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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯% l6 ?% H1 G3 z
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。6 W" _$ g3 ]3 ]! V2 b
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!6 B9 g3 m+ ~$ v9 K9 H
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(1) empty suit:9 q9 ~( p  v2 X- i( @) j
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。+ d) a  L( o  N4 ]6 v5 I5 l% u
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)" z9 b& u% b7 Z, R8 ^
例如:0 ^6 `7 B  Y; t/ l! u
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
4 I8 Z0 G) |2 ~(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
: s$ X/ m+ x7 u. \2 U+ ]Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.4 `; C/ [- o0 [$ W
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
# u) `3 |' F8 H虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:+ }  H' ?+ I& ^5 _& i
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.4 c. q: {7 g6 L* ?. Z5 M) s
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
& i' g4 d( Q4 f) R(2) fair-haired boy:4 t6 J3 b1 d* z8 w- [
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)) W# A1 e) P' X; [0 j5 {9 N
(通常用单数,当名词用)* k3 \' d; T9 K) g; {
例如:$ n+ m+ I1 L" }: ?4 z
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent./ v1 }2 E5 J5 \1 c5 M0 w- k
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
0 j3 o0 ]- o5 ^; u. E7 F- qNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.' ]( f% j% A* A3 s
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
  d6 O$ }# \% E. I- r7 E有时也可用复数:
% l. ?5 X9 i3 x. b7 R( ^" a) m% EMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.2 H3 @2 T& @( {( c, |5 E
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
6 y# E3 [6 O3 V. }- `* LFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.  z2 J; u8 o2 h/ l4 Y. ~! T* W
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
8 D# Q5 a% d4 ~2 I$ ~3 C1 o' _(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法): \' g. a8 ^* J! v, a& K
(3) fishing expedition:
' @! k" ~$ q/ L$ q为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)9 P: X% T* c% Z4 U; M# v7 q
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
$ b) Z& T8 x- e例如:
1 h3 b& ~! ^) t) n. SThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
1 Y7 v3 \) _) a# ?8 O/ K7 R(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
: r% j! v2 u% }; U: IThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
" s5 j/ H9 }/ a2 Z  l. B(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。). ?) w; L  ^+ h
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)4 y7 K% t9 m* f7 g1 K% t( J8 b) f: w2 c
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.% z3 W" c' p# K& J  P6 L' M
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
' r0 O" J0 s" ^  m偶尔也有人用复数:
. K  ~5 b+ ?( c  O8 Z+ V2 uSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
$ j, U3 a4 Z' _. K) N(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
0 P5 l$ O' ~, I% j/ d2 f( K(4) filthy rich:6 l/ ]; z6 a) M6 C6 }$ O3 j
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)! ~( Y3 k  [, ^* a& f, Q4 s
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)0 i9 `7 `6 W9 b/ j
多半当形容词用。例如:
5 Q' S& i- {  n. r; cWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.1 N5 j9 ]. a1 U: b9 o3 [, g" p
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 v1 K. g' I, h0 L1 M$ CDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
, G8 R  @  X% S(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)4 f  l& }* O) }
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
7 p' U- O0 j4 W(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
3 c$ F' x# ]7 @  b" A: N3 F+ [/ eFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
* \: G, a4 L2 C/ W/ g5 Q(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)& R5 h; _, u. H$ m# j7 s/ X
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)5 ]5 l7 j) B) o
(5) fairy godmother:. x3 Z# I1 i. ?; l8 w7 X
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
6 P$ J! t, x4 l$ t% T(多半指有钱的女人)
0 x. j7 D) t8 l(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:$ t' Z! K! a* N2 k2 M. {8 ^
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.$ o2 ^6 N. C0 s
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)' y; b: B7 P. f8 g
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
% Z& {2 ]9 z0 I4 l(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。); N  D; |8 S- R5 G. N: z, V2 W4 Q
有时也用复数:
% f! o' K/ ]" A4 e, _Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.: k' t4 P2 x8 n. ?+ M' r9 y! Z" x! i, v
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
' I& J& @# S% ?, VIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.0 t/ p+ G1 \, G6 j/ K; e4 G( x
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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: {" J" l3 ?  n+ ~* c7 w3 [6)eye opener:3 V$ d4 o- T! H: x+ M( x
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
6 b/ v# p7 k7 g' D5 }; ^, r6 x(当名词用;通常只用单数)7 G: I/ U  l, Q$ [. P6 Z* F
例如:
. `/ `8 z2 A! D* }7 F) C. RYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& F6 d" m  |' U6 w
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)- z. A3 Y9 Q) l& J5 a6 |
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.8 }6 [3 M8 N( {5 ~7 R. U
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
) s2 T: V& a% ]" p% k, `The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
$ q7 A& P6 w! X+ c! F(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
3 y5 b% b7 B9 }+ I& T% OSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
- ^4 r$ m- j' ~7 ^(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
; v1 k1 [7 |; C% a  e8 S(7) hot dog:: W+ o" t. I0 ~' l% L& r: T
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)) j- _# V- ~8 J
例如:3 E4 }1 k% l1 t2 p. o
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.3 |) M$ n6 O, b. E
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
; v7 i: {* h, Q6 u2 ^$ J# K. |9 g0 ~(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
& T" h! e6 M+ w: L6 c2 ?+ p; JIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog./ o5 Q  b  n! y* L9 k8 |) k4 \
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。). `6 m6 y/ Y2 |9 E- F" z, N
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
( l) [) L3 k. T- Z9 TDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.+ y% o% {0 d! @) P7 f
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
% `# W' `; Y; ^) b% k也指真正的热狗食物:
# J4 }# b1 S# w( J; t2 WThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
- t; [0 `8 O+ _0 z(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。), \% X) A5 {$ B/ r. b
也可表达欣赏的心情:7 |' N* f  @( B4 z! D- x8 m- e1 j7 B
Hot dog ! What great news for me.  l% @* Y  e& s: x
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
! \: q: A6 P! N( t2 c1 x8 O  C(8)eager beaver:
" o! r( y1 ^. g) m7 x- y  i- P% ?指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)- ?2 X3 ?6 W9 j$ M( t9 o$ J) d6 Y
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
$ w2 B$ v9 U7 |2 q9 m2 J(当名词用,可指男女)
  h1 G0 S/ f  n( \& L例如:
* o  f- i8 X; G3 _$ V) ?John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
' h+ ?+ a  j% j(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。); s7 |: s7 v5 U. L8 F" @# B9 d1 [4 c
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.1 R+ T' i( U, H& m# V
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
4 K! w# z* N, U5 x# R: {" RDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
+ `$ @# a& f+ C* t' m. b8 @(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)* i: q  y  ], `4 v
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
( k+ ~. W0 q$ `5 a/ `4 ](在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。); K1 F4 y7 w* o0 ?! v/ |
(9)doubting Thomas:, Q' [0 ~3 ]* T0 z& B
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
  b8 C5 Z  f7 z* Q* g(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
/ W- H( x6 r0 p" |" W  \+ v/ D( a% Q3 y(当名词用)
1 d7 b' o. g. r1 L例如:
3 A( [# s% S5 b6 u6 D% ~I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.0 c9 X$ A- u8 Y" Y
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)# E% z6 ~; E# w% K  a
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.8 O+ @; E6 w4 K; T/ [( \
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
  A; g9 R, Q; i# N( j9 `: R也可用复数:
* [3 \% ]0 z7 n% KMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
8 W% b. ^9 o4 A3 |! {(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)+ C# p! b7 H+ H  M; D
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
  E( j9 [2 `0 Z' {  R% [(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。); i* q) E3 q* o
(10)dragon lady:
; ]& i: e) s+ @  v7 M$ L7 b9 ~指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
/ q9 ?3 n; x' }& K) o例如:, ^8 ~. K7 e" Y. U
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
4 Z5 u9 {7 H- U$ k7 K/ n# V(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
. O9 h8 L) O9 _3 U) @) X# t) _2 _I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.4 p5 g2 {& U, r% r+ y0 \$ [
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)8 C5 D+ D' O9 o  o
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
0 W" _3 B6 i6 s1 V" Z(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)! d/ L, a2 Y, z/ y- Z, e% H1 ?; u0 a5 P) i
也可用复数:
1 Z/ @, ~4 F) l( b$ JThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.5 |6 W6 y- u8 p7 I# O
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)1 b; i. K5 j$ ?: P# T( V! m
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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