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谈英语俚语0 E5 V4 R, \, ~/ C; C4 u
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& O. z) J9 [! O& T. i1 O2 h在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯# b. ~5 |) |# b9 Y7 ~
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
+ x! K, u! c4 f5 w$ h1 `0 t. J4 o# j若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
% H1 p" Q; o4 P; S) {1 l( F* @! j指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。1 c; k. l% |9 Y$ F
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
( M4 [' `/ r; d: t例如:
; _4 s4 j$ R7 X1 ^# ~An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
3 i* D; _" D& h+ S; Q9 }( e(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
+ J8 F: J% E5 v6 F' V3 AMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.. {) f; e& C1 X+ L$ c/ t; O
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
8 V. k( f7 N3 `! M# s L9 b ?5 p8 A$ ]虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:' B: j* p" G y" z& }; `2 V( [
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.- K' A" V) D- e$ \& _
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)0 V0 }$ t, p7 |$ D5 M
(2) fair-haired boy:
. b3 s5 r! V8 ?+ y/ d0 T* e指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
+ S! u2 t i* n9 d k# Y(通常用单数,当名词用)
5 K$ x% l* S$ B/ I2 J* C: N- I5 y例如:) O# o4 K+ o% l, {; m
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
4 y% G/ b* b7 V# M( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
& N2 ~! `+ H X* E4 ONot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
, s$ x* A/ b% z* y6 C4 ?& Y h3 r(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。), \5 E( J% o% L" o Y q
有时也可用复数:
& `9 K5 ]# i+ b( j. Z5 n8 {8 `+ p# gMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.; h8 N8 M( o5 k& G" X: {1 ]
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
) B" @0 v$ m+ l8 _2 ?5 jFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses./ C9 P7 g2 f4 J, }8 ~& I
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
* D2 x8 q* X+ y6 t(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
- O Y8 I4 a: P& g {(3) fishing expedition:
2 Y8 N7 [: l8 @为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
" I& N& K, A3 @( D3 E/ j9 @(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
6 V9 v2 l8 }* H' S0 b) J例如:& ^# z5 `' {3 k# k& r: u
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
) C0 } `# W& L4 S(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
" d# H0 n# }+ i) l! DThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.: c# j9 {- T2 Y! z
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
; a# | m: s* D: o% K* A(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)$ M+ I4 I" \3 M; U
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
$ B |0 I( R* ^: E U0 g) _, ?* B(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。): K; T" }$ B3 J) m l- B
偶尔也有人用复数:
) j' L# |4 E2 H/ iSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
% k' H/ M6 z9 Z+ e. V(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)9 w$ T' ^) m& K0 F, @4 G/ F
(4) filthy rich:' B: T( s f6 {% x/ M; ^
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
8 \9 C, \" p. n( W6 u(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
# U4 B/ F, N& Y8 Z1 T1 r4 K3 j多半当形容词用。例如:
' `4 c0 [4 @' I, r# }1 ?; uWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
8 M, K2 K, p) W: {: z; S6 y" f( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)* U4 n( p% U, X9 Z) A" u* m7 `
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
2 C! N9 T$ ]) u+ K7 o# l7 F(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
. z; ^' e& |6 y% bA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
% u3 j4 Q& P, v+ s h(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
H! Z, \4 m5 B- ?# B# I+ p" UFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.' k! x. A3 O) j2 J7 }9 @$ E; l
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)5 E& a% J; \& ~
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
O, B9 R8 c. ~0 w(5) fairy godmother:
! {% L- M0 o) g9 z指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
, v$ G8 B8 I. b- y5 t(多半指有钱的女人)0 c+ P; C) |; B4 W. y0 s
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:1 g* K8 j% A! M' B- i
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.' M" }" y0 X0 H4 n1 ^, b5 h
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。): e! Z2 @6 |# n% G _6 N
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
6 ^! w7 k. V" V/ C; E \- C7 D5 U! b/ S(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)$ ]$ w* v: ^7 s6 ]+ M |
有时也用复数:1 C% d" T- @4 R7 x; n. c1 j: D% \
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.1 A* n3 P5 x+ P( N+ ^6 ?. N6 }
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
+ g5 Z: {9 b# y- sIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.' n. e, ^ |) r3 `( r- p3 r
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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( o q: \9 Y& r6)eye opener:7 a6 Q4 w w$ U4 B" k
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)6 ]: \+ g% T! o- ^$ g
(当名词用;通常只用单数)3 \& Z% m& ~& a4 W1 v1 F
例如:
5 p$ V9 U& q6 c; }; Z& ^Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.3 P: k0 T% @7 |# n' w
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)) T8 y, d$ C8 a# Y" a
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
7 R! m: |! C: f3 T5 ^$ K, x(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
2 z$ U* l3 q9 J: uThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
. |, y& l3 L( t, x' q- s u& c(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
/ T5 S6 ^) r: J7 Q' v0 iSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.* x5 K8 m" `" K
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)3 E/ Y4 _9 Y. r; t3 \. J
(7) hot dog:% {$ f! y" X2 E( U
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用); d, `. y, O$ q' z( z% d
例如:0 g. T' a E. s
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.$ H2 h) s9 B0 J2 A5 m; J1 f/ @( P
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
5 p9 x( E5 N I+ o6 T& a# o) M# u(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
) Y1 a) |. A h, @# S$ o. KIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.4 |2 _. c4 }% O- z! o
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
7 _. @* Q. `3 E' t1 _6 y' [4 `/ J/ V(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
6 i7 F! n& E' ]8 _During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
* ~+ Z- ^0 {5 b. y$ O(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
9 h+ l* {2 T" R9 ^也指真正的热狗食物:
( O' V5 I/ _- U% m: r, oThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.5 D5 f2 y% n& K8 e7 p
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
2 @4 n6 A. f- v7 v* n% x也可表达欣赏的心情:# D2 k2 a2 ? U, K, A1 N
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
8 m- o+ s |/ ]+ G1 s(真棒!对我来说是好消息。); s. e& ~- i7 S
(8)eager beaver:
/ G! {/ K6 P5 F# n7 p1 @指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
6 K7 `, a/ o D+ X- X; S(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)2 z+ P: M8 R( Q- [* W9 \
(当名词用,可指男女)
' J, @4 h+ A' e, I; {) J例如:% h. n# `7 h+ d6 P
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.' F: ^5 q7 _5 g9 G6 [$ M
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
1 O/ M$ r7 r4 D3 YBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.+ Y7 t3 ~1 j. |" Z
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
# v x( v; W% k( y% c: J" @Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
7 c( N3 _ p. D5 y7 A f; ^(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)" a8 w6 n( p4 h/ F( r Y
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
! _ F; ] l" K" w: [, l7 i(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
: _! b0 _' M, F$ G6 S5 ](9)doubting Thomas:
1 D" a k- B1 v8 d这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
; q# X2 {7 K6 D" M0 v+ U; O(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
: f: K$ Z% X3 R: k(当名词用)
( P$ M1 w7 K7 t) C例如:
* @$ H' U5 R! m( {7 T8 m% [I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
6 I- v- O1 x4 e- R6 W( L(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
$ r+ J/ t5 O( S' IThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.7 G* ~0 b9 i/ ]7 |, [/ `# m
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
6 j/ ]; \2 }: a" C0 N- ]也可用复数:
+ ~! `2 C# H: B9 \$ n6 S) {My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.# B7 i' I; u( Z; b$ U
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
2 Q) s2 M( O$ k' ], N7 zIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
9 H7 N. I# F/ P$ O1 V(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
& D0 i6 o8 c6 R0 A- Y(10)dragon lady:! n1 n& E6 n- ^, O7 r- v
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)) `- S$ C M* _& q7 p" c
例如:9 ?; h; [- s, X, [* B7 ]9 L
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.- t$ k" t: M- t' T0 z& B: V5 W
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。) t% @9 A3 ^4 e6 |0 b
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.2 f$ S! d' q1 b: O+ |
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
8 K4 U0 b& S9 |! ~# \Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?' O6 R. k' H2 s- P" K+ \7 s, _9 w
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
% y% F& x# N% V! C也可用复数:' [0 d- E4 B+ T9 H- N: f& ^
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.5 o9 X% q8 x& o+ P" s" Y* \ ^3 r
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。). R: D/ I$ O* t: o, I, ^
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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