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[转帖] Happy Birthday 生日快乐歌的起源

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发表于 2006-4-11 03:31 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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The story of how the song "Happy Birthday to You" came to be, began as a
: `3 k; r+ S/ e2 g$ c/ _8 Nsweet one, that later soured. Two sisters, Mildred Hill, a teacher at the
9 U: {: y0 \6 P' w9 i5 ?5 XLouisville, Kentucky Experimental Kindergarten, and Dr. Patty Hill, the $ ?( N# _# m3 p8 K2 x2 G8 T
principal of the same school, together wrote a song for the children,
2 q0 v+ z$ Q$ R! wentitled "Good Morning to All." When Mildred combined her musical talents, as
2 H/ p% ~. j% T8 ?4 hthe resident expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist for her church, 5 C- V5 u  V( Z, p* p9 G
with her sister's expertise in the area of Kindergarten Education, "Good
- ?; o% g* a- ]/ F$ \) s1 S( jMorning to All" was sure to be a success.9 w  G1 S% P( X( G9 \* {
' h+ Q* ?1 l, `8 V& {( b4 T
  关于“祝你生日快乐”一歌是如何产生的故事,一开始是件令人愉快的事,到后来就变了味,令人很扫兴。事情是这样 的:有姐妹俩,一个叫玛德里德·希尔,路易思维尔市肯德基实验幼儿园教师,一个叫柏蒂·希尔,该校的校长。姐妹 俩一道为儿童们谱写了一首歌,歌名为“大家早上好”。玛德里德是当地赞美歌的专家,再加上她的音乐天分,又是当 地教堂的风琴师,而且她姐姐在幼儿教育方面也很有经验,“大家早上好”一歌无疑是个巨大的成功。
3 m/ i- I; k9 \9 X6 Q
) ~/ e6 W! R. {" K  The sisters published the song in a collection entitled "Song Stories of 8 X- |' y! s/ G8 k4 i
the Kindergarten" in 1893. Thirty-one years later, after Dr. Patty Hill became
/ M  z1 N3 D8 u' tthe head of the Department of Kindergarten Education at Columbia University's
- J7 ]4 |8 ~- l1 |; ?& tTeacher College, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the 4 H9 M) d) U, ]; a( H6 k' G
song, without the sisters' permission. To add insult to injury, he added a 4 H  X. r/ l4 z( {$ r: S
second verse, the familiar "Happy Birthday to You.") P/ a, r" m* A0 {% t1 D! M

4 j9 ^/ U) w7 z) W7 x  1893年,两姐妹发表了一部歌曲集,题名为“幼儿园的故事”。三十一年以后,在柏蒂·希尔出任哥伦比亚大学师范学院幼儿教育系系主任之后,一个名叫罗伯特·H·科尔曼的男士未经姐妹俩的允许,私自出版了这首歌,在这首歌后又加上了一段,即大家熟悉的“祝你生日快乐”,这就构成了对姐妹俩的伤害和侮辱。科尔曼先生增加的第二段歌词使这首歌很快就十分流行。3 e4 j( h) D* A( _
: w2 ~8 h, S; ]$ T
  Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse popularized the song and,
2 B9 u+ s* Y7 l, m% N% oeventually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared. "Happy Birthday to
+ f8 q5 S% ~: i9 B( t3 TYou," the one and only birthday song, had altogether replaced the sisters'
1 I9 J) U( I8 Z" |- [. P  P. W+ horiginal title, "Good Morning to All."8 @; l3 S5 L1 o- l. x
& t) L& a) o' z$ {; x$ H* D, U/ ?
  最终,姐妹俩的第一段歌词消失了。“祝你生日快乐”,这首唯一的生日歌完全取代了姐妹俩原来的歌曲“大家早上好!”。
4 b) v, h( p  x" L' V
" g. C* }) ]; K2 S  After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister named
1 Q6 n1 f, P4 L, ?Jessica, sprang into action and took Mr. Coleman to court. In court, they 7 G# h* J: B4 L; m; ?; s: r6 X
proved that they, indeed, owned the melody. Because the family legally owns the song, it is entitled to royalties from it, whenever it is sung for commercial : _9 V  l6 P7 M- E
purposes.
$ }! e3 @6 K3 _6 [9 \9 I% v/ Y0 ?: C  a) \4 f' R1 [
  玛德里德于1916年逝世后,柏蒂与其另一个妹妹杰西卡出面将科尔曼先生告上了法庭。在法庭上,她们证明,实际上她们拥有这首歌曲调的版权。由于这首歌曲的法定版权属于希尔姐妹家,它便被赋予了皇权,无论何时这首歌因商用目的而被唱的时候,其皇权总是会受到保护的。
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