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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 * ]# u6 K' P& p' o1 U+ m
9 X4 ]. v1 F$ _& j, e* ^http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688% Q: w* @/ G3 Y* _2 d, A# c; i
. N: T* u; ^0 @+ u. m i* v; {John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
* S1 S U( x3 Y( r- wYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of( E$ Y. S/ ~8 G
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
" I% E. H' R6 u6 g6 J
2 G4 N% F* F( }* Z) PLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
0 |! ^0 g+ u: {5 y: z3 l# GFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 x, z# n) x+ N8 S5 x9 B# C* i* O9 [; q/ d% v
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
! x) K8 y- ?3 JReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
1 A2 f$ V8 d, F8 q v, Q1 fPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
0 J" f; q9 B1 f) u' qJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% h0 I' T- A4 z9 d' P2 U
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
! N6 F/ }- g6 X9 l) y( LTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
0 w" V+ k- g; q% [+ ?! ~) C6 uengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not& _8 V4 c& ^% k, `
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 T4 M, Y! I, ~( B' M- U* ?5 Vworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
6 @4 W7 j3 m- `* Sto the standardization of the scientific terminology& b9 g1 v6 l _* H8 h7 V8 ^8 A
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
3 n$ A3 u' w% H% W4 Zscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,2 a4 E. U9 o L
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the c, ~' B, D, L% c$ _
standardization of the scientific terminology translation$ v- V( w8 c8 d
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien( B# U' a, }3 U# t9 ~+ h
he established had helped greatly with the popularization, v. P* d9 u) O9 U, s/ E3 b- Z* f
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
1 F; A' \" }0 B" u: Wthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way6 K" c2 g2 _2 I6 K6 m
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and( e9 d+ f. M ~+ z6 J
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
6 N, G0 L/ ?/ p+ J+ r2 j! Kgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
/ X+ O3 ^* O) _% L% Yterminology.3 H, V" i% Z$ y) R" |
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: d; X% c; ^1 I0 [! e* V x4 X3 K
Standardization of terminology translation5 L: m) B7 G( m- p! T
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to8 |0 ?5 O4 D- i, {& ?+ [' ?8 ~
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
1 b; O' v5 R. ?( k: P, C/ VChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
) p, B* W/ h" e/ G; ]+ Tfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
1 H) P2 o/ V/ KDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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$ Z# z8 G2 ^; ?' cINTRODUCTION
( A3 P) |- g2 _5 } qJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
1 h0 k# |8 q9 a: A# Ka great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).4 T/ @ W" m( S# S9 _6 k
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
; v) T! @9 N; B: I3 eHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
* b; s& K0 i1 r$ TSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed) T2 u: T) W3 r. D, M+ _7 D
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
+ D" O$ Y; P7 k( N# o7 W" D: |% nan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
+ a! U7 C& E6 N! ehis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-5 ?* _6 z2 h" q X4 }* p6 R: P9 O0 m5 [
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific& s7 Y/ P! t. ?. A7 w
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
- e' x& F( o8 t3 d: KFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
6 n( Y, N$ j! @6 V/ O0 kNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
5 c) v$ T$ O Z M$ A" H) cto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant% r6 ]5 z7 P( T0 N3 j
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
; t& H* n. R, ?; m2 |0 A t1 |revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
1 {/ s) z, ^% g7 |0 k7 `, DFryer translated more than one hundred of Western K0 q8 f1 e T
books that made him the most productive one among the
* ?& {. r2 z4 q/ h: B5 |! ]5 x1 M; Rforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,/ y: r$ U$ f. Q
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a* D( ?4 _0 ^) }1 @
noble work which could help accelerate the process of% w9 l9 D* v* P. L
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
, P! V$ H5 f$ D! dIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
, \+ t1 `2 b. b- d6 ?9 K% falso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
! \' m' N' m% @$ W3 F6 gscience and the standardization of translated scientific6 k" M9 @5 \. @& Y! Z3 _
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific5 c" p/ a# `3 @' M
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
- l$ e) U V( |+ @establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another4 Y' ~* F1 @6 C6 h, P( k' }
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series( B- a/ k% k% s1 |
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
3 m# I6 Y. O/ hModern China., i0 I3 u/ Q& j+ H/ a7 Y
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published: n# `! \+ Q, N1 ?+ D
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
6 y4 Q/ S# n/ L8 F* F1 q: ^4 C4 utravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing/ p4 D+ I% S* y# V0 p$ _
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
2 ]2 b" I+ V$ ?" U* N; h; CJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and9 h3 M. p% c3 h2 o* w) I! \3 e4 d
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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