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How to figure a home's fundamental value
; k n3 a# T# U) X; XLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued." o# F) C3 e: N0 z/ a8 L
- `. Z2 n& x4 q- X2 DNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:3 n' G1 H" M9 \7 ~+ ^: x
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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3 ?) v8 k0 Z& F4 c! Y! ~San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.) p! w! E* n4 e
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
) z4 A+ @& x$ U rNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.0 k; `2 g6 |: j+ n3 G
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. , p. U+ Z* i8 H) v" W, h
8 F) t& ]* V/ G! P! C: ^! kIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.4 ~/ r; d+ |4 k8 z0 g6 `
- } D0 v- I' C% LIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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; [7 [. x+ k3 V) r Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 0 z. V8 G p- l+ B! i$ ]
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
- w& }( Q' S+ o2 x: t NBoston 20.5 30.2 . ~0 k: D' V, T- H4 s: s" V e' ]
San Diego 22.8 29.7 % ]' Y' J. u& ]* T- b
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 $ I. s) c. C( W s. I
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 / |. E/ c' o/ o
Seattle 20.4 25
+ H) ?8 Y$ |+ b8 T- tDenver 17.7 23.7 0 N1 T% W$ ?4 U8 T+ m
New York 21.2 22.5 ! e7 B: P1 \# H: I2 A0 \6 O) H. ?
Chicago 17.2 20.8
0 h2 ~3 P. K- \5 R: `* e8 KWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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) N/ p* v; s6 N( z `- x" u+ A( Y. JIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.# q M0 d' F5 h: i% o1 e
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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