: C( @
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)- ^# n+ a) @8 z& E, O
例句:It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。5 L' h9 U* ]; o; v
二十四、be based on (以...为基础)
: Z# M, b. z$ T3 Y2 S+ Y% m例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
/ G+ ~3 k3 \% y! G& o  {社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
1 ]3 e* e. B( a+ ?$ h( ?$ y' ?( y二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)
+ v1 H# C: M. X' fWe should spare no effort to beautify our environment.2 ^3 s0 `( n# v
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。4 Q  R3 G5 N: g1 @
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让..明白..事), g4 B- d6 `7 j
例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
; t2 z; H/ q  J+ _/ Z. Q3 |0 _% @我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。5 G- F7 M/ Z5 u5 V: y4 g: ]
二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与..息息相关)
5 m$ t  V* W4 D- g* A+ @* z例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.
% p* b" q, v& V: T) J, p做运动与健康息息相关。
) @8 _" Z' U0 q. ~+ L二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving5 Y+ `) A+ Q9 |/ Y0 J0 y7 g5 P5 Q" L
= make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯)
# R( ]6 V, b4 E$ hWe should get into the habit of keeping good hours.* Y- ]1 J1 S6 }5 X$ i0 ^8 Z
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。5 w! Y9 W* k7 z: W2 e
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)
3 W1 d) N) n( v7 p3 E例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.8 h2 c8 j; @% Q5 I9 L/ o2 k' F& i
因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。
- \+ u: J. ~. N" z6 r( {
0 E1 K+ [' r: m+ m" _
$ l+ P2 i4 M) y  Q& I( i3 p
  l$ s* o8 q0 _# f三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)8 u$ |! r5 u, D6 E2 v9 ^7 y8 e
例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
5 `$ x" b8 E1 X$ eHow important a thing it is to keep our promise!2 g* g* I- i! ~: J8 E( F
遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
' t! V9 g. D" A三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)) b  U5 f) K* h' J3 R0 O( X0 B
例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.3 [( J# t. j# I5 o4 s7 O9 R' U
我们的交通状况令人不满意。6 ~& g& {8 j4 }) n1 W
三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对..有很大的影响)
1 y2 M, }6 k3 K$ U# @8 w例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.
6 g% Y( a& j- K4 c抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
7 N4 K9 [# |  F1 E. U2 E三十三、do good to (对..有益),do harm to (对..有害)
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老杨团队 追求完美
例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益
, k* r) s5 [/ N9 ~8 wOverwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
- @, P- S+ ~! h* ^三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁)5 e. H* P2 ^; K/ D' Z0 U- F- |
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.7 w2 r- ?4 O& i  e- \- r
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
0 ]) |3 L% U. ?3 E% }- V- |三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best (尽全力去...)% g, h7 i/ C3 x  D' K  `3 X4 M
例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.5 [$ w1 |& u6 i5 t# {' j: N
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。2 ^* s! b0 T1 \- f- Q1 D% W

- B% B" T% P( u% T$ b4 ]5 z9 L- d7 F5 a$ y6 N! D
英文写作必背造词
7 g' X  K/ f* \$ a+ J欣赏大自然的风景 to appreciate the scenery of nature
+ c& G( l  [* ~% a7 n培养公德心 to cultivate the public mindedness; R' n7 M& Q' K* ]
维护健康 to maintain health  R6 \9 D9 C& S* o1 k' T# R
保护环境 to protect the environment& f8 X" X) y& f
开拓视野 to broaden the horizon
4 B( i7 j# e6 y4 u( ~3 n开拓心胸 to broaden the mind* F. h- l+ m4 V  S
调剂生活 to make life pleasant3 W2 M& c8 \5 ^" s8 y; E: `! b  L
松散身心 to relax oneself
9 }4 i) }8 G/ J4 M; A启迪心灵 to enlighten the mind9 k. U. b& s3 y+ F: S
灌输知识 to impart knowledge into someone
- ~8 K/ e( @" x5 m% Z# t' ~追求理想 to seek after the ideal' b' t8 ^& e/ J* x6 l
实现抱负 to realize one's ambition8 _6 D" _+ x- o7 d
守信用 to keep one's promise; v3 l- E  h% w$ j) l
跟上时代 to keep up with the times
1 Y) W3 C$ ?  O' z' ^+ O8 n6 d欣赏古典文学 to appreciate the classical literature
1 [( ?9 \& v9 h学习吉他 to learn guitar
1 q; E- C# y4 [" E& d( [陶冶品德 to cultivate the character
) |& H! ]( l0 U4 ~) h% h0 G& j7 N贡献国家 to contribute oneself to the country6 V0 K* @" c, g* q2 Q/ x8 x
锻炼身体 to strengthen, exercise the body
( ]5 b. B2 g( o: A8 y7 c: ?4 G缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreations. x1 W: D. W( ?- q! d
作笔记 to take notes
% C1 Q* b9 b% E. ]& p- Q$ a# f+ j; s使用参考书 to use reference books
1 ~5 [" r' F* B  L( f' b/ k4 S4 I关心社会 to be concerned about the society
+ L9 {# P! z& l! x5 V1 `服从校规 to follow the rules of the school
8 p$ W6 @7 x% d, q) i尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill one's duty as a student. m$ Q& G$ v+ P5 [
克服困难 to overcome the difficulty! q& b9 c* s6 j7 B' C# V
面临困难 to be confronted with the difficulty6 l- C8 f+ i1 |, X' L. z2 \- e
渡过困境 to weather the storm
, j) h; C5 f) f' j走快捷方式 to cut the corner
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量脉搏 to feel the pulse
' B! d1 C3 \$ h7 u" ^9 W; B; G8 t开药方 to prescribe the medicine$ H2 V* N3 V% b& y) G/ L
坚守原则 to stick to the principle5 ?: Q' x7 X1 F- J! z5 Z7 W
注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene
$ g5 A- X2 k& X) y乱丢垃圾 to litter; to scatter garbage, d* q8 S2 n7 u( y* U+ [9 Q1 J; z5 ]
美化环境 to beautify the environment
  v: x" d+ Z) y) F& W" G) Z种植树木 to grow trees
5 P6 @8 f# `( n, j防止污染 to prevent the pollution
4 W% I0 v* o: p, q! |& M$ j提升生活品质 to promote the qualities of life
. Q5 Q5 x1 U: K0 q) _造成损害 to do damage to# v- g4 w3 T3 Q- t' G7 P: \
对...有益 to benefit; to be beneficial to
0 g* }- @7 z+ D% u& @6 f) ~5 T( s对...有害 to be harmful to; to do harm to0 u9 _' y. u5 y3 H% R! z
任意停车 to park the car at random
$ G% y' W  ]& ?% K* N4 H制造噪音 to make noises
" B7 ?! q6 n+ Z' ?, Y: S9 L占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk+ j0 W$ p$ A  B2 w2 W( v' U8 F
妨碍交通 to hinder the traffic
1 ?' |2 _% W; r+ y+ J排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, fume
) @7 D. V% u# X0 y造成不便 to cause inconvenience
3 T1 p) Q, q8 e! J9 l% J) H造成混乱 to bring about the disorder
6 _+ R6 H3 G5 v0 V闯红灯 to run through the red light) {3 X: j% W0 u$ N, U5 {
利用天桥 to make use of the overpass
9 }& z9 P$ M  a- M5 V5 X. A查字典 to consult the dictionary; A0 ]4 o. _+ M7 P1 I' [
屏息 to hold one's breath/ e. i# B" {. D3 U! ?
流泪 to shed tears- Q! _7 Z7 q  K. `/ S" T7 g
符合需要 to meet the demand  q' c; W* n$ F( d. S1 S
生根 to take root
- B3 Q+ _+ x+ _产生结果 to bear fruit
* U0 R0 K& ^$ ]打破沉默 to break the ice
) e7 c% t9 m" P+ W" ]( i- Z5 D气馁 to lose heart; to get discouraged" F: z. z* E' K
振作 to pull oneself together; to take heart  I5 @7 s5 [* J9 P- q
采取步骤 to take steps; to take measures, c4 E7 q2 m7 k! }3 y* K/ J" z
缓和悲伤 to ease ( alleviate ) the sorrow
* {, x" W% ^* H, C& P! I# `; t承受负担 to bear the responsibility- p: H9 T4 }( k( S& R' N' m
考虑到 to make allowance for% t8 q1 p, X# {+ C  n& v) q
把握机会 to seize the opportunity8 F6 R. j9 A& w# Y- y1 v4 V! F0 h
跑腿 to run an errand5 W. k" R7 g( c) w7 W
树立楷模 to set a good example
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接受教育 to receive education1 S2 B# b4 i1 `! [7 g
提升生活的水准 to raise the standard of living) }( J; t. L* w( L$ z' L2 N; x# n$ A
告辞 to take one's leave. |) N- ?* R0 t" E) k
有很深的了解 to have a deep understanding of
9 k; H  Y1 j2 t: y9 M+ Y跟随流行 to follow the fashion
8 ?: _* s! \- [9 d5 o) d* `提钱 to withdraw money
: R. E: {3 d8 I: ?- t" W* d, D存钱 to deposit money+ Q9 R, b5 r8 [& R" w' u
良心不安 the conscience stirs( ~4 Z6 K4 E) D  R/ t+ R
自立 to be independent; to stand on one's own
" k0 l' P/ f4 Y# y: j7 t6 p2 g* t5 g英文很好 to have a good command of English
: P8 I  D2 y6 t% {0 l% H) q有广泛的知识 to have a wide range of knowledge$ e% p# H9 r# ~; Y$ O7 ?; D
喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts# d2 c; L  a) B: R5 j/ d3 M2 l/ ]
扮演重要角色 to play an important role in
' J. B1 T/ e6 N) T聊天 to have a chat with1 _- O" U7 z# D2 i. Q, O
有...才能 to have a talent for; z; H" J4 m# x5 d& J. v" C9 J
选择 to make a choice% c" w& j3 R- [) l- F! R" v
有很大的影响 to have a great influence on0 O+ Y7 _* }7 I" D
予人...很深的印象 to make a deep impression on
1 O* B3 b* B- a9 F: d. B. M3 j2 {愚弄 to make a fool of7 f# X% i) R. [" N' T9 F
找借口 to make an excuse
: z+ n) i0 \4 I" R' [( i给人搭便车 to give one a lift5 z4 o) A4 ~" A5 h
打电话 to give someone a ring8 @( E' J4 y9 r0 I/ u, ]
冒险 to take chances
- M8 K6 r# Y7 o. h+ u8 ]怀恨 to bear grudge against someone. z# |4 D& M* o  u3 F
牢记在心 to bear .....in mind! D! X5 H0 P; O; v& S
板着脸 to pull a long face3 ~$ J! V6 f% \3 @
对...充耳不闻 to turn a deaf ear to5 K( [4 n' n+ A6 w( }% E3 u9 Z7 _/ O
被开除 to be dismissed from school
1 q$ U2 D/ x# c  O4 Q) c: y生气 to be angry with ( at )
( T& ^7 j6 V, z7 }+ E, g负担责任 to assume the responsibility% Z3 ^( q9 T. T5 l% _! }
符合需要 to serve the purpose
$ C. Y  J+ w4 B. ?6 ^变胖 to gain weight
% I" Y& |# F* ~- B有道理 to make sense& _# f$ ?! S. P) ?
记日记 to keep a diary
. F" M* h! c1 w& ~, f尽己所能 to do what one can: ]' x; P# F7 V5 [) u- u
擅长网球 to be at home in tennis! Y& j6 u% H1 u& k5 l4 ^- g
郊游 to go on an outing
! M1 a6 ]- S; @3 K3 h消磨时间 to kill time0 A: f5 R- M# F7 L
增加生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life
& B9 F. `! c! u# Z精神抖擞 to be ( feel ) refreshed
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
解除紧张和焦虑 to relieve the tension and anxiety5 o% i  k3 _% p8 y3 V
宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings, b- b& o. Z/ T* Z) G* c7 ^
游手好闲 to fool around2 z. f4 ~, j, f1 P* g
准备考试 to prepare for the examination. J0 {9 j+ d. U$ X- Q2 r
参加课外活动 to take part in the club activities
- h4 T% ]/ x1 v+ t: d. u7 U无精打采的 to be listless1 p) ^% f0 A0 v2 ?' s& _( g
精力充沛的 to be vigorous, energetic
4 s* \( D* A3 n0 b防台 to guard against the typhoon
2 X# |/ S7 I$ B0 f逃避现实 to escape the reality
3 C3 E+ r0 @3 M+ e达到目标 to achieve the aim
) u0 J3 F6 c+ A/ A' w+ U  }$ l% y五育并重 to lay equal emphasis on the Five Disciplines
6 Q  m3 d! P1 O5 h1 _- ^1 q感到无聊 to feel ( be ) bored
* s; i9 n: l* ?( \4 K+ C感到剌激 to be excited
+ k: L8 h' d+ V) X. J! e$ W感到满意 to be pleased, satisfied* T' X' t0 I1 y* Y+ q
感到失望 to be disappointed2 T" f0 Z7 e7 ^
感到振奋 to be encouraged, inspired
8 _" P* E( y/ Z4 Q感到气馁 to be discouraged, frustrated0 r( o( N# d3 U3 f; o2 u
感到疲倦的 to be exhausted
3 ?. a7 i+ u. m% E% c: d感到烦恼 to be worried, upset, disturbed, bothered
" n! H8 O" w0 K& s放弃理想 to abandon the ideal
: U8 G  x, Z. B3 }: M2 b奠定基础 to lay the foundation/ p  g: q3 H; P! |
失去耐心 to lose patience, T; ]; T$ z6 [/ ~
进步 to make progress2 Q2 A7 l3 r; Q1 }: c; @
失去连络 to lose track of. L0 \% ?1 ~, L3 B
保持连络 to keep in touch with& K& c. A6 x7 t& q4 J
误入歧途 to go astray3 S% m0 K9 W+ H! g: }
养成...的习惯 to make it a rule to; to cultivate the habit; F. |8 y5 b/ ?
统一中国 to reunify China* @+ \: d6 \4 V' r: l
遇到交通阻塞 to be caught in a traffic jam
8 @4 o% Q$ b' v0 O+ I$ C  a4 d给...教训 to teach someone a lesson
& \' Z: ?, K$ n4 p" ~6 g# z& [/ l5 ]改过自新 to turn over a new leaf
" N& I! M! \! x& a( z引以为乐 to take delight in
& k- O, W, m+ o9 F予...以打击 to deal a heavy blow to! t0 U) @5 ?5 K+ h! j& A
予...以威胁 to pose a threat to0 m. m7 y# O# U0 {0 S
取代 to take the place of
) P; d/ d8 A' l3 c+ G; w1 L5 _预作保留 to make the reservation
# t: o  D$ [1 }; F使...澈夜未眠 to cost someone a sleepless night' E. S0 b0 X1 y, D
充满喜悦 to be filled with joy
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背诵 to learn....by heart
2 y9 j+ i2 Y2 R鼓励 to encourage, inspire
& |% N' M& E$ V* W8 \5 c& L产生不同 to make a great difference+ b/ a' n* L$ A+ g+ X
犯法 to violate the law
: v  Q) U* ~7 U5 B# p  ^不遗余力 to spare no efforts to
6 ]8 _) ?9 V* }& [% q' [9 Z1 ?; o) b# f不辞辛劳 to take the pains to
1 E9 r7 z9 O* |+ L1 |/ m9 n4 c' q* Y5 V  R  to
$ s3 k1 B3 m+ ?, t6 U6 p' j7 q: C/ \# {
  语气转承词3 c$ c( m+ T: Q; ?% m& J

6 o8 p% ^' F( r6 a语气转承词是连系意念的字,有助于增加文章的连贯性。转承词以两种重要的方式来增加连贯性;首先,转承词有助于该段文字自身间的连贯性,这时转承词安置于句间,以使前一句与次一句的语意流畅。其次,转承词有助于段落间的连系,置于段首的转承词,将前段所讨论的意念顺畅地过场到次一段,做进一步的申论。
4 b$ }; I2 g) Q4 H
$ p9 F: ?3 ~3 |. M以下,就转承词的功能区分为十二种。学习者应记住不同转承词的功能,并就各大项中重要者熟背几个,将来段落写作时就可派上用场,以增加文章之流畅,以下是十二种转承词,分别用来表示:1 b; C7 Q$ j2 E8 F- D& r0 u# r

* ^" B; z8 O9 P7 b+ B+ ?. y+ \一、解释( to explain )! A. P; z" ?9 n8 }& }- O
1. now现在;那么(表示转变话题、要求、安慰、警告、解释、惊异等,通常置于句首并加逗点) 2. in addition而且;此外 3. in this case在这种情况下 4. in fact其实;实际上 5. for this reason因为这个缘故
5 `, \- M8 C9 \3 [, {" G) |例句:1.Now, follow the directions carefully.
& y- J& ^2 u3 v$ W7 J0 \2.In addition, there are two museums in the city." W" v" p% y4 ^+ J
3.The problem, in this case, is hard to solve.2 o( [0 I" P1 F" n& P
二、强调( to emphasize )
; m0 I+ J) h' f, L1. certainly确实地 2. indeed确实地 3. surely确实地 4. above all尤其;最重要者 5. most important ( of all )最重要的是
2 |* O4 ~4 _/ C% q, a3 y/ G0 a例句:1.Certainly the vacation was fun.) q0 m; P' C; x
2.Indeed, no man is an island.谚语:人不能离群索居。
5 {/ }/ M& i- B' r  X/ y+ [* O3.Above all, avoid swimming alone in strange waters.(陌生的水域)
9 x  d0 n  I' u7 c
1 T8 A/ i4 p0 y: Z6 ` 三、举例( to illustrate )2 t8 y, o/ _. E+ B! `! K1 }" x
1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就这样 4. next其次;然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words换言之 8. that is to say换言之;那就是说 9. in particular尤其;特别 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特别地;主要地$ H& y# ~) n* R* ^+ [
例句:1.A good speech, for example, should be as short as a skirt.
- U( d- g" _& E& k& n3 P2.For instance, light travels faster than sound.$ w0 y' g% h# V# C! w/ S; r5 `
3.Next, think of the courses you want to take.
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四、增加或附属( to add )
# L9 o7 ]$ y- G( {  M- O/ e$ r, f9 p1. in addition而且;此外 2. furthermore而且;更有甚者 3. also也;而且 4. moreover而且;更有甚者 5. again而且 6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除...之外 9. what's more而且
- ]+ [+ K2 E  ]. v. {; x' G例句:1.In addition, the tour stops in Tokyo.8 d4 K" {' V4 w4 |! `6 ?+ O
2.furthermore, he is too old to do that./ h4 F6 b; K; {+ P$ `7 I; D* W
3.Also, she asked for some money.
/ h5 P# [: t, A
! y3 F  b" l+ J* v 五、比较( to compare )尤其是相同性质的比较
( }  n+ k! V, Y) m2 d, e" u( h9 j1. like像 2. likewise同样地 3. in the same way同样地 4. similarly同样地 5. too也 6.equally important同样重要地
7 z2 T) d4 I# @4 t例句:1.Like Peter, Tom is a good swimmer.& \+ N1 w8 \$ ~: X/ a6 p
2.In the same way, we look for a good doctor.0 F! R7 p! e8 T+ X- I
3.The car uses less fuel. Equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour.
& m% e( W; z/ P8 H5 ^. `8 F: F
6 z- o1 M9 a' [1 H4 o# |( E 六、对比关系或相反的意思( to contrast )0 J: |% k, J0 l
1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead代替;更换;反而 7. but然而;但是 8. instead of代替;不...而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. after all毕竟 14. in spite of虽然 15. despite虽然! f2 Q( g8 h4 h/ g# x, }# N! W
例句:1.Unlike Tom, John is brave.% P6 t: q# r) I* q6 w
2.In contrast, they took to the streets.相反地,他们走上街头。
# u: C& U6 ?8 p7 h' f4 F, |3.Instead, the new law caused many problems.
3 Z$ m6 U9 j1 L; N/ b0 `/ |七、让步( to concede )
8 ^$ v% k8 a( W" Q# v1. although虽然 2. nevertheless然而 3. of course当然 4. clearly确实地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或许7 X1 c$ c9 u3 K" i
例句:1.Although she ran after the train, it left without her.. _4 |9 C6 W7 g6 z
2.He planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help.  l& {* O7 n* t/ p0 Z/ }2 t7 A
3.Clearly, a garden needs a lot of care.
: C- |1 B6 U! \2 N8 t* {; Z5 H八、结果( to state a consequence )- ~- j! M9 l7 }  g! h4 i. J7 z
1. therefore 2. consequently 3. as a result 4. thus 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表「因此」,「所以」,「结果」 7. so所以;因此' h2 `, t7 g1 z' Z2 \4 y/ k
例句:1.They hoped, therefore, to be respected.
4 R; w  J# Y9 w" S9 S2.Consequently, we opened an account at the bank.& m& k. k. g; y
3.Accordingly, she gave up her original plan.3 m* M4 l$ V5 [6 t0 Q; ]
九、综合;总结( to sum up )" \4 h  \) q9 Q3 i  U! x/ \
1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum ( in summary )5. in conclusion以上皆表「总之」 6. in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表「简言之」 11. by and large一般来说 12. finally最后 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整个来说 15. generally speaking大体而言;一般而论
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例句:1.To conclude, Chinese New Year is the most important holiday.6 r" c7 \" A, ~: |9 [' H8 L% J
2.In summary, recreation is a big business.
" ]5 {7 I+ M* p/ a) p0 g/ V3.I will tell it in a nutshell.% C+ N' h" s& n; |
十、时间关系( to state sequence of time )- \' B7 W0 d2 S  @/ E, \" {
1. after a long time ( after a short time )过了很久,过了不久 2. after a long absence过了很久 3. presently目前 4. meanwhile同时 5. after a while一阵子之后 6. once曾经;一度 7. since then自从那时起 8. at the same time同时 9. temporarily暂时地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后来 12. thereafter其后 13. lately最近;近来 14. sooner or later早晚8 |. a/ v7 x' h2 H- V6 `' f
例句:1.They met after a long absence.6 b3 u# Z" @8 N5 D/ R1 o
2.Meanwhile, they were at war with their enemy.
6 R' u% P3 E: \6 C6 e/ `! ~3.Thereafter, they never met again.
5 q- _$ a8 b/ o- @; I6 V, D十一、顺序、列举或思想的延续( to state order ), d. J' K8 N4 c9 C; i6 }  N8 h
1. first首先 2. in this manner ( in this way )就这样 3. first of all首先 4. in the same way同样地 5. second其次 6. third第三 7. in the first place首先 8. then然后 9. next下一个 10. again再次 11. finally最后;终于 12. eventually终于 13. by the way顺便一提 14. incidentally附带地;顺便一提
' T( N$ T# L- q" l" U" r+ m例句:1.First of all, jogging makes the heart stronger.2 k% V5 B* Y- F: P8 W' k
2.Eventually, they came to an agreement.
7 B. E) ~# B5 L+ W  t. V. M- l1 m) R; R- }3.Incidentally, medical supplies will be sent here next Monday.
; D+ J, F6 \& [4 Y, Y+ L十二、方向( to state directions )
# g& I/ A9 I* Y$ R0 z9 a, J1. below在...下面 2. next to在...的旁边 3. beyond超越;越过 4. on the ( my, your, etc. ) right在...右边 5. further更远处 6. on the left在左边 7. here这里 8. nearby在附近 9. opposite to在...对面
9 M# J; g  r+ M& j& Q例句:1.Next to the national cemetery, there was an old church.
: J, U# h" i0 X, x5 h; o9 D2.On my right lies the beautiful river.7 b$ ]  ]2 v; u  {0 I# m" e
3.Opposite to their building, there was an elm tree.
6 Q* }, v1 w4 o% k---------------------------------------------------------------
( j" i, K0 ~  b' E 英文作文「起、承、转、合用语精选」4 w1 C/ K% ?' O: x% Q8 t
+ o5 J0 \% L4 H. r$ ]/ A( R  O
英文作文之起、承、转、合用语是帮助同学使文章之前后语气连贯、表意流畅,从而使全文看起来肌理分明、组织结构严谨,以便在作文写作上拿到更好的分数。但以下所列者,同学要想在短时间内速成,不妨在起、承、转、合用语中各选六、七个用法不同者熟背之,并试着在自己平常的作文中运用出来,使熟能生巧,才能令你的作文如虎添翼。当然,同学不应该忘记,这些用词只是套语,真正重要的还是文章内容,所以平常多读、多写,丰富自己的意念与想象力,才是作文拿高分的最佳途径。
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2.As far as I know, S + V...据我所知,…" M6 |) `0 c# h+ z# Y' f+ ?4 n3 b
3.As the saying goes, S + V...常言道,…
6 [  a# d/ ^6 g+ f% }& g9 |4.Everybody knows that + S + V...众所周知,…% m$ q: d+ e! u6 j) r
5.Frankly speaking, S + V...坦白地说,…
+ i  r4 r; _! `9 s, ^+ p5 a6.Generally speaking, S + V...一般而言,…
* ~( ^1 I& t  t1 T7.I'm of the opinion that + S + V...依我之见,…
) n+ B! C0 N2 u% B, ~: C$ Y7 G8.I am greatly convinced that + S + V...我深信,…: h, I+ U$ Z7 }8 C# ~
9.In dealing with..., one cannot but admit that S + V...在讨论…,一个人不得不承认…8 l" |5 F% e) T  i" @3 F8 ~, m
10.In general, S + V...一般而言,…7 G+ M/ p; N# X& h) _9 q# i
11.In my opinion, S + V...依我之见,…
6 f0 O- Y# Z. N  X. h* d# m* ^12.It can be easily proved that S + V...…是容易证明的
/ g! L  p/ o  _' ^13.It goes without saying that S + V...不消说,…
' k2 t6 V7 b9 J: J! s3 \% x5 s0 n14.It is out of the question to V…是不可能的
5 `% C# X7 A' |) ^+ L( V% t15.It's quite obvious that S + V...不消说,…
6 c1 n5 U/ }6 P16.It is said ( reported据报导, known一般皆知, estimated据估计, believed一般相信, expected一般预料 ) that...据说# X: u. v$ s: u
17.It is important ( necessary必要的, urgent紧急的, proper适当的 ) that S (should) + V(…是)重要的
) _3 B7 y' i) T8 h) o* ]/ @18.It's true that + S + V...事实是
: z; X. a, y+ U  ^19.Lucky to say, S + V...说来幸运,…! b9 V* \% b' f; d: l+ C+ t* l2 t  l$ w
20.Needless to say, S + V...不消说,…0 S1 D, e) E6 E
21.No one can deny that + S + V...没有人可以否认…
- h' j# e) Y' X: t/ M" T/ ?1 p+ ]22.Nothing in the world can delight me so much as ...世界上没有什么比…更令我高兴
% ?4 T8 l8 T" X. I  P! }23.Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than...在我所认识的人当中,也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬
$ Q1 |6 Y! M6 G' M- t# G6 u! v/ W24.On the average, S + V...一般而言,…) R! \, ~$ V/ a# z' `
25.Regretful to say, S + V...说来遗憾,…1 j: {5 k8 R  m: F
26.Sad to say, S + V...说来可悲,…
) f7 l2 V; V9 }" u/ G27.Strange to say, S + V...说来奇怪,…9 y0 D' D0 Q. a0 B
28.Strictly speaking, S + V...严格地说,…$ T- L/ y  A, _) n9 l2 B
29.There is no doubt that S + V...毫无疑问,…. c' |  m& [6 l5 ?0 y- T  R
30.There is no V-ing...…是不可能的8 \) z4 V2 i) N2 \. H/ O, c9 a
31.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…
6 s2 k% z8 h; \32.To the best of my knowledge, S + V...据我所知,…
% |0 K  ^+ R; v  g8 F
4 {; t# b) s  ^; V! {+ d4 X  (承)
1 D2 ]# r$ S& [8 C
: ]$ V* l- r, ^( q! Q) k1.According to + N , S + V...根据…,…, C) d. T$ i1 S  s! e8 B- ~
2.As a matter of fact, S + V...实际上,…4 W4 \, L9 t7 ^6 s) Z% k, g
3.As far as I'm concerned, S + V...就我而论,…
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4.As good ( ill ) luck would have it, S + V...幸运地(不幸地), z: W& w$ \4 S2 W" Y6 \8 o4 t
5.As is often the case with + O, S + V...…对…是常有的事# h7 w' F" U* _9 ]4 C1 a! C4 s
6.Besides, we should not neglect that S + V...此外,我们不应忽略' n. i0 O1 a. B" n
7.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore, ...但是问题不是如此单纯。所以…* A7 D! M" u' c6 D& B
8.But it is a pity that S + V...但是遗憾的是…
' i9 l" q, j" U' I9.Compared with + N, S + V...较之…,…
. H% J2 n% b9 g+ F9 g10.Even if ( Though ) + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...即使…,…6 O' ~: m! h& o$ q) S7 ^0 U
11.First of all, S + V...首先,…' u6 m0 P. x; K. X$ s, {0 _
12.For all + N, S + V...虽然…,…
4 [$ y  C1 B. x9 v8 I  ^6 S/ i* U13.For example, S + V...例如,…
, F8 v$ b. l4 o3 X) c5 k14.For instance, S + V...例如,…
$ n; @  l4 d" E. R+ D15.For one thing, S + V...一则,…
9 R4 T8 M0 |4 j: b2 @16.For the other, S + V...另一方面,…3 U  d& v& M0 H7 w2 p
17.For this reason, S + V...因为这个缘故,…
) K8 i# |3 _5 G18.I take it for granted that S + V...我认为…是理所当然的
: h! c, [+ }& }4 R+ g! V! l19.If we take ... into account ( consideration ), we + V...如果我们考虑到…,我们…
. c8 E, F9 a. Y: J# b$ \3 U! E6 K20.In accordance with + N, S + V...根据…,…8 ?0 h7 `3 s+ o( F. M8 E
21.In addition, we should + V...此外,我们必须…8 A9 Q# ^2 t6 o& ?6 [; K. j8 z& m
22.In all likelihood, S + V...十之八九,…
% ]$ I2 a) x6 d0 G) b23.In comparison with + N, S + V...和…比较,…! P" {9 x1 u$ j/ U9 c9 W
24.In fact ( reality, truth ), S + V...事实上,…/ R* }; a/ @( ^; Y3 h# @( z
25.In nine cases out of ten, S + V...十之八九,…
5 n# p5 N2 c% O26.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…8 E; F; i0 K- M0 w5 g! k' O# z
27.In relation ( respect, regard, reference ) to + N, S + V...关于…,…* e% i, f5 I7 ?. i$ t
28.In spite of + N, S + V...虽然…,…
9 H1 m2 ]5 T& c6 ^4 u( c29.In the beginning, S + V...首先,…
+ K0 E8 r/ ]2 X  d) x1 f- |2 b30.In the first place, S + V...首先,…
7 a2 @& Y  B7 B. U; ~- X31.It is not too much to say that S + V...…说起来并不过份
1 ^8 O  e  P& w) v4 k/ z2 v32.No matter wh- + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...无论…,…
: g/ l6 V, @$ `/ o7 N33.To begin with, S + V...首先,…1 t/ f1 J/ ?! D" Z  D3 v1 c
34.To change another words, S + V...换句话说,…# o. i7 A( L- a2 b
35.To cite an old saying, S + V...套句古人说的话,…$ _7 X3 k+ o6 i( _
36.To one's astonishment, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…
# ^& }" N+ y& v0 t- ]) b& a' k37.To one's delight, S + V...令某人高兴地,…
! G$ ~4 X9 Z2 M. N7 M  Q" `38.To one's disappointment, S + V...令某人失望地 ,…
9 H  K; O7 Z$ X1 U- A39.To one's excitement, S + V...令某人兴奋地,…
) i" k, T" H9 n) E( X40.To one's joy, S + V...令某人高兴地,…
% h3 k4 a6 a  d8 b  U41.To one's regret, S + V...令某人后悔地,…
" X$ b1 T1 a6 P/ H42.To one's surprise, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…
5 C1 t( @) O) r: D2 o43.To start with, S + V...首先,…
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同言同羽 置业良晨
44.To take...for example, S + V...举…为例,…
- V- Q! @0 M- {# U2 n45.We have enough reasons to V我们有足够的理由…
$ \7 m5 E$ \8 ?5 f46.What I must emphasize is ...我必须强调的是…, E* H5 r4 e+ \0 x9 M: Y, x8 p7 W
47.What's more, S + V...此外 ,…; G% p" w- q& n% P
48.What seems to be the problem is that S + V...问题似乎是…/ u2 t) g8 N. p

* o3 j1 P; ^9 G7 D  (转)  A$ K1 P- k, W5 a# e5 ^
. u) t4 k$ K- b8 O
1.By contrast, if..., it will certainly be the fact that S + V...相反地,假如…,那一定…
+ C) }/ K$ t) E$ @& l: Z9 S2.But for + N, S + V(假设法过去式或过去完成式)...若非…,…+ g4 Q2 O  V9 ^2 a) k
3.From now on, S + V...从现在起: ]1 b, }# S7 L$ w* z/ R) M2 o9 T* N
4.Hardly had + S1 + V1(p.p.) when ( before ) + S2 + V2...一…就…
9 a+ I* Q* A. J: l$ K5.Have you ever + V (p.p.)....?你曾经…吗?
$ G  g. b1 Q# ]+ W6.If by any chance S1 + V1, S2 + V2....万一…,…
! {% c! @7 Q7 ^! u7.If only + S + V...!但愿…!
$ M5 o5 z5 I) D! Q8.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…
/ `# I/ z+ V3 Z: H3 W9.In the meantime, S + V...同时,…
1 A: U, Y3 k) ~3 u10.In the similar way, S + V...同样地,…
6 `, C& z: `( _; J) R  L: _$ M11.In this manner, S + V...如此一来,…" T" m6 v6 E  y
12.In this light if..., there can surely be no doubt that S + V...有鉴于于此,假如…,确实无疑地…
9 v4 r& t3 ]9 H: c13.Indeen, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错…,但是…
/ }9 s7 T/ R0 O5 O/ w$ D) L14.It's 强调的人、事、物、地、时 + that S + V...正是…% |8 g; e) P$ T
15.It's high ( about ) time for + O + to V...该是…的时候了
4 Z" K$ I; }) Z/ y- t# F16.It's high ( about ) time that + S + should V...该是…的时候了; I1 W$ W0 x6 X! v1 A# r
17.It stands to reason that S + V...…是理所当然的
8 N2 k& t2 X1 W+ [8 A9 v, L0 t" U18.No doubt, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错,…,但是…
* r: P1 Z5 U- M- }, [19.Now that S1 + V1, S2 + V2...既然…,…9 G* ~8 N* N' p' [# G
20.On the contrary, S + V...相反地,…
7 D, ?& A$ N! h21.On the one hand, S + V...一方面,…  Q$ C5 I0 s6 z3 ^
22.On the other hand, S + V...另一方面,…0 l( [* \( r! y9 [* F  ]
23.On ( Upon ) V-ing, S + V...一…就…
; B6 i! ~# b# _  u) ^. y0 }24.Owing to + N, S + V...由于…,…
3 [* u7 J; b! }3 p$ @25.The chief reason why + S + V + is...…主要的原因是…! p- K4 H/ c5 [. v1 }
26.To do one justice, S + V...公平而论,…7 l2 b# x* g! }; }8 c7 t
27.To make matters worse, S + V...更糟的是,…
) E, B7 \  r. w28.To put it differently, S + V...换句话说,…* @( [9 j* b5 H6 o- w  |
29.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…
0 q6 n" j* M/ b5 p30.Undoubtedly ( Absolutely ) S + V...毫无疑问地,…5 a1 y+ I8 g, X: f4 _: k" ]
31.We must recognize that S + V...我们必须承认
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32.We cannot be too +我们愈…愈好5 y) b( ]( {% ]* m9 p! K5 H
33.We cannot + V + too +我们愈…愈好! a% V( |4 O) {4 @% K
34.We cannot over-V我们愈…愈好* N, ]1 M/ y! B. R; b- a
35.What if S + V.........?要是…该怎么办?9 u9 ~+ `7 w7 Z( g" V% w1 x
36.What's worse, S + V...更糟的是 ,…
: @; b6 p7 O$ ]7 Y  Y/ W37.Without + N, S + V(假设法)... 若非…,…) O7 D1 T- D6 k
38., not to mention + N…,更甭说…
. b2 [/ u  ~' d& \39.; that is to say, S + V...…,那就是 ,…8 R) `, Q$ x/ v+ `+ y! P
(合)7 V; n" y, C5 G
; s  _- R" [6 Z# O( P9 j; A3 @: f
1.Above all ( things ), S + V...最重要地,…$ b+ a/ p; e+ o# q/ O
2.According to the aforementioned, S + V...综观上述所云,…! T3 M- _/ T8 P2 \
3.As a result ( consequence ), S + V...结果,…
/ ~5 S* g, t/ {1 h4.As long as S1+ V1, S2 + V2...只要…,…
0 J9 K2 u: [$ e) `% i5.As we know from the above, S + V...由上述我们可知,…% k, F* B1 G, a& \" |5 t( t- ]
6.At any rate ( cost ), we should V...无论如何,我们应该…- B, t' G. i* z
7.Because of this, we can find that S + V...因为如此,我们可以知道…  H3 ^' p+ _" m1 d2 V% D) K
8.For this reason, S + V...基于此因 ,…, h* f% Z, O, q  k- w
9.From the ... point of view, ...从…的观点来看,…( E2 C, K6 ^1 @9 A( b
10.If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that S + V...假如我们能做到以上所提者,无疑地…% R" }6 T( v# W
11.In a word, S + V...一言以蔽之,…
6 f+ g2 o' b, A$ @2 z12.In any case, we should V 无论如何,我们应该…
+ F/ M- d. x8 n. d8 n* l7 W13.In short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…
% ^% u6 w/ j: Y/ L: t, W14.In conclusion, we should V 总而言之,我们应该…
" W" g# P2 c9 c6 i15.Judging from the above, S + V...从以上来判断 ,…( C6 z0 V1 W8 }  f( A& `
16.Last but not least, S + V...最后还有一件重要的事就是…
0 R$ y# c* H8 ^0 ^  k17.Only by this can we V...只有以此我们才能…9 p5 n1 ?& u  r# N1 g
18.On the whole, S + V...整体而论 ,…7 @1 U1 m" R1 s  I: p. Q0 ?2 O8 i
19.On this ground, S + V...基于此种原因
, y& N! V3 I- z7 R1 L9 G20.Owing to this fact we can find that S + V...因此我们可以知道…3 s. X. T; T% q4 j; _8 V+ C
21.The long and the short of it, S + V...总之 ,…& \5 E! ?1 f1 a8 H1 |: d2 y" k4 @
22.To be short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…
. i( u! |9 S. E0 H23.To sum up ( conclude ), S + V...总之 ,…  ?- F. f/ B7 v' V7 N
24.Thus, this is the reason why S + V...因此,这就是为什么…的原因% e) P2 P( R& P+ o
25.Under no circumstances should we V...无论如何我们绝不…$ c: j/ i. A( ?& O/ ]3 S
26.What we must do is to V...我们只要…就可以了
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