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How to figure a home's fundamental value
' d* f. a0 ` W$ V* } n# CLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.% _) z* }, C: U9 n5 M6 ]# V5 L
: T! t4 n* ?4 C5 L* O' [Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.1 c8 ?4 O2 H; T' O6 ?
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.& o+ f; _& r: M* a0 p2 q
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:0 O- }/ I, y, m1 f: _! a
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
6 H1 O7 Y# c0 ]* A3 E- r* |' uSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4., X* m0 A0 U7 }
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.7 B+ X ^5 h$ Z h7 i) W
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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5 V) m$ D1 Q* w+ z+ pIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.% P: m' I7 [0 D9 t
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable. M X% S. [2 @5 t0 _% A0 |/ x
% t. t y4 N, e" @* M, Q' Z3 y Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2 D2 q- r4 u0 S# w; P3 N1 G
San Diego 22.8 29.7
* |2 E& {9 Q% A: fSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
, p. ]/ i( O% ]( `" `Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 % k/ J; B2 i4 f1 H: d% p9 b8 i" L
Seattle 20.4 25 + f3 p+ e# F h1 w7 g2 S$ ]
Denver 17.7 23.7 9 F* x* B, e1 d4 G( T. H
New York 21.2 22.5 + @ H7 N _$ c4 p7 g% W
Chicago 17.2 20.8 * b8 E1 ]+ p% h
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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+ S4 ~: `2 j3 h' w2 YIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.1 R8 J3 A& j5 q7 M! e) O
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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