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% o5 U. T8 Y* Q4 V 这个全：7 ]0 J9 X( ?$ ^2 I3 ]3 ~
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* l+ Q( s# @; d6 x" Q/ QCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?' t, F- l$ e# c1 _. q& @
. z8 H, P# A5 @# K+ q* g) f K5 @Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.- b" L c9 b. }" p9 i# h
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.5 Z; o, I7 h0 S9 w' F
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.: h4 [2 ], A" j; h$ S
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
7 X/ L: d& x5 K1 N; v, ^The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced." Q4 h5 S( x8 q2 `. [/ |
The country codes used are :$ ~: [. ]& _4 [$ ?) ~3 O
' _& S1 W) O- k, V, o" b9 zCODE \COUNTRY
( p3 Y' D |. y5 }# O3 D8 z00-13 USA & Canada. ^; n' [; f K1 j7 V) M
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
& n5 k( @9 I: y: f& j' X30-37 France
1 B; p" @5 |7 Y9 z; M; }! z/ x1 t380 Bulgaria
+ o4 S( o4 b7 Q ~/ G5 h- } H383 Slovenia
/ b! E$ W6 K7 V4 f u385 Croatia, ^" B- a' \9 ?' j! {' k
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina) @$ V7 g5 f6 T' z7 X' f( C+ O5 p
400-440 Germany) E: A; f3 [) J7 h! D! @: N' J- g
45 Japan i) @/ v1 c% e" l( q
46 Russian Federation- }" s0 _$ X* f8 P
471 Taiwan
4 m5 H9 b: t6 l7 S4 }* _474 Estonia0 z2 F2 X3 `* E2 e
475 Latvia
9 i( z7 X$ ]& W+ g% ?+ R476 Azerbaijan
9 k4 a; x6 y. g1 q& U% |477 Lithuania! t& y" s/ I7 i9 b7 C& W% y
478 Uzbekistan- i; F0 T2 \5 H
479 Sri Lanka ?$ v0 |& @' w* y- D9 \1 {
480 Philippines, X' u( E* S! y* O3 d
481 Belarus9 ~* G0 [7 t; [. D4 z. S/ V
482 Ukraine1 b D/ u1 Y4 @
484 Moldova
. Z/ F$ |* |- k485 Armenia) [5 W8 K0 S1 X# k% A3 G
486 Georgia
3 U: k! Z5 w% a8 v% r* H487 Kazakhstan
6 O: v4 C: R( T# b489 Hong Kong% r% S5 J. K( M( ]
49 Japan
" K6 d# ~/ x, j% [9 @50 UK; H' s5 u+ b! q
520 Greece
, u' P* d2 p* ~ B% R& D528 Lebanon) D, s( \) b, H0 `; X8 y
529 Cyprus
: h- A& {& c' E$ x531 Macedonia
2 U$ s c$ l& }: ]1 E( x535 Malta0 c3 {8 Y. ^+ [% [( Y' o! m! c
539 Ireland6 x9 e) \; g$ U$ K! k- O' R& e, A
54 Belgium & Luxembourg
5 R) H+ d' e7 `7 n6 p# S560 Portugal, @' R5 t9 p) f; y+ T' ?
569 Iceland
$ |. \1 Y9 R( B2 t$ \+ J, z, A57 Denmark
9 u( B& {4 _0 @590 Poland
" s/ i0 a8 f* D594 Romania
! C8 t1 [$ } @& @599 Hungary0 {- M2 A' v ^/ E$ E0 p' ?
600-601 South Africa% K t r/ [/ y& ~6 t! B5 W
609 Mauritius \! b$ `3 u: q9 c. D0 B( Q p7 s; \
611 Morocco2 S+ s9 l& z6 L9 H) [" G) k
613 Algeria1 B" N6 a7 h" Q9 y% h8 z
619 Tunisia
3 C. \7 }/ }, [5 B( E5 c621 Syria$ X1 x H {' I/ Q$ Y
622 Egypt
" V& r+ M1 j4 @! Y8 e5 S+ P624 Libya
( e2 O; C+ A; H4 q; s; ~625 Jordan; T9 l! ~! H7 `4 e8 J
626 Iran
5 x, F b! H o+ X627 Kuwait
2 N( t. O3 Z% b4 g: o) F- e8 Z& W& U628 Saudi Arabia
8 K0 i. G; j" @( z5 R8 n1 g629 United Arab Emirates8 @8 Z" O- Q, P0 T. `
64 Finland5 O0 u: H% ]0 e) J9 p2 J3 {
690-692 China( N5 f3 J0 [; V6 ?7 }
70 Norway
5 T$ F" a6 v( x* @) d/ |729 Israel1 V( o4 @5 C1 r5 E \
73 Sweden- x6 N3 ^! A8 n# ^) |
740 Guatemala" j, g0 o, r& c8 \% ?
741 El Salvador9 C- O* W B% ]& E- Y q% n
742 Honduras
/ X W0 P+ B) z m! k0 T6 q743 Nicaragua
. \. K: ?' v5 F: m# [ S2 b744 Costa Rica) x6 J f: r0 k. _4 D% g
745 Panama
- y, c9 Z2 ]! X746 Dominican Republic- o; f F* S( U
750 Mexico5 {. {4 V0 g% o! H) f3 I- \6 ~
759 Venezuela& C, W: L$ f- d8 O0 d
76 Switzerland
$ C6 a5 _2 X/ x4 \' p/ r0 C1 f770 Colombia/ n( P+ A6 @5 W: f+ D0 [# P) A
773 Uruguay* i0 T1 A1 z4 J4 M7 O9 D
775 Peru8 {4 R$ l& D: \* U+ r( c c9 E: Z
777 Bolivia4 H$ c' w$ {0 |0 D- b
779 Argentina' W& H, o; C+ F" t3 ]
780 Chile& D( N E8 g) I7 B* V- q1 V, \0 c
784 Paraguay
0 ~1 S2 i7 r( Q/ [785 Peru
( l$ o! M3 Q0 ~ _6 A9 @# p- b. u7 C. R786 Ecuador% n- d5 M% J: g( B8 d2 b
789 Brazil
1 r9 s4 d. S3 t) e: \80-83 Italy& T9 A( f. W7 F5 I0 A; a8 i
84 Spain2 K: o# `: h5 |$ h' K" m$ [
850 Cuba
8 n8 x) q: P$ s858 Slovakia V+ X) {& T/ A6 B+ M: y
859 Czech Republic& n+ U! R+ V$ c$ l9 j9 t7 i
860 Serbia & Montenegro
# Y5 o9 X4 J; Z r& i2 S* X869 Turkey
, [! q; L8 Y/ S- C, I) s87 Netherlands; H* I9 y Y( z5 S
880 South Korea
, U! i: s( b, U+ K P885 Thailand: f$ o$ s3 {; W
888 Singapore1 ^8 Y+ S R6 Y8 k
890 India; o& u" [# n! |8 k2 g
893 Vietnam
2 D! {2 s6 p$ d. a2 l1 F899 Indonesia
) o/ L1 z0 V, ]# N; [+ H9 s5 v0 ^90 -91 Austria/ o9 j) y1 a% X, } U- G/ [: D
93 Australia
4 W" Q& @& G5 h! }3 h2 k5 |94 New Zealand
# U# `1 t n( l8 C: ] w955 Malaysia
9 K" b: V7 F- Z3 c7 |( ?958 Macau, e" ]) O4 m8 ~
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals); ?, G5 P. k' @1 K; c1 N
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)) Y. h' t+ p2 \* O
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)7 b* L$ G* m$ l2 J- q
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm1 g5 Y0 \# P8 v Z( d
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