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谈英语俚语* t0 x0 f! _9 G3 Y$ [0 {
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
# s D e6 j# x# q之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
+ ~* c& Y3 _! q7 e若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
- }8 `, Q' Z" n0 g指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
5 w7 T$ P6 R; o# o(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)9 z0 ^+ @4 I! K3 n
例如:+ ?( o3 ~- a/ N# Q
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
- G: V$ G8 a7 J* U' C(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)9 r1 b4 k7 P; L- {( M1 E' d
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
4 L# L: A) o; _! i* y3 t% \(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
# J' T" ?$ _9 _( D. c& m3 }虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
3 B7 F8 F; \0 s; J# U# qThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
: h/ t& f/ ~" }: O" r" U, F(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
a/ U. h# }4 g5 ^) T(2) fair-haired boy:
9 ~" |7 I9 \: ]6 W. r1 r3 X& U2 t+ w指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)+ |( K* H( A2 c/ e& g, C1 Y* B
(通常用单数,当名词用)
& }, n% u. O4 w1 V6 e; |例如:! q j F4 b! @ Y& Q4 y
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
9 G( N; u1 o5 U: z, Y, O( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
' F z A; P" P& eNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
; ^4 j; O/ S2 J2 x+ [(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
( S8 T$ Z* r( l; \, T3 |. }4 [& }有时也可用复数:
/ j# g, b: N# \4 \& [' G. d- hMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
! c6 w# V$ z1 a7 ?+ f(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
) u" w( r# H% D+ v3 XFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.6 g6 Y0 O$ M# C* h' p' P
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)# i( O: }( x7 V! T4 O
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)2 i( X& a: ~+ c2 _4 p" @( {; i
(3) fishing expedition:
& f6 q0 T% t$ A1 N* N8 K# K为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
$ L/ y- { Y! j7 Y7 o(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数); {9 e5 Z) B) w1 y+ Y0 @
例如:/ j- Q; Z% c( N: T$ L7 X2 V% m
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.2 Y4 q% s- b; G& \. S' ?
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
' P7 H: ^2 _8 _; C$ G" n" NThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.9 t0 H% T% Y, Q
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)2 f+ s/ z* ^: ]3 ?
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
! n+ c0 d6 I3 M' v6 wThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.8 a2 e! y G% {8 S: U
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
+ f$ @ y# U- a3 [1 l偶尔也有人用复数:1 k# n2 D" Y- Y7 q- _9 G9 {" G
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
% b+ u! M1 \0 j7 D$ o( H2 c(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)' I U0 t" M0 ?8 _
(4) filthy rich:4 g U5 r4 K1 a( [; O5 ~
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)$ H f" P8 A' }9 q8 U
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
; a$ o X2 p. Q' e% E多半当形容词用。例如:
; {, Z; r) U1 @With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.& g; s% Z; ~, h0 g4 \ S% r+ g p
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)5 F2 U1 c3 D; S `" l4 ~1 ]& e
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
4 y8 x5 b% h$ ?4 R8 r9 U2 `(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
1 i+ J0 B& w& H! ~A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
9 K' L. I% D- c4 n5 `(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
+ c; v- b1 a8 O, ], [8 d; NFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
# R3 ~( G& w0 {- k2 x0 m(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)$ k; Y0 P. b% c! Y2 s8 s
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)2 N/ P" \. J" v6 u; G
(5) fairy godmother:
2 B( D) J! t) }4 ^- Q7 {指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
6 J+ J9 j* L z* M+ r(多半指有钱的女人)/ x: J- R: y' B
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:- c3 A0 S; L; p+ x! [9 B. d- Y
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
# t$ U" k3 d! X. q3 c(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
) v) v- z! q+ A# ^8 o8 }# g" yAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
: M s- w+ G8 v# j0 z(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)3 ~+ u, O( l, m
有时也用复数:3 U4 _! ~3 q7 ?# t+ }
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.2 d) [& o1 H$ h. M# O
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)3 n5 o3 i1 ?% E' x+ Y- p+ B. M7 D
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered./ p( v9 F& t/ t6 X1 V# _/ g% K$ v1 ?( q7 s
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:
5 f! ?1 D3 E1 k指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)& C6 u' C: E2 a3 r
(当名词用;通常只用单数)0 R9 S, C5 U. b6 p5 ^
例如:
/ y3 p/ b1 l! e7 Q9 A- ~Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
: Z# k R1 V. T* V; U+ @: r(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)5 W3 K. _& j6 A4 x
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
$ q9 F' r p5 b* K5 H(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
^2 p" n* ?$ PThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
5 V1 |0 q. }7 {% I(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)2 D' R9 O$ L* a" Z
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.7 r- }8 G0 j3 q3 s) Z+ Q6 w' M
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)' t) p9 e6 g' N1 |
(7) hot dog:6 j8 j- x0 Y+ c
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
. `3 U+ U5 ~) p) A! z( {. [+ H1 f; t例如:
0 E& V8 E! E) B- dSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
C& z! ?1 C- S0 s9 P1 o(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)/ i# b% q/ N, t9 `# m# }# \5 k
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
! K5 r2 R" D5 l* u7 a# Y+ bIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
1 I9 H i+ R+ v6 f: S: ~(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。) k" V. j3 ]# y8 ^9 _
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
3 y% @' [; u& w |During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.7 m, T a7 J0 v. E4 ]" _! W
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
" d4 v. {7 i/ `# a6 H; B也指真正的热狗食物:( q {* ~& S' s
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
. p Z1 o' z$ U(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)) g. { V O: Y" c# s. l
也可表达欣赏的心情:
5 t( t# X/ {+ S |9 ~; y( |Hot dog ! What great news for me.8 D9 b9 w1 @" G# |- `& O# ~
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)5 [9 o3 U2 h" ^' o5 c' j4 j" M
(8)eager beaver:
, J# A2 [) `5 |, R: E% X/ |指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)0 A5 ], c& P% T& a
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)) d1 w# @, s( F) v6 D& \0 ~* w
(当名词用,可指男女)
& D% b0 ~$ P" P" j$ d" T例如:$ @6 l7 `, X: y- r' W
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
9 Q' j6 S; I8 v" W, i(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
7 x- w( [" A6 K' ]Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.8 C7 E$ `4 c. L G4 l2 |
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
* m8 H& q' P+ a; ^Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
( G2 r2 X. u O4 v( a, R; ~' n(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
# y8 u" ^4 b5 h# C: r% f8 nYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations./ ? k3 H, W) M1 `. t1 X
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
% Y# c, |3 ^$ Y1 [2 ?/ v$ B6 z, i(9)doubting Thomas:
0 r& r7 u; |5 r; M) Z$ g. h这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
4 |3 n2 o' a# R) q(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活) C& ]) {& K% H' D
(当名词用)
, T. q7 J- }2 y# B' O2 O例如:4 ]* x; p. f0 ~
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
% Z" y* y+ V8 I(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
* ]9 x% ?/ i& X1 w5 W; B6 WThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
3 N! ]/ C+ ]( @, }% i4 N(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)# _( r5 Q# Y* h& W
也可用复数:0 r" n/ a k& s8 B/ H
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.6 U% M" t& N n# A( d
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)) v$ J/ Q) Z! R/ j$ k o
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
( V% h! i, B3 F5 c(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
* h8 e" N1 m6 t% b9 T4 ^(10)dragon lady:! s. a: ^) _1 Y( @# Q+ B9 b
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)) t, {6 c9 n$ a8 d7 w" Y
例如:4 l$ P% i; T' p% B( R3 E
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
& K( @6 w7 W% x$ r3 {0 c(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
- Q5 Y' }: ?$ H( X8 |+ rI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
) \- R2 ]1 }( x$ q(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)8 f1 V" ^* `, y6 G& x
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?4 l- v5 h$ f4 X! p t/ H
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)0 I/ v9 W- L1 E8 ~9 s0 p% I
也可用复数:
& r, C9 K; r/ j$ ~There may be many dragon ladies in our community.1 x5 d( `! d+ b' H9 h) X1 o
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)1 k. g9 ?1 G1 w$ m4 w( s1 o" w4 C; i' c
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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