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How to figure a home's fundamental value' ?" p5 j/ N+ W5 N2 R
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.! i4 q/ w8 O& B1 O
8 K- n( D! y0 S: sNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.1 k) A% S+ T9 M" I1 T2 q
5 e) K N: i4 h0 rLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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9 P5 |' C. T3 V$ w1 eTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:5 K) }0 \- G0 k: P1 S, T: q% s
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: T! A) a0 T) r1 t$ a( H4 o7 iIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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& g5 k! z: B; _- K3 n' a" }/ LSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
- O& m: d( `6 Z* V3 MSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
3 x6 l: q# x) F5 N9 PNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.- V% s/ k+ ]' N- b6 E) G
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 2 C6 O/ I2 T# n
- X% d/ t0 `$ X- q9 f8 E* _! qIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.1 o* y4 u4 X R8 G/ v; n
6 T1 R7 t& p/ s5 s/ Q8 @If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.' c4 m! c- g6 H4 @4 @: ^
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
4 a, n" t, K9 V2 a& Q* {) u! m Avg. 1988-2000 2001
5 L$ E: z7 t: IBoston 20.5 30.2
+ ?, x5 w- [* v; I8 D wSan Diego 22.8 29.7
9 ^8 J+ y* C& z) t. zSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 " d8 u; a7 b5 U' u! s
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 * f, p1 s6 I [ J6 D. a
Seattle 20.4 25
' q! Z& S+ P% O; oDenver 17.7 23.7 & O% e) P$ N; I: S5 q
New York 21.2 22.5 . I# G. M4 I* n: }+ \0 p& C
Chicago 17.2 20.8 ) u! w( g$ K% n8 k1 \ K! d* `
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 1 p! F: f! n# R% n( X
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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