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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语6 G, ~/ }% E! l
% t% ]3 A1 P7 m- `% q3 n8 @. k

$ N! P$ S( v  e1 r, a在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯, G9 G5 [% u6 i7 }! s, h
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
7 l% D3 Z  u3 ^9 O% p若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
2 p# z; D' U; g% [* S/ H
) U* a: \6 P1 P& B6 B+ i(1) empty suit:0 r' Y* P: [6 G, {! W" u' n
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
* k' X# v8 {2 M# J' |* p6 J(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。). ?5 r: c9 o0 i
例如:
# k* D+ }  |( ^; VAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.* ~/ S! |* }8 ]
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
1 L) j1 U7 [* g, S2 K- f, k: GMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
; c* d! D+ q1 c8 a# S(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)* o- ~: n5 h& B. |) w
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:' w- w8 \/ l+ A- m% s# m* r5 l
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
- O2 X; s: |' B! [7 B8 Z& g(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人), q; d$ G! v- M5 R$ }( s, a  X
(2) fair-haired boy:! B0 Q" l2 y: z4 B& K
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
* I1 Q' @: m$ {& q( [(通常用单数,当名词用)
" @3 [" }1 ]- L% q7 x+ N例如:
' j" n& [0 n( J+ @) N- C, }Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
! c, }9 y0 e5 k% L. T( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
: c% D8 Y: i8 Y+ ?1 oNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.  K2 e  U, q8 g
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)4 ~8 ?4 ~0 z0 T( j* l' r, {
有时也可用复数:
: l& a* i8 g6 e" H/ L0 q" @6 Z+ YMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.. P; |& `( F' E1 v2 {
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
& y, S% W& Z! H0 O$ EFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.3 h/ F5 B7 E5 c) k
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)" K+ j1 P& A: Q, W" z, H
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
3 M' M- W" E  o  b(3) fishing expedition:$ S# @" p- f3 E3 l! C3 l
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
2 R# y# V& l% B8 e4 K(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
& i5 N- W* F0 S# v7 Z: V例如:# {4 m* z9 X7 k5 d6 }& F
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
* X# M: L) _" [(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
( L0 X/ t/ _+ v! f; o; jThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
2 [- u; {2 ]% ]' z(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
7 H; w7 w. D2 i5 G# q) c" [(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
5 x& i( o- V, j1 PThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.. O5 _% B/ r* z6 ^  `& @) E
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
% }9 t9 d+ s; X; n2 N偶尔也有人用复数:
. p3 H, F+ e2 G2 JSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.( w5 |9 F0 ]$ M) s4 {
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)# s! z5 z) w$ y7 k- i
(4) filthy rich:* U8 N6 D, \9 z4 @( n) d* V
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
7 [: L8 Q% A7 r/ z: A; ?2 z* a(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)8 {9 |3 u0 g2 T0 l+ u1 Z
多半当形容词用。例如:
! X+ _. @4 s) |% e: C+ qWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.; t2 ]0 Z/ G$ ?+ g; [1 h- \
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)6 }0 ?& [/ g, x  S
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.% \; B8 g0 ~5 q
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
. E2 ^, S* T- M! w4 f6 t# V" h* bA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
( n6 M. u; K$ p! e" W(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
+ S9 Y! X. N2 U4 P) O3 N: MFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.& [' _0 W5 ^6 f( h! C1 y2 m
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
, o/ o; Q( |1 a(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
( [/ s* x% m& W/ g; p% {(5) fairy godmother:
  P$ t% Q. z& |; R; E* a. O" ]& W指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
$ b0 W; i- v& }( ~' ?) O(多半指有钱的女人)$ n9 @/ s# [1 m, b
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:  E6 r: H: o$ ?* `7 h* C6 r
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
+ v+ Z( |# k+ {" y1 R(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)& U( \, ]  g- n' M! d
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ J8 g1 O5 h7 W, ?9 w8 H(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)& b8 C& f# Q8 O. S/ d9 n* x+ u
有时也用复数:0 \3 U( {# v" ]5 l  b- u* y
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.  Z1 @* P1 d. v
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。): F! E: e0 P) `& s: m; V: C, M5 O
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.+ Y' K1 ~  H% Z! k7 ]8 i
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)- r& e: p9 p. S: E7 s  q/ o! S5 j2 A
  M3 a! e9 P/ e4 I

: f2 v) r0 t7 G& W6)eye opener:8 |6 A- x, y5 W: e
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)) z% f: t2 @0 j# k0 ~& u- D
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
0 X  x0 O4 @0 |) G3 a8 f/ A8 ]例如:
# z$ y$ z* j6 X( r2 c+ `Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.  x4 @3 `* i/ d+ S' X
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)' y* i* ^0 m! d! p8 ~
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.3 x& a) W: |3 w1 D
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
* n4 L8 w5 P! p; gThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.4 H  q( P( B( B- S
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)2 _0 P* Z' j' }- R
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.* k8 j* y9 M% ]& S6 b  }
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
3 E7 I% i  [& Z" l$ J4 l9 x$ K+ C(7) hot dog:6 Q* G% }  o' M. w# F
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
. n; g2 L9 I/ e) u  W例如:  V! \* i( ^; c$ r: K
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time." N! G; ?+ m) E( |) _9 V/ ^7 k
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
% n2 J9 K6 F) M6 e3 M(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
2 }* `" d8 r, g" |In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.! E0 p$ ~, W: K' C7 t) ^# v
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
, l# U7 P- o& z/ [6 B% d( d(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)  X& M% h/ s6 f+ A+ r
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
; l. R; }; R7 ~( ?7 G# k5 d3 L(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。). w) `. A. h5 T1 X7 |9 }; r+ H! x
也指真正的热狗食物:/ w( V, v/ {% b& b# Z: q$ K
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
9 c3 O/ Y4 O1 J1 H- Q: H2 f0 r+ ^3 d(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。). b! C( v6 [& ~0 R
也可表达欣赏的心情:+ U% j  Q- ^; \( c
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
2 G8 l2 Y1 o% l( @* \- d(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
% Q; D0 q- S( j(8)eager beaver:! H8 E  q) h+ {4 u! K# [. m& e
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)" N: [# K+ a4 y4 T
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)0 K1 y$ _1 g# u2 R$ m$ C0 B- \
(当名词用,可指男女)
- C" |* S+ K. Q. [$ ]" P9 X例如:! Y2 D0 v4 q1 |2 K3 w9 v, B, h
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
+ f3 y) _* a& A2 H(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)# b" h- {  N; X! A6 u* E. a
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
  S# ^( a9 L! S! P(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
0 \) ]$ P, L% D; N5 FDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
5 `7 ]6 o& c; \" m) Q' E(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
# K; j) k7 F5 @3 IYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.5 h3 n5 O8 F  K. Y0 W$ x+ i9 v: q
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)& Q5 B& v6 H; w/ f8 d: D" x
(9)doubting Thomas:  G8 ~( c; v1 b) ?, r2 D" P; v
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)& \* {7 P/ n' i) z6 o
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
: h: Q3 {6 C$ ~4 W) ^* W) p; }+ x(当名词用)
: i4 L, X' z7 M  f例如:
! t4 @; U4 c  Q4 B: S- WI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.% C2 j# k6 c! W, @. I. Q  I) f
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
( U" X/ Y+ J7 \There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
$ S! x) W/ ~6 T6 ^7 c, ?- R3 X' S(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)+ \  n2 @% k. h/ M+ a" I' [
也可用复数:, m6 X% J; o* }: X: ?
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
' }  S8 f% N! B- X8 @(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)  O& h! m) u+ n/ F/ }
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
9 ~$ T- v0 P8 |- d' k2 e* U# @(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)/ Z: W0 X% ]/ ]$ y% Y2 _" t, [
(10)dragon lady:4 e4 Z* G  X" @% y: h
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)8 y9 u. R( F* c: ?7 ~$ }
例如:
% P) E& v5 f4 c; H* b4 p9 m+ nThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.0 [% p/ L" @2 r; y- s+ c9 k
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
7 c3 {! H" t" Q: UI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.+ D) R5 e& Q4 N- N* D
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
- }; C8 \2 C3 Y0 z3 a0 GShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?, v6 |+ F- ?0 M# `
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?): E, G5 I& E( i1 l& S
也可用复数:0 d( Q' _1 v' r6 p
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.: B% ^/ @- G# |
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。): G& e2 W+ f+ G7 i* {' p* v; A
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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