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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
7 Z* s% W _: V' H之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
; t% r0 h7 K% C) n- u# I/ M! H1 f( r若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!* s. d, @4 j3 i9 q- j @/ F- q
. L+ H0 ^' T8 \2 f$ A(1) empty suit:2 W- m" m6 X& e3 C) i
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。& [! b @) e: L* @' D1 K+ z
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)! O% [) f2 C( l$ D1 z. U
例如:
0 G5 F7 r4 O$ G/ b3 j7 }9 G0 nAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
# i# O; G* u5 Q& a(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。). }( o* ?" D& G( Q3 G+ i1 f
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
" [4 G3 ?- @5 V9 R9 b(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
( L9 g8 J" R( l" x K- L4 ?虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:2 p! w) |* B# g: z" h
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.) o j# p7 ?5 N8 H% _0 m
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
4 P% N' K1 ~ z4 g0 ?8 i0 B(2) fair-haired boy:
" f) e, n: A! g/ |+ X指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
- |* T1 ^2 m6 [$ o" q( N(通常用单数,当名词用)
7 i1 C. b/ R: O' X5 O例如:
( W* }1 d4 f. H7 ^Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.4 Z2 ^5 c( b' H. K
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
/ @- R, @) S$ Z7 L9 eNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
" ?2 T* D/ M# o/ j" v(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
- R% U" K) n+ l% b- u有时也可用复数:
8 M: I9 ?; }) a, J L0 k, ?Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
( m, P9 {/ C C(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)& Z1 l# E+ g8 Y% k3 D7 |0 o
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.( A: w! q' |- R: q+ l" ? }" m$ I' I" u
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)* K) J w: \5 O2 D! t: {
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)- c! m) c' ~. F# h; H5 n y5 {
(3) fishing expedition:
# W( L' Q1 y) p8 B为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)5 @3 w, K' P3 b* }9 A* ^& z6 `% o
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)2 l: m1 l4 M" M; p+ r( f
例如:9 P: G3 U5 C) j
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.8 C- C @) C3 [4 h( F
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)& C. o2 y. X$ P* C4 Q( E- B8 s
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
. p# r: }4 E) S8 e(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
% x) l! D: W! \- Y/ h( r5 y(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
1 f, Z+ I$ f# D9 s4 QThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
+ H( K6 t1 @( W; I9 J' K, C% Y7 K# \(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)7 v. z y5 d7 X! ~
偶尔也有人用复数:
% e5 R$ M+ J; ySeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.' q' C1 v9 T" I" _
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
9 q: \: t! {& |; p/ m(4) filthy rich:7 y0 `! K( a) s8 Y5 O3 y h9 b3 ]
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)( J5 }+ s+ x5 ]$ Y+ l+ J
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
0 o: V' L% k5 d8 _* f多半当形容词用。例如:
: \6 x6 T) n7 d8 nWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.! t7 w# {. Y2 w9 N
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)3 |% v4 i+ a# R; ]9 r
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.$ q& l: K6 Z7 H" q( P. I9 Y
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。); V* w; [ ?: k5 c \
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
4 m5 m4 n, B! } a(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: H7 S# [ \5 Y7 s1 c( J6 jFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.1 m. r5 L- @9 X
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
% x3 m* T" w' a(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)4 A" a% i5 e2 L) [2 O5 z6 J& D
(5) fairy godmother:
" R: K' t3 L; z% w8 m# O" w# R; [ `8 E4 h指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
( X+ p& ~( P: u3 P(多半指有钱的女人)
9 F8 Q+ Z3 Q8 h% Q% j' o(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
% l1 b$ C! ^" u! }8 jMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
7 U) t# n: E0 z, R' f(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
" w2 z4 ~1 t! r5 o* ` yAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ u2 M* Z, ~# e' _1 G* p(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
7 @1 Q; A: j4 Z% F有时也用复数:; \4 ^1 S& V! Q7 D7 q9 J8 a
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
0 l+ _& O. A" ~. B3 T(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)2 k7 n: u9 e: f+ }
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.* T% T( x$ Z% c- V# H2 a
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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, N# @& O- v5 m$ f2 R$ O6)eye opener:# [+ o. r7 @! D+ B4 p" I+ v2 E
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)0 a m6 B! b* j) T4 v8 ^
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
% J' a. O5 v: f$ B例如: G& \2 ^* M" j) L& n2 `
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
. y/ R. f$ \ ]. z n, f9 l$ I8 F(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
: z! a% O3 A' L+ sMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.) T& o/ z2 _7 o' T
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)& s. n# @4 U6 r" h9 F
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.& E8 S* @" P" n. {* ]
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。): V2 y6 V! K- o, }+ z* O" n, v
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.2 D H1 [" m( T4 u5 R
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。). o `9 V& |& f. ~. o* T
(7) hot dog:" p0 c5 B5 y$ n$ ?! H/ h5 D
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)" `! }& ~. ?+ q2 ]2 v# j; ^# y
例如:
0 {& l; `5 c* s1 Q& g& e1 mSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.8 E) s6 G9 f u" z) E# T) w. l5 x
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
3 y4 {5 V. @0 L5 G! A- j(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
- o' l: h9 H' A7 i0 VIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.- S1 s6 ?* c) b# Z. i8 Q0 M! F9 k/ K
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)& ^# J' _: g+ Y9 `$ T
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)* h+ U/ W* Z6 ]6 x& X
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.$ H8 ?% g4 s# M6 @
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)' R4 X& k& ~9 C. ^( ^! E: M, @, G
也指真正的热狗食物:( n- l/ K$ ~4 W4 {
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S., N* U$ C& ]; k6 l4 u0 D
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
* _5 i! D) N$ x9 t也可表达欣赏的心情:
$ S* y! m4 O& r+ Q8 d/ {Hot dog ! What great news for me.
4 b! S0 {1 n: d+ q, ^(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
% X! [+ Z- n3 T7 w6 n(8)eager beaver:1 C6 e: \# L- u; k2 v, b
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
: w) D- R" l. P9 H6 p(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
& O- i I! x0 z2 V(当名词用,可指男女)
; q& p: C: k9 f例如:0 b! T4 S+ `5 U4 `6 c u' \/ z- S
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.* R0 ^3 W( _% q6 u
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
! T k1 _+ P9 z/ c0 x! VBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.! y& B" S: J2 E7 h/ T- B0 |- ?: }* |
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)) t! i1 k: z, T" P& l
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?; i, U7 \" e4 O8 E" V
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?); l' W6 u/ ]9 ]6 U% I! h! Z
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.- z7 i( v k' o3 A8 n) K5 S6 b
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)4 D7 F9 ?8 s9 w; M; J) g
(9)doubting Thomas:
a# s ~# E) K. e" N这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)+ u% d* V9 V$ u+ i+ q
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
1 c4 i' ?: W3 R: B8 E(当名词用)* g( q" I' d. e$ Y, R( N1 \4 S
例如:) X+ B r, s1 f: Z, }
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
6 J( ~' E0 I+ }(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)! S. N: N+ L+ F/ z7 n, o
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
8 B7 X. @; r/ `7 y(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)" \/ z& ~8 N; N. d9 }$ Y
也可用复数:
7 }: j: z- c* U& x; TMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.8 F5 F9 ^4 [4 E8 `7 \; X
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)* l6 K3 i0 [ B4 d+ F8 `$ ^% {
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.! v, ?/ Z |, d B& q4 n
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)$ h; [ \9 u4 G- m: ~& K
(10)dragon lady:1 H5 o; w# ~% L8 J2 D( K; G
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
" Y+ w/ j ~2 A# k( `例如:, s- k6 K5 A0 f5 W& r; t4 p
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
4 o8 H: K' Y% D* |" Y2 m$ D/ E/ J G(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)# A) B J+ |/ F9 X$ ~) ~6 P8 b
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.2 M. S( d! J$ h" C* z
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
4 o5 ^) P0 q" b: z% o8 H/ E* b' bShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
' |. O! _3 {- n7 G0 W2 {: N* F(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?) ]1 ?1 Z; |- ]* A' z/ q( d z. y E
也可用复数:
. d( B; ?+ x5 \9 dThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; M- R( r+ Z$ |# o+ D(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)9 J4 D) w4 [0 d
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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