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How to figure a home's fundamental value
& d1 u5 V$ K$ D3 nLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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7 W& w3 m( C8 q( X; Y3 X. b8 Z VLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:/ K- a t3 I& V7 B7 }
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27." H2 d: X1 B: `1 b* E
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
[/ U0 N4 ^. oNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.$ Z$ p# V3 Y+ j
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 2 s g$ k% ?0 B% n. ]
: j, G' v4 F5 H9 @$ LIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.4 `6 z" Q' q5 ] z0 M
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.. [4 F9 z" e! s: g9 j& a( `
5 }" q" n; R& ^" g% O1 C Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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5 a" k' P v8 ABoston 20.5 30.2
7 m' f" C* C. Q- DSan Diego 22.8 29.7
! f; L4 w$ O- b5 k4 mSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
! s3 A% s+ p3 Q+ a# y! O3 d3 H9 BLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 ) p* L ~+ ]% R- C- O
Seattle 20.4 25 + [6 t0 `8 q% K+ g7 \
Denver 17.7 23.7 " A$ w( `- }: d0 h
New York 21.2 22.5
$ A6 O) L# n! m% X* aChicago 17.2 20.8
- L t0 \/ [' J" Z- N7 g" _Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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7 m* u9 A, l3 q+ a. q$ r @It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.. y! v/ P6 c9 E$ R6 f
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) I( t. \' c' E( g* A1 d8 BFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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