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谈英语俚语3 `5 C5 D3 S3 _3 ? L
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7 k+ e; c' e; D4 j& W在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
5 s! C, C" l% d; q1 C之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。1 o8 K9 O3 Q: o: a
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!( i- o. T( W9 q& ]4 ?6 K6 S. `% P
6 g/ }: F+ E: B0 a) n+ f3 O7 ](1) empty suit:) W: V' J2 F( @" D5 l
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。1 v% v3 t' R0 D) o/ ]$ ~, I* @4 g
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)) f# G0 \, J2 H; M2 k
例如:
: `& m, M* S% X# c3 cAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.% o3 ]. W0 j) W
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)9 O# P1 H" e' U" m7 G
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.- S' I: M7 k. q, t$ v" T0 j' [
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)9 k! u1 m; b8 n9 h2 s. }
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
?8 g! L( s* s, zThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.% z! a; F6 J$ D/ t$ t4 i: g
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)% X) |! l/ {+ D' _! B$ l4 W( j
(2) fair-haired boy:
# G% z5 r5 D# I5 @* C, x9 Y0 x- _指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)* _' N" Z: Y g+ o
(通常用单数,当名词用)
% F; Z1 s8 M) p! s例如:
|( o# L1 O1 W) K3 _* UMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.: h9 p' e/ ^% Z R7 C9 w2 T0 Z
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)2 h* U3 v. k3 n: ~5 D2 i9 C
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.* M7 v5 \3 o4 \& s! ~
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
3 [0 B( C" ]5 C6 P" Q0 j% V1 J有时也可用复数:
- r+ l' J; V; y" J ^+ fMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.2 k4 w8 i1 Y# v5 _& B' Q
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)5 p5 e$ z$ X9 u0 P/ v1 F" c
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.9 ?- L& C. T l' g( X, }3 [
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)% ^8 x) [5 Z6 U. K" t& v
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)- {8 D( Z1 ], \, {# I2 H* d
(3) fishing expedition:" F- ^* j) X, F+ E ~' }3 S$ l8 u
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)" Y7 R# t# [9 x3 v) ~7 B5 J4 G, j* R
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
6 I- s. A( o0 a+ X; c e7 E7 L& e" u" Z例如:: d" J. \, ?7 d" k) J9 t& B6 a
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.- p9 T$ I; ^; q$ |
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
* U: T: q, M9 t$ }+ ZThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
' i* R0 \) U" }6 P% p5 ?% q; A8 G. V(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
2 M8 }2 v( _3 [/ Z3 U9 J+ C$ A(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)! Y; f- j7 `. v" A
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.: i, `0 `1 O0 ?
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
8 t D% k- S6 Z2 m' P, |偶尔也有人用复数:6 L ?3 a9 }7 U- S6 C/ J
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 N! W0 d* m1 |(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
' q0 [) Z" `, p$ V) T1 \(4) filthy rich:6 }" D; [* f- E6 Y8 ~
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)- |" ]. N1 B/ t3 B( `9 U! Z
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)# d! Y5 ~9 j: ^6 M+ w/ H
多半当形容词用。例如:
( H4 U. B# c+ [With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
( x G" a* D) M# [( T: l( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)" t( G/ @4 `4 E6 _
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.3 u: w. E6 ^* M4 G# M7 f, t: q
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)3 j- q- |) J9 P' ]8 w; e
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others./ Y3 ]6 Z9 I) [$ y# i
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
1 t6 Y* U7 m4 M0 h7 z, x3 y) VFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
* w% p/ F* ^* k- c(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
4 _- J+ B% e2 {9 o1 O$ r. {% c(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
& F; D5 y5 ]& c2 E/ y(5) fairy godmother:/ K( y0 Q4 O( c, k" }
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance); o7 F- {7 @- i. |
(多半指有钱的女人)4 b+ C' _, Z' P% I9 u4 C
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
q7 Z: _5 \& C$ [, bMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
5 d) x/ {. S4 ?7 ?" g(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
g) v* W1 V2 |' N: `7 w1 D( S( oAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
6 N1 U1 a2 g# C(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)' D2 G6 |6 l* B0 ^! S
有时也用复数:
$ l# c5 ~3 J0 N1 Z5 `Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.. q2 ?9 f r+ V1 y5 F9 i# X2 Z ^
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)" P8 b& `) e5 n- Z B
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.9 {# R" }0 u. h6 k$ e
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)- U+ q- Y# q! q& u+ i+ k
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. m: z; P" ^: |) z' |6)eye opener:5 X+ a; c2 w$ V% g6 Y
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
4 T2 |5 B D: N2 M& S, R, Z! d7 v(当名词用;通常只用单数): d( w+ E W0 \5 m- n
例如:
) y0 y% ^+ M5 i; ?9 r& vYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.1 w6 e; f! n& n/ H, h
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
* Y2 O! a9 Z. p$ Q! p" d; kMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.% R# X0 U' X; X# }: T. y
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
; ]1 h2 q$ u+ R( QThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
' F; W. w% F5 [3 D4 g(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
- p1 Y) [' C1 }4 b9 t% v9 HSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.' j2 Z4 ?3 h5 b
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)! N- a# Q! y7 a- R6 r. S
(7) hot dog:
5 ?9 f5 U6 f5 n9 I指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
( ^. a, [0 ?9 Y, h" S例如:
7 L9 D- g7 _4 D9 S/ `$ OSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
: ~& ?7 x- a6 \8 C5 T0 i(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
/ J8 O1 {5 F. f' j8 U7 o9 t(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
+ i9 R* c" r4 s* pIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
" b D+ a! f" l6 S: h(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)/ M2 } n( F$ t' M
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)+ [5 c& r+ T! W: I1 c
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
+ ~7 [& C+ h6 K, X(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
# j" n2 E3 |1 Q b也指真正的热狗食物:/ O- o3 |" z* f$ `9 J( }6 ^
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
5 a7 Q6 [6 k O5 g0 s: r v(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
( N" c: Q o. }; m" a; O- M; S- q也可表达欣赏的心情:7 T$ ^- p d; Q: j y
Hot dog ! What great news for me./ N/ z$ S/ ^4 h; F
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)8 o3 D+ K f1 Q/ [/ x
(8)eager beaver:6 I$ Y0 k; X. Y, I; n* k
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)% U% m9 `+ F; }. y6 u
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
- ^0 O) [8 [* \9 F) {+ F; Y(当名词用,可指男女)
& y, U3 O+ E$ I& U4 a例如:
) o9 r+ p9 Z, e, N. {1 [$ ZJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.3 _( U9 L: ^! v1 N# `% w
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)3 {! x! J- P* t8 E3 @& t6 ?
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
0 h1 q k e% ~5 u" A( _; u) X(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)+ e6 v2 r* \% t- k/ q/ |, w
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?3 W5 Q* W9 h" F4 |8 ]4 J g. D% U1 v! Q
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?): i) ~) J7 }% M' p' n9 h! M# G
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.% q+ \; j1 |8 V, k7 [% ^! ]) x& Z
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
( @7 V% _7 ~$ H; O, H d- L(9)doubting Thomas:
/ d; }0 D6 ]8 S" C, A1 z这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
' u" q8 @. a# z# F* Y2 L(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
# m% y. Z& n- b1 i, ^- [0 c(当名词用)
. F; a* a- i4 `: R# |例如:
5 X5 `9 r4 O9 u8 U8 |% X) sI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.& ^/ B$ D( C8 u* I
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
k- W" o1 ~# K3 {0 tThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.0 P4 r! G" a/ J( ` e
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)% u1 W) R, A- P
也可用复数:
" w. `5 ]) \* g$ VMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.6 t* O0 N: n; Q, f0 V
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)* ]: |" @# e( j" Q* S, U8 J
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
& g& u; t, R: G(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
& \4 P! t0 A( V, t6 |" j' M(10)dragon lady:7 {" v- m( n9 k# o5 [6 G/ _
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)) [* C* _1 C* B) X4 o! z2 u2 f
例如:
# ]3 d0 J+ Y- W) F0 |( |The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
# }; i* y5 @$ O% m3 c(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
3 {6 e5 G7 i: _9 E: X9 l5 pI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
5 I2 h6 W" ^+ U* \; ~9 J4 P(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
. [( v- N1 n+ P: _- J1 BShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?7 T/ W0 V: b& B" A6 M
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
" n$ H" D2 ?$ s6 a2 A* I q也可用复数:4 c# T T* {3 g- p
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.( L* v3 n+ ], ]7 U' X) d, B6 J8 n
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
/ G; M( n/ S- J5 R注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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