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; t) n$ f; M( v( P( B. XCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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. K q% V0 u& ~9 h: HBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere., c0 \ D$ Q5 s' w% S# u
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.7 y; G( W9 g/ F% k3 `. n$ d* O
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.1 K. X& L' \: U
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
3 r' {% s8 X3 [9 DThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
% F0 S2 ? E6 J* cThe country codes used are :5 z* n+ ` N7 m, R% k! }7 K
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CODE \COUNTRY
: T/ ^& Y* Y: Q# K0 Z00-13 USA & Canada/ }/ Q6 t" n; B5 v4 q- W! z
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)1 e) B* x/ t" \& ?$ N, w
30-37 France" E# n* W% m; S, O
380 Bulgaria& _, m' o1 g" v. d9 u
383 Slovenia, x3 b% C6 ]# Z+ Q3 `% E5 |: d
385 Croatia
+ v8 |" k* l4 V/ C- u387 Bosnia-Herzegovina3 o2 R$ S" _7 k9 d W
400-440 Germany
3 d4 M5 y7 V- {2 v: w45 Japan# C( \3 u5 F. g6 @
46 Russian Federation1 Y1 J$ p" s1 D( U2 Y
471 Taiwan4 H [% U' {3 Y U! b# P
474 Estonia
7 c# Z6 t# V% c2 a, y: Z475 Latvia
6 i! _# K$ t. V P9 \+ ]5 f: B476 Azerbaijan7 W8 w1 q7 J: W1 @2 z2 w4 H2 P
477 Lithuania; p# k. s4 [) B
478 Uzbekistan+ c) ^; |- h) \% V' ^1 ~6 K1 u4 i
479 Sri Lanka
: q) w% A. P! _" i" ]480 Philippines! c; u" h* p0 g& ^' d( S1 C
481 Belarus
% x* X7 e% Q6 J# p* k* O482 Ukraine
; S3 I4 Z: D; ]" N484 Moldova, F; N+ Z. z2 I
485 Armenia( \6 N* b, o- \" c# q
486 Georgia, L! N4 B( W8 d; O+ `6 N: c! K4 G1 z
487 Kazakhstan& N( O- }0 a7 S
489 Hong Kong
) A0 `2 q% m5 N0 k$ r# b9 X49 Japan
4 }9 v7 U( S5 T1 Q50 UK4 `$ \4 O- e# X9 b. J
520 Greece
+ g4 [- ?& [3 |528 Lebanon
$ X& e* ^4 |# O# R" `* {529 Cyprus0 S, e! I; A) B% ~8 a! H
531 Macedonia- a2 e5 H6 r7 X$ t0 b; a
535 Malta
& L6 T8 W5 k0 Y# c* I* N) t( _4 o539 Ireland
9 r4 d& c) H$ `( \54 Belgium & Luxembourg* d* W$ e; m0 B3 r; X1 y
560 Portugal% `* q/ ^' M# z3 T3 H9 J1 {
569 Iceland
5 d! j+ f: F' {1 ~57 Denmark
0 }7 ]/ d/ ? K590 Poland) e2 s5 o. I4 z {8 q2 M
594 Romania0 M6 A1 C4 _6 Y% g
599 Hungary
7 g, W0 k, Z- }0 x3 B: q600-601 South Africa
9 D- E3 x$ S$ p& V9 \ s( N6 a+ Z6 f609 Mauritius+ u4 e0 M, d7 q5 @
611 Morocco5 p G! A: o$ D) X) p
613 Algeria5 [; O# J8 ]- |8 p' p* b9 n
619 Tunisia* B2 g, G6 B9 Z6 ]# J
621 Syria5 D2 ]" H. q8 m& _5 q* g, s. g, j, n* y
622 Egypt p, Y! c' d6 G( ?+ X% G% {# ~
624 Libya2 Z, K% t; X/ F& h5 R8 W) D' i" ^
625 Jordan+ O8 h) a4 p$ j, r, v; M" I
626 Iran
0 ^3 o4 G Z2 c# _) x/ D. O627 Kuwait E+ Q: c+ ?# ^8 r" \* I" |
628 Saudi Arabia; K+ l B* a8 ~& L- s
629 United Arab Emirates( Q# Z' }) S) s* f9 f
64 Finland
8 f( `( H/ d+ \! ~5 x% z: `690-692 China& v* p% Y5 m+ |9 n/ W
70 Norway
4 v, m( u$ ?- o: Z |729 Israel
4 q( J+ s, e3 z2 \* ]2 q/ }+ p73 Sweden' C. ?' Y7 J3 \# d
740 Guatemala
. _% K: Q- l# r, O: G( m% s! o: e741 El Salvador2 v9 d! [1 b4 K% {" ]
742 Honduras
$ H2 z: c: u; N' P/ N, h743 Nicaragua! h- J% p4 ~1 h3 r- O* }: s
744 Costa Rica
. U0 s2 s, `3 l745 Panama* P! @& u3 c$ P m5 |5 d
746 Dominican Republic4 n) e. U( @1 O0 j
750 Mexico
* `: A. B" P' t9 D9 z u759 Venezuela
& V0 z1 [ n4 T, N+ |76 Switzerland
- t* c5 k" Y6 P2 m6 o8 f770 Colombia
. r- u$ h; z0 n) t, }6 \773 Uruguay
/ n( a, @) i3 [775 Peru
3 y1 M' d+ p/ n3 }+ l777 Bolivia7 P4 U, [4 P, V/ r
779 Argentina
( g: v# [ X+ u7 h$ g! l; y0 o4 Q780 Chile
' @8 L Y: B; r: R! C784 Paraguay% f2 i; q8 }7 U
785 Peru& p, G; w% s. K' S9 R* \4 ^
786 Ecuador: {* Y6 V# G/ G F# [8 p
789 Brazil
# g$ M8 G$ u& }1 u80-83 Italy
# ~" k- `7 I( ]- _84 Spain: J# }/ @# |( ?" e( B2 N' p
850 Cuba
v# J" d, Z. X1 ^858 Slovakia( D5 f$ ~+ G F1 e5 @9 O
859 Czech Republic
) o" \) z4 `2 B0 P5 ^860 Serbia & Montenegro* ]3 i$ c }" s& B) y# k) v
869 Turkey9 N0 ], @( C& z. Y
87 Netherlands
' U* b3 V' | n- l9 \: v880 South Korea
% Z# H" Z- O% r3 A( K2 D1 i; G& ?885 Thailand9 g; Z5 ] }6 `+ G N0 o
888 Singapore0 j; {7 D0 \9 D( ]! T, ~0 T$ g, B
890 India
: m: Y* B1 L F% j7 C6 `893 Vietnam
. _& T. ]' k+ d/ R3 F f0 i/ f899 Indonesia
4 \6 l3 a4 i( l+ U$ {% I b" [- `* g90 -91 Austria9 h! l2 a$ I2 N& i5 }8 a" N$ m9 I
93 Australia- X. {' b3 Y; [1 K4 a
94 New Zealand
/ ~- A: N6 J+ \8 h: b& _955 Malaysia& |4 c) w: G8 b5 D9 [
958 Macau! Y' I* M0 t/ Q2 h0 P0 ^2 R
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
* O0 S, h7 v& @$ ~978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number). o" c. B0 J; d# t, _
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)/ K+ T6 d+ Q6 G/ G& @9 f1 ~
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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