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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语: F$ Q$ S, w1 M7 h& A: ^: ^4 ^

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' ^4 j9 X( V$ |' L: o/ T在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯- w% i* v1 q; B# W$ U) o. v" u
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。" v7 @8 [$ D+ s4 S. m5 B
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!1 {' B; c$ e# {
6 q7 }: H+ U4 T: a( j1 X$ _, S
(1) empty suit:
" w5 `6 k9 ]$ n" a指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
2 }$ g! e0 j2 [: q2 b2 K(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)4 V1 \- E, q0 Z/ R# J+ E
例如:
3 y" d/ W0 D9 V  C# [0 {An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
5 ]- c. \% s( q' U/ J% S(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)9 s! y/ J: s8 R# P# m
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
) s  t9 R5 a0 u5 {! W(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
9 K+ l) i1 X: r( a虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:# ?9 _7 y' t. V+ s" @
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.5 ?" b. |+ e6 B. i) N! Q0 X9 v
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
$ X& T2 |" Y- p1 Z(2) fair-haired boy:
. i( \! ?$ M% [; y; ^7 Q" @0 h指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
' z# J: b6 [7 o3 K(通常用单数,当名词用)7 S9 U' t, U5 c' T5 C" X
例如:
5 Z: k5 d4 `% u  }) xMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
3 S: l& D# W0 v% q# L' d( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
  W# \* M% o5 ?1 u& vNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.) c% N% q* d2 C& {/ E8 N
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)* y7 U. ^0 ~! P+ `& W% b
有时也可用复数:
: w$ G/ G7 u5 S; G, [/ k4 XMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
4 q, A; K1 Y2 A3 w" I(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)9 A" [+ A' M. k' J
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.# \/ E7 ]7 d: _) m/ |, h
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)2 j  ]$ c7 ?( g0 F' f, e: E
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
$ [; S! C2 K& x- B: _" {(3) fishing expedition:
% F6 I4 d6 G( z* y* g/ b$ B为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)" b+ _6 g2 a* z
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)) u5 [) ^: N, [' v2 C, w/ O
例如:! H) C# Q; V& P( r" Z( C6 V& c
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.  j: r( A2 |3 d0 o
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)0 f- a$ f+ g" m! Y4 A: u, ^+ N. w
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
! C0 w$ g% ^+ ?$ X' }4 C# j(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
% d. Z& B& x  A  }! u(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)! X1 ~" u4 Q. r! r" W; [
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.0 G# ^! E8 k1 m& T* m/ y
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)4 w) M3 \, \8 c9 P0 k) @1 l
偶尔也有人用复数:0 A1 a6 {" ~$ Z0 B2 A, C
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
  T  x) f$ K' W: L3 @7 `(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
/ \9 z9 k' {6 \0 d' r2 ~, N. P) X(4) filthy rich:
  N: F- {) {/ _8 h. S意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
6 Q0 f5 o" F8 Y( C( h( g- Z! U2 L# Q(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)3 ]+ L4 g; z* D7 C
多半当形容词用。例如:  n3 x8 x& z' a2 z0 V7 [
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.  D6 v2 t! H. \, `
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
* U* }5 X! l" `- @) |4 WDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
2 n0 _: ?6 \0 p) V  r* I(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)+ g4 j( L" p, a" [
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.2 v2 P% @3 [6 @! F4 c
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
( N( r! U# ^" R; _- F  z8 UFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.$ g9 p" F- f- e7 I  n
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
+ X2 w/ l0 o- |/ ?9 v  |3 a1 t(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)% t# N) ^6 k" x; g4 t& O) I  ^2 \
(5) fairy godmother:
& \, Z7 T, V0 y指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)* ?' F3 t. Q1 C" y3 a5 E2 ^  e
(多半指有钱的女人)
2 |# ~  x0 N6 L/ L) j(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:2 I0 ^$ t' k. g
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
. r) Q  I- t: `6 _(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
$ p7 z  a0 l- iAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
0 T: M6 d9 y$ l0 @  @" L6 @(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)$ \( K7 V2 o5 c& [4 h
有时也用复数:$ r' {- ~. [0 J2 _0 e2 I
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers./ _! A3 H( ?* p9 }. j
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
. ?  T5 w$ t: k0 NIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
" u) h! N) v8 L' w3 F(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)/ o7 x( _5 L( ]3 M% S$ H+ i

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6)eye opener:
+ {$ Z2 E- A' f  M指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion), G2 m* y9 w# w
(当名词用;通常只用单数): o# P/ W  J  [* f( V4 r/ n
例如:- F3 n) q6 R1 j: k4 S" ~
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& q  y0 r. Z: P6 t
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
5 K3 H4 {3 Z2 h4 s; K# K7 IMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
8 m5 V0 V$ N4 Y# n& [7 M(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
5 F! u( G: o4 R' MThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
  m" ~1 J& T1 s- N" Y(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
1 J6 X/ N, b% j0 pSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
' P  S3 b9 s& {" y, ?- K(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)5 B" t2 I( M5 S; s/ V
(7) hot dog:
$ q: I6 `3 R. a指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)4 |8 h% J0 V% y5 e0 [  e
例如:
' `3 f' \7 r1 Q( \$ _+ M  u- wSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.$ n$ k( ]/ O9 n! {9 h% A2 J& `0 ~
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
* A. ~9 ^  t9 Y2 w(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
" Z' ~6 S' Y4 d) x/ K. M3 NIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
: l+ y6 {& ^5 k7 E( b. G) M(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)7 a+ ?* k; }; t' M
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
1 u1 I' {& z6 j! YDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
: h6 H* F) A; V( m6 C2 j$ o# n(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
. }+ d$ p2 h: T& y  O也指真正的热狗食物:1 f+ u$ t. r8 I5 L
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
1 ^" j! W! |# N; E0 I2 T8 x(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
- ?. D: [- p5 b2 W) }( b- \9 W也可表达欣赏的心情:
) d# R, [2 x( l2 bHot dog ! What great news for me.2 h& v) d+ H; o. K
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
" {- D# L: L5 P0 l8 g) i- f(8)eager beaver:2 B+ C7 `+ O6 {* W  f' F  T
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
- Y8 j% [2 W- t! l+ K; I(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
  Z9 a1 Q. R% r8 x) c) j, e- r& e(当名词用,可指男女)
9 q' J) ?8 L) j# h: C9 X2 u例如:
: b* i. G% O" O/ yJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
3 }2 _7 k( j7 K3 o; ](John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)4 S, P( d7 u9 I3 V( v$ ]( {( e3 D  p
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.' Y2 k7 z4 ^- z1 N$ J" _
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
/ s0 u) W6 G6 x3 B% fDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?/ b/ }% `" X/ N
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
6 K  K: W9 w6 A3 m5 L, C5 ^7 IYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
; I5 `5 K" Q8 G! r0 {. K* B(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
" ?0 ?; m4 L# ~/ ]* H2 U(9)doubting Thomas:
8 W! v0 `% I$ g  K6 O$ W这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)6 s  V- w8 {) y
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)- W# a8 i% v6 J* N) p& x; p; Q
(当名词用)2 O5 U% Z9 X" S( _) r* \
例如:9 o/ e; R3 J) ]6 z: x
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
! X' |- H! R, w# p. D(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)$ I  `. W: m/ H9 Q
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.9 q* ~# x7 v5 @3 _& c
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)+ C1 Q. a: Y- c1 _& e, S8 P
也可用复数:
0 E/ f( ]$ Q" WMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.5 w5 i  E4 I$ ~! P1 i% t% [
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
  L9 {' b- v% oIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
  p" U5 R8 p0 }+ \- t- F, }$ S) s) d% ^(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
6 P& u& B+ N( D* y  \8 ^! f(10)dragon lady:! v& U2 O6 W2 I4 Y& o
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
8 ?  a" b4 F$ R3 X9 s/ Y! b例如:% p: V3 G3 G. g& T2 D% `& M" _
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.# `, l9 \8 ]( f* C
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
, _; a+ V" S! ZI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
  C! s1 E5 o: G( v(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)0 \. i& S% w' ?: w5 \% t+ K
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?8 E, ?7 `4 E- S5 H1 X/ r
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
; f6 U+ q0 @5 u7 p) H, d也可用复数:
1 h" l0 m: P! }: `There may be many dragon ladies in our community.8 v0 a) R4 e8 D
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)# N: b4 i+ t3 p. j( }
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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