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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
+ V: i1 g7 q0 S之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。/ X( X( x2 {/ f- w* y/ m7 w0 m
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
: I; y# I& J# G1 |指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
2 R/ C7 u1 N7 E$ G W(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)% ~6 R: p( K) Q- M6 w6 ]+ ^8 U
例如:1 A2 x8 p$ Y+ v4 |
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public., o, b' }7 Z- S+ g$ o
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。): n+ Y& c- i. q) b% V( d( ^
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
' X j9 ^; {5 O(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。) u" U7 q; e/ e. S2 r u1 l
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数: R. U+ c: `! J- M
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.' E, V. A# K" \
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
2 n5 O p5 I% T) y& v( g(2) fair-haired boy:
4 [, s- m% @: h1 W4 \指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
. W4 L# E+ E' j @6 x(通常用单数,当名词用)0 f) Z8 n+ z" M& X
例如:
- M6 a: Q0 u9 a0 [% g& pMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
% L# z! o* [) v$ ^& t8 v1 i; @- q( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)) P1 ~2 d1 a" p* d/ c
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.) U8 ^* P* {2 m5 Y( ]8 h
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)+ ]2 H. s( \1 _* y" [0 R; I
有时也可用复数:, D% z/ }# F$ ? l' V& z( U
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.7 U3 ^) {! B* ? g, D6 E
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)4 L9 [0 X5 j2 ~" R! b$ \
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.: {$ x' Q) r' J0 t' c6 r: {+ q9 E
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)- W& V0 K) o4 b
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)& X+ ~0 w" d6 r. D& w8 l
(3) fishing expedition:" w5 H! i7 x* D' }
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)* w. m; i, @& J6 _! r
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)- ~3 d9 x( w$ \6 [9 p
例如:
5 m7 g2 J% P! [ kThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
% W" h, d7 M0 ?6 I(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ P9 Z& d8 S Y# ^1 r- K9 Q
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
! e) O: W# I9 ~/ f& z' A# {(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
- S' }4 N- ]- k, G(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
/ h, L# S$ \3 l7 fThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.% l! ^0 X: x- D; `9 u" m4 ~2 J
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
, Y1 W _3 }8 i+ ~# [' E5 Y) m1 o偶尔也有人用复数:+ B+ f0 h+ M/ K
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
* h C! r: @# L0 a: c4 Q% U. d8 _/ h(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)' f( P/ a U# @& B
(4) filthy rich:% U! @* @$ {: l6 B" r! |7 x% |3 F# U
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
0 y: Q% r; o5 A0 j4 \9 B(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)" x. i9 o. Q1 A# Z) g8 g' M
多半当形容词用。例如:
: a; {6 F G0 gWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
0 q; U: A+ O2 W7 o( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。). I' f `! t& a+ }" }% y
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
* {/ w( K. O7 J# R) j+ `4 l0 t(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
3 o8 V) W& h# |A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
6 }( a, e c. A(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。). o7 r9 r" t% ]% j0 @6 ?& q, ?- i
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; W. c) O( y& T
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)7 t. V- ^( d1 F& x9 B
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)/ `& ~9 ~( K0 l. M+ x
(5) fairy godmother:
% h: x8 ~9 g7 g9 C$ R8 A指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)1 Q7 ?. N7 U# ^$ P0 `: [# C
(多半指有钱的女人)
* G: n* x3 K G# c4 m(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:& u2 X6 e2 C8 \/ K, X, t
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.# J( d- P6 `2 u) D' }
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
6 ?! \. a9 O6 _! s. {- U+ JAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
( b: s& E8 P- P(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。): Z7 L- E) P% `. t
有时也用复数:
' k# h$ {6 y! OOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.9 I- d; g0 @7 h- o
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
3 S* M4 z* ^+ [7 d. N" a- R: h$ n/ zIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
; ^% g {! x5 z(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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, [* ]7 k* I9 p0 b4 R' s% I8 N) x9 v6)eye opener:
6 b" U% R7 E. s8 _指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)4 V3 u" E" K& T4 d
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
- S! u( } C: @% {例如:
5 f2 h, S( @. G) P( CYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
6 E; t- c% f( c, v( A ]7 k! c(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
* e9 w2 x0 e& e4 W$ {Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.. ~; N) z! l! l2 o; S- y
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)* ^4 ~. t: ?2 t- k4 I
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
/ Z, u% J) u T' E: g0 C. [- {* F(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
1 P3 ]# l, t' J- T! ]$ QSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
# q& a4 s$ R8 J& @# g- a(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
/ ]% C" z$ x4 s0 w(7) hot dog:
. m6 y' X7 l3 T" M0 T' s指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
" Y) \- ~, B" G2 \- a例如:
; T4 S; [; T' j$ d5 WSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
( M: u! ?+ c* D, c- y( M6 ^(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
2 A5 T e8 z0 {1 T) b' B: c(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
2 p0 [1 \( e: _0 {; E$ {0 \0 x) XIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
$ I, l( A6 W, @' z3 R3 j(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
6 x7 H4 n+ s, }, o5 `3 i: g+ q; z6 e(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)3 n2 e* w) N2 ~0 F1 o
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.) ]2 E) f5 u+ S' q) l! S
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。); E' `- u( s3 Z2 h8 M" ]" r# |
也指真正的热狗食物:
7 N* L$ Y; Q; }" B6 F& e1 TThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.7 f8 b* {2 c( w$ b. g
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)" r0 G {( l, H- j" e
也可表达欣赏的心情:
. L( m& U. q& U; PHot dog ! What great news for me.7 D _' @3 l1 w# _6 A
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。); D! N/ q8 C$ t( ^: L
(8)eager beaver:
! v2 s! m% b. x指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)2 v3 e" ^! f1 B* H$ F
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
% L; r4 p- X( y% E1 G8 w$ g" g1 X0 t- S(当名词用,可指男女)2 _- W0 V* V ?! U
例如:* \: s6 X; A/ O' F) ~4 A1 h. u
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.7 R0 J5 h4 |, [5 M& V. p/ ?
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)1 z, p9 k' P/ |0 n
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues./ r8 S G8 e" ?% g, X7 R% R
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ s) v9 I H/ i) Z2 ~
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?" Y1 Y$ \9 _0 U5 p
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
# `$ F6 a, p- ~1 ^+ H3 JYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
# |7 G" D* c4 g" ]: j5 D- q(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
5 ]6 }1 L; r1 q(9)doubting Thomas:* C8 ]! C1 j/ A( Z1 H1 Y- P) ~
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
* {5 z# H `: V(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
9 Q( t3 ]2 m: Y1 e: M(当名词用)
2 C6 e% P& d8 C4 G: P m/ d例如:
1 c* O( b f3 I) J0 `9 n, L" wI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
. C% t: V- [0 U5 x0 d$ i(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
% b7 e6 X! e, h* ^; s IThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.8 e0 W0 S% H( v
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)4 K: x0 ?- j9 J$ O
也可用复数:/ X: f8 c) y1 ?% ^7 D! q8 A
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.$ B# S) o4 _5 i6 r. Y
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。), V& m+ }2 I3 q
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.% O% S5 b. m! H: t/ g r0 q
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
; T1 Z- z* C, ]9 Q! Y! |(10)dragon lady:
) g- i! s. U) r; \3 i0 L& L( r指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
3 O; S& _" H9 b( }5 R4 q( `例如:7 [9 f s0 F2 A& `. g1 C1 F8 c
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
, y6 @2 m0 h, Y* i, U) Q( N+ l(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& A6 G& h8 M9 d- z
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.* w' [9 |: A; {: ?) ^
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
2 W* x5 D# @" e/ ~1 t/ ]# r' eShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?$ D) d5 }9 ?8 B9 ^6 W1 @- Z
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
g. @& z7 L; }- Z5 g2 r/ S) e0 _也可用复数:4 u$ D, d1 \( b% _
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
1 t' ^+ @) j3 j* r* ^; L(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。). }+ j! r& C2 N0 G0 [
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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