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Accounting system 会计系统 , a Z& z( V6 |9 o
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
K" U7 w% W: n& x* aAmerican Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 . a0 N4 ^/ D. |* m- l) N! r1 i
Audit 审计
! ^5 }, ]: w4 g& w2 a' \6 bBalance sheet 资产负债表 / k- R7 J+ ]1 O L4 d
Bookkeepking 簿记
& D- m2 t6 ^# F3 N3 `Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
4 `6 N) z( W& y5 h9 ^$ N hCertificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 0 [) v+ Q. P3 I8 R
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 0 _; f9 b y" `& ^* i& K9 A. N
Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师 0 d" U N' T) S* d7 s7 x! j2 ]" t
Cost accounting 成本会计
# c2 O% }9 r) O& r2 j2 A$ SExternal users 外部使用者 & b6 _1 z0 }( \ R! J4 E2 G
Financial accounting 财务会计 7 a0 ?# J4 H( w6 X! ^
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 ) b5 I6 O: f& C' w, f8 Y" w7 i, g- l
Financial forecast 财务预测 * Z9 P, \0 _; M q7 w0 b
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
# m, D( O3 R. K1 JGeneral-purpose information 通用目的信息 0 e9 [' Y* N' y. ^2 `
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
: q' a/ D$ m- `' Y% z- @- G% QIncome statement 损益表
/ @8 x0 y2 x8 Y0 w: Y7 ^Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
6 E$ r9 D' o) gInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 - J: i$ ?* k- t2 q( _
Integrity 整合性
/ B% K* q/ V, [( X6 i3 zInternal auditing 内部审计 ! H( r3 o6 f! `# {
Internal control structure 内部控制结构 # Z/ [: F M- Z5 Y* R
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
3 u9 Q) [; Q1 r% N( y( C: Q: rInternal users 内部使用者 9 Y# @) I1 b' V( I- L- }7 e
Management accounting 管理会计 ! w0 C B% X- e: M* M( z
Return of investment 投资回报 ; A* d% R- x) G# x9 s9 |
Return on investment 投资报酬
* p( B/ ~6 c- n3 JSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会 4 _* R, X6 ]( N' L; `! `0 }8 w2 L
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
! o% z9 |( D. E6 l6 d' M: ?; eStatement of financial position 财务状况表 - \1 |) x; }8 |! @8 i7 u
Tax accounting 税务会计
F1 g# E$ n# ~9 H% s, T zAccounting equation 会计等式 2 L8 \: f: V: @( q
Articulation 勾稽关系
& X4 |( l6 D. {, {/ {( xAssets 资产
/ i' p9 w6 t5 ?* ^8 }5 S0 nBusiness entity 企业个体 0 N; g3 [) v: H! F5 h
Capital stock 股本
1 ]$ B; d9 ?; M4 y! l5 WCorporation 公司 9 Q5 M9 N' J! [$ \# d7 R
Cost principle 成本原则
" m& Q3 O+ [ n1 Z- kCreditor 债权人
$ g0 Y! s& o. B4 Z6 M+ e: h* TDeflation 通货紧缩
' y# l' ]1 P: w' nDisclosure 批露
4 V. q7 u% e+ L0 I+ i+ H9 UExpenses 费用
) S% B/ y! J/ B7 R9 _) [. M$ AFinancial statement 财务报表
! S0 m+ y3 @% T ?3 z7 i0 D+ ?Financial activities 筹资活动 5 [8 J, f3 Z* f/ j
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设 - ]8 M; i" L' {1 q: p, g, l. y; H
Inflation 通货膨涨 8 H- |: `5 C: ~: r
Investing activities 投资活动 ' E6 S( F% y. F5 ~5 [
Liabilities 负债
$ z* E. k( _, ]' D, w; x1 FNegative cash flow 负现金流量
7 A! Z& `" I; d$ POperating activities 经营活动
9 J! L: U* _0 ~. h+ n: x8 VOwner's equity 所有者权益 # D# t( a. i. ^. g/ \3 r* H
Partnership 合伙企业
$ e, } {/ `3 K; v9 I8 IPositive cash flow 正现金流量 8 M- a8 t/ Z4 X5 x. ^
Retained earning 留存利润 ! _- Q. `6 I$ S$ n+ `
Revenue 收入 : G" _. u# b6 `% |% P
Sole proprietorship 独资企业 $ d' n! N3 C$ r
Solvency 清偿能力 6 S: o+ n( C8 L" A
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 4 T# N+ N( H; a4 O4 T
Stockholders 股东 2 \5 x* M' M: o/ S0 v
Stockholders' equity 股东权益
8 {4 n+ y& K2 t5 `. p5 ?! pWindow dressing 门面粉饰 ! O: B# Z- ^1 \# E# l
Account 帐户 ; i- Z0 k; E+ W& x2 Z% X% ^
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主营业务收入 Sales
7 ^9 ]; Z+ ^% C0 d4 \折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance
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产品销售收入净额 NET SALES 9 X1 A- h' Y0 I3 K, e4 ~! m9 G# y/ }
& F% b% M( g7 @- f/ F' j主营业务成本 Cost of sales
8 @0 v) Y: u3 p# a0 C. v主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax
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主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT # q, p/ A" g- j
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其他业务利润 Other operating profit
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' F3 r/ l3 B4 R营业费用 Operating expenses ! Z: r# G1 ^0 \& f# x
管理费用 General and administrative expenses 4 t4 R/ e/ }5 ~
财务费用 Financial expenses
1 p0 E# L! w+ ^/ e! n3 ^$ S8 M存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks 9 l" d' J6 [5 w" q1 D. k3 E y
/ h: [! g' D* H( y营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
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* B5 P* K8 P" D: M投资收益 Investment income ! g. u+ e3 ~* ^$ p
补贴收入 Subsidy income
6 J T, Z/ [" Z+ e3 d/ [营业外收入 Non-operating income
, w. b9 ?1 b9 X+ a/ g营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
1 C- E" L6 s9 F. B/ s% I, h以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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7 \. u1 o. u$ {2 o+ ^5 P6 f利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR % W- W# ^' E! }* H" t3 Q g
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所得税 Income tax
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. }+ C0 ~5 G% P5 E. e( X( h本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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