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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ' f; ]0 w9 v, q2 |5 d
: I0 H2 \+ X. Zhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688" u7 H* q0 U: l0 C: {# i" C8 }+ R
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China* [+ j9 C O( ?* M) _
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
3 Y2 d e4 r6 l1 D2 R) F& dFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) B! m2 z- |; v$ h/ l
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" r) u; m9 V4 S& ^( K
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.: W( s; Q; [. T" |0 U" O0 G( y! N
( [" }9 B9 G1 Q; v6 h) `3 l' t0 i/ ~
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
. I8 S) G+ a% i2 wReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
9 ]$ k Q0 ?+ f4 R4 \8 `Published online 26 January 20183 ^% p K5 Z/ }8 K
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Abstract4 {6 @' S- ?/ a/ z: ]2 a
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing& z5 Q, o; |! C( ~/ X0 K
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The- q% M2 n0 ~4 j. j o* T1 z I8 o, ?
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been3 r, A( x( U% M/ x0 [4 T7 G
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not" P3 d, v: }8 t& }* I0 v3 q
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
+ o& G# e% @1 G' cworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
" o! m/ T6 h$ n+ J8 ]! Z# ^% t" zto the standardization of the scientific terminology6 k+ _/ W* z( {7 ~" V
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
* P5 Y" U) W# N" \4 v. Iscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
7 { f9 [* t8 _: r" ?6 zand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
% N5 N) r( T7 a* r& |6 B, sstandardization of the scientific terminology translation2 [$ Z+ a$ ` ]5 _; z+ r
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien2 B. a5 s8 q l0 s& o
he established had helped greatly with the popularization7 z* ?/ Q: i6 L" X* Y! n
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
$ g# u% Y" i7 e( B# Mthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
e8 `, j( b+ rfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
: I/ W' H2 g8 X5 S2 P( K: |that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
: q; f s4 w F0 e2 c" Ogreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
# D4 J7 e* v* Z* G* T" gterminology.
' I m7 g5 Q2 yKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;8 q; _1 b1 A. {' W& u/ B# r" p# Z0 R
Standardization of terminology translation
5 }2 k$ \% y" _Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
& C* V) _; O1 w0 I7 O3 eStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
4 `. K h9 l$ n1 w0 W fChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
2 d: j; \' A0 i: n. afrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
6 H2 g2 v: C& C0 f" T1 T+ zDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 m r! | N2 @+ ~" U6 b+ ~
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3 _ y9 r) U" e: K1 YINTRODUCTION
1 R2 }6 O8 S' ~1 S5 X5 d5 I0 HJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and9 t+ P! n$ s* }- P8 {6 G
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
1 `6 @) V( {/ MDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
3 [* ^) w# ?0 cHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
% u2 z3 ~" l, n, K+ Q1 g' J# FSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
6 g2 c: P @3 e# Bby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
" v& y8 w- b6 I1 s( G& van editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on, G, Y2 _' N. k. \
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-" p) q5 K0 d$ f
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 C- j6 k2 Q) n9 L! V# N7 i/ o# }' Pworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
3 L; z0 g- Z) u% y6 P7 w% gFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.$ ~/ P. V9 m* p9 B& t
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated/ d9 u" X/ x4 P% t, x' G
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant4 @4 P7 i; E9 M9 o' P
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
+ t6 H ?- H) P( j# V4 Previse the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
) _* {1 J+ m& A5 q6 z6 C1 d4 g$ q- K9 b6 DFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
- ]2 _' ^4 l9 x- A) O0 O* |books that made him the most productive one among the
3 I# t' l2 [7 O) q' V8 zforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,4 p* ^' [' ~8 S# d7 n; k
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
# O* B2 p$ a* U+ ]' e- {+ ynoble work which could help accelerate the process of
& I# s3 `+ n7 P4 O+ m, W4 Ypeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
+ n1 I8 u6 Z3 k- _# R6 BIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
& |" A5 l: {( M) w8 talso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western$ d- `/ U8 |3 d: d7 F' s" v
science and the standardization of translated scientific
+ `. k' I0 K! C3 }terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific& f$ O5 }: l; A# F' `2 @
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the, [* V; l/ x% v( }: Z' J2 d9 c. p
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
, y( u$ b; a, {- t; l `0 Pcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
9 {+ W. y8 H1 w; c& [& tof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
# |. y6 K1 N' `. iModern China." ~6 L1 q5 r) L
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published. s8 c9 b& |. V) g& }& P. R( ~' |
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
( P8 }* ~% @# l, x2 _! ~2 Ctravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
+ N' K/ s7 P8 p/ e4 B |3 Ka lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
2 p1 _/ y, o* K# v) O" `" Z2 _, ]John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
8 E! v# ^! }$ x/ F. z9 F0 O7 zTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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