 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ g* }7 V( P; c. A6 c5 G0 J6 i
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
3 g. _( r1 L4 Esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& i/ \! t7 l$ e1 M! M
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
' Q' J+ |, Y. ^(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
) C4 H8 v# C# p* E: x6 U5 ]5 S8 @retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).9 N8 X# h) F: O2 o, v( B' ]# t
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 l8 u$ F- `% v1 d; E5 P0 }[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- ?) Z) ?6 d) I. l! z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
) U: e5 f6 U" j# z: L( vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 l& \. |3 j* y) @4 Y% `
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset" L! A. o! q% t! |! G+ X
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two9 z" B* _3 k) T2 ~% c# }
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
3 ^. a9 b. q2 u1 t! J# hsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
3 X+ \6 p% F$ Send with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In4 ]% T8 B& {: Y5 Z. }% V" y/ l' m
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
' F7 r7 d, j$ k4 C3 \0 Athe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) T: H$ ]% {4 M& O" K0 E4 N* ?6 w
4 z3 f+ v' ?9 O: `+ ?
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
7 q8 g1 `$ J1 T; Z( N: [and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
