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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)1 } h2 H" H+ W5 @/ i
# F& R+ S$ Z, M lProof:
% m$ a3 s, f& X' x HLet n >1 be an integer
* N% L0 t- V: ~3 B, q/ cBasis: (n=2)- X, ]+ [( `: G* F4 n/ B9 X
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 30 h: Z: f& x2 M$ O/ g; C, E
}" N0 h, B2 ~( ], z9 bInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
~% T6 A5 x$ o8 k K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
$ c ]5 b' M: o) H6 @9 D+ D% G1 t: Z- }
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
2 w0 S# [" ^0 P) ]/ `since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem+ @0 b% `+ _* [/ r* G
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
. h% o4 t) R6 e* b A" k = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K3 y8 v( n7 J5 _4 u- a/ [( {
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)6 c: U# ^- d- `& i2 Z
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# _1 @1 |% G' h
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
4 a) Z7 a" w: H( U: X- ]6 i' jSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
! [" i+ _! M' p: `! Z4 y+ G = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)5 n1 ^8 R. m) a, W( n
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 34 D$ \3 m- B1 f
- H( V7 u& w( e# o) i4 wConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.- Q3 h- y8 n3 v* [7 D. T! \
$ {# C6 \ H% A: q0 Z1 w
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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