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Accounting system 会计系统 : b; S6 H ^- V) N2 Z+ F, h
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 6 Q6 e* a0 L; _! K$ l, z7 c
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 4 b4 J p$ `$ x7 t; i
Audit 审计
! C, |/ Z( X0 q ]Balance sheet 资产负债表 - C3 R1 D$ t5 G
Bookkeepking 簿记 ) L# r/ Y/ x: C. Y0 j2 Q
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 - N, j( i/ M' k. Y
Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书
0 Y0 R/ d5 _+ ?& qCertificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
, I1 E+ M4 O9 S5 J5 v# BCertificate Public Accountant注册会计师
) X3 f. R$ h+ r; }Cost accounting 成本会计 9 O% b) u/ m% s5 t+ E' C" r
External users 外部使用者 # B* u1 \3 G, h7 d6 M
Financial accounting 财务会计
+ p3 Q7 T' A0 F* P" ~Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 1 ^$ \' Y$ _2 w; k( S( ]
Financial forecast 财务预测 4 r9 S$ w) \( [/ \0 _% O( k
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
" L) e# D9 E+ S+ f2 oGeneral-purpose information 通用目的信息 ) {( {% y5 r! N6 j+ _5 v
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
' v! l6 q, H5 C* O! VIncome statement 损益表
3 D& F9 D$ I3 I5 ~, ZInstitute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
, |- _/ O: W# w6 o' I& ^Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 : O! \3 w3 l% D8 k+ `$ G3 @2 \
Integrity 整合性
+ W' ^8 T2 O s! |$ A9 z% aInternal auditing 内部审计
; [. c% m$ c! t, g% [* `+ s- LInternal control structure 内部控制结构 # ]& M. U3 R7 q( H) o" ~
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
+ _4 j2 @& n' s7 }+ t H: K% cInternal users 内部使用者 , }' X" Y! j# w
Management accounting 管理会计
7 J, _! I4 |) I AReturn of investment 投资回报 j' P# f+ v" S8 s4 [
Return on investment 投资报酬 : \% f2 s9 M, r0 `6 X, ]: K$ z0 ~
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
1 Y! S- t/ y( c: q- uStatement of cash flow 现金流量表 6 F6 d+ z2 S. \, P
Statement of financial position 财务状况表 % ~4 p" Y8 X7 g9 o0 a
Tax accounting 税务会计 & O& {- U9 {/ A# K* N5 c
Accounting equation 会计等式 * x/ X# a7 n/ e+ X" V
Articulation 勾稽关系 * z$ J! Z1 U8 U( ?' @. e6 [/ e9 ~
Assets 资产 2 E- [9 {- K* u8 P, C# U; ^
Business entity 企业个体 ' M0 R$ I( c5 a& T
Capital stock 股本
' p) u0 V4 p m" t" j. YCorporation 公司
9 ^/ L( h& S, Z% ~* A# HCost principle 成本原则 u; m7 G3 D2 I1 y( P5 X6 c0 m
Creditor 债权人
9 p0 ?6 {6 f: Y7 ?: ]# Q% SDeflation 通货紧缩
+ B0 a* n; ~; B) C& DDisclosure 批露 ) S- }. \" ?* B5 j
Expenses 费用
) [8 `: E4 ?. c( EFinancial statement 财务报表 + `5 b2 b% V, w- }% D8 o
Financial activities 筹资活动
% m4 ?& h1 V6 {* {! n' C/ TGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设
# Z, b! S) l! d4 c0 ?+ SInflation 通货膨涨
) x. \$ B, s0 r" kInvesting activities 投资活动
7 a0 B& g& Q4 Q: G8 M3 g, U; iLiabilities 负债 : j' L% G Q& n9 W5 O/ i: ?
Negative cash flow 负现金流量 $ f0 k0 q4 f- }8 U) [8 G
Operating activities 经营活动 ! O8 C# ~: @# M+ l0 Y$ v
Owner's equity 所有者权益
: l! p+ l) Z3 xPartnership 合伙企业 / e3 i/ \5 N8 o# b* ^. g+ Z
Positive cash flow 正现金流量 : A, o% I8 z! A5 `5 @/ F
Retained earning 留存利润
9 `0 i. }: X4 [5 oRevenue 收入 6 ~" d' G4 i0 |4 y/ v6 z
Sole proprietorship 独资企业 ) b! e3 @- U+ O" u& }$ Q0 g
Solvency 清偿能力
/ W% r4 R- G9 |0 ?4 b0 Z2 X& nStable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
- ~# D0 b9 a1 N$ sStockholders 股东
7 [( F2 h" D4 XStockholders' equity 股东权益 ( q' o0 E. v! o' g
Window dressing 门面粉饰 6 z/ k4 I) d4 r7 ~; x5 T
Account 帐户
* Z U1 a+ V% A2 D+ d e
% t! d" O4 n1 i/ X8 M5 \! K( H) w0 p
j( T$ d$ W6 ]主营业务收入 Sales 0 x! }. q# P6 E1 |- }+ X- {6 C
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance 4 a! `/ E. f5 N
' P& @" [) S# A+ C产品销售收入净额 NET SALES
9 ?! \2 s5 g- l' n- |* J
; }' P# v6 \! F主营业务成本 Cost of sales
5 Z8 X3 b9 w- e( E; X& } f( x主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax 2 m3 g+ L. v& G, L7 d
3 @ b+ N) @ s! j. {) u/ [主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT 6 i6 ^6 A# A2 {5 i/ [2 D
. ?/ |2 w9 t9 X+ V* Z# I* Y
其他业务利润 Other operating profit
* G: P+ _1 D0 V1 Z$ P$ { o
@3 m, b' i7 k9 g' W营业费用 Operating expenses
; I" M9 e; X6 A4 y# S" _管理费用 General and administrative expenses + @% @/ @2 G- b% Q( {
财务费用 Financial expenses G K1 \. K7 G9 Y3 V2 d
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks ) I# `& i1 i0 V. p: N
0 |. r) \8 A0 s营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
9 z* b, X9 w% z& p- | , [7 ?& `% l- d# L ?
投资收益 Investment income
- @0 I: x3 X8 b) b8 W& c" m补贴收入 Subsidy income 2 Z, i! b4 r- T9 A1 A
营业外收入 Non-operating income u) Z- e* ? H/ M
营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
) K# w; R, t- n% m* D. S$ J以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR
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! q3 r2 J. n) b5 m- ?所得税 Income tax $ l. a- R' c- C d9 p3 b! h
# Z+ V4 c7 _ W本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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