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How to figure a home's fundamental value" G+ A, B: ~, e$ e
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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" W0 L& I! g3 [Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.. Z: n4 r# J) s
- y" [# ]& Y+ Z# @4 s2 L3 k, i& kLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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" |1 e# i! V, aIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.8 i- f$ e% U. q) Z# Q; W2 a0 b# a
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
/ B0 B4 ?- A: V0 V/ n8 G0 J& o: N& rSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
" H# y4 }, R+ gNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.% @ f) o8 B0 E. j* [
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. # G7 _/ a- h2 P* T6 ?
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.! W* V& n; ^3 K" ^
# N, N2 ~* y" JIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.0 V1 g2 d! ^; B1 B$ P4 E
, ?( U7 j: K6 [1 H Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas ' N% i X% G" X8 j# W
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
" m& b: _1 }6 q* @: ]/ c- w2 w8 ~Boston 20.5 30.2
6 X8 D1 ~2 }" WSan Diego 22.8 29.7 3 m; v! H& L5 @% _- `! }3 o+ ?
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
3 H5 q# i% x( q+ o. C' J' g7 J, M6 eLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
7 c- i+ |# I& CSeattle 20.4 25 & H# Z6 x. Y7 p" ^0 A% ?5 s. K' P
Denver 17.7 23.7 3 n$ a6 P0 U" a; b2 y8 Y/ {
New York 21.2 22.5 : }0 D$ b3 k' Y, L( `! d2 M8 S5 W
Chicago 17.2 20.8 % K$ \2 @: E1 N9 j% ^5 A! s' w$ r
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 % i: R: s8 P( m: {
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5 }/ H9 z( d' P8 WIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live. z" m1 S8 P, U d; n/ ?" r/ V
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]( j( b5 z7 v! e; tFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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