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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑
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Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.7 g. i& \6 I0 H; T
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.: @4 u& k7 J; g ?' a' y
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.9 v. {8 D. J( p# \3 L1 Y$ k2 A) E
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.. w5 O2 F: [2 @4 m" Y
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.2 k, }$ E. k' B, ?8 H* F7 K) `
The country codes used are :
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5 K( f2 e0 _9 r4 D* ?9 ?CODE \COUNTRY+ u' z5 d! N) C/ |3 [8 f( w
00-13 USA & Canada3 g( Y# {0 |) S' E0 B0 i5 ?7 v
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
* H% ^6 s8 K4 G& b- _$ q30-37 France. ?, h6 o( m, m i4 D
380 Bulgaria' R, ~: G1 \5 p, z4 b. _
383 Slovenia
* s$ L' v5 Y: _385 Croatia8 C% U& Y6 m# X/ j, U+ {( A
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
! R4 Q; w1 X$ D4 j7 ]7 X0 t" {400-440 Germany
! f' T/ @$ K9 M, _45 Japan
+ D2 F" d- t: @; ]" L6 ~46 Russian Federation
! r& L) f m$ U |; E% @: B471 Taiwan5 A% }2 G2 ]; g( {) E
474 Estonia4 f; K- `3 o: }! I2 D/ G
475 Latvia
- ]5 }1 d. e* i" [0 ]476 Azerbaijan
9 y4 W9 I- [2 H( V& w477 Lithuania4 x, D: ]% G$ u2 ~4 {
478 Uzbekistan. Z9 r6 m/ Z9 J+ V7 b' {
479 Sri Lanka. x9 C9 ?1 c9 C) v% n0 }3 l
480 Philippines' q8 {$ Y7 }+ r
481 Belarus n' P3 b7 B# r0 T# O) m3 J
482 Ukraine
: w8 M5 @6 q8 y& R) t, S& }484 Moldova
2 b' i* I: j. G& U( g7 K485 Armenia
) g! y" U% {& `% s486 Georgia4 o9 e+ |& v$ D3 x' X$ S' ]
487 Kazakhstan: H" i7 {/ ]0 i, ? {
489 Hong Kong5 N" O' |1 a# i$ s* p. ^
49 Japan1 D, _4 h/ l0 d/ {; Y. ^
50 UK
& e% x) [9 z* m0 O2 N1 E4 ^ E520 Greece
; G$ R: l: H2 b/ K528 Lebanon
( b5 T h0 G3 G, _' h8 ~529 Cyprus5 r5 I" U _# N+ V3 w
531 Macedonia
1 p& K- d9 h8 z8 g535 Malta
3 \1 B9 L, d8 ~7 Z: a539 Ireland
& F ^" I$ Q+ D% i/ n54 Belgium & Luxembourg Z1 S# Q9 q$ m q9 q M3 u. F
560 Portugal: y/ D' F* {8 L) M: c
569 Iceland
: z a! u1 O6 v6 |# d* F4 c57 Denmark
( M8 Y; A# x" U" V4 g- d# Z590 Poland) k6 B# A3 |: |* B/ ?
594 Romania7 W4 W; i- z: N! q2 G6 w
599 Hungary( ]( r! [2 f( h# k# W
600-601 South Africa
& B; u" e6 {* D9 Y3 }609 Mauritius
/ t) W7 j1 @* ` z& q' `6 N611 Morocco
B6 U0 k( v9 h/ r613 Algeria
9 o0 e) n- E0 C2 @5 Q; W619 Tunisia
0 u0 {9 s/ p9 @' |2 n( C621 Syria
5 r0 Q, v2 J; O* w; p& a/ s622 Egypt$ H x/ o: S; V
624 Libya
+ h, |* Y. ^1 X0 M# b625 Jordan
" m o! }3 x3 P; {6 z' v626 Iran
) {. m5 i! U* A$ K) K627 Kuwait
! T; ?+ P# T5 j. m0 W1 v$ b628 Saudi Arabia, o8 M) P( @& `" q6 I" V; P
629 United Arab Emirates& B# g: E5 }* y8 |0 |2 Z( Q
64 Finland
]9 h, q: [ O$ K690-692 China
' b' Q8 ~' y! |4 p3 a/ E& S* `/ u70 Norway
/ x% P, W& m$ e) b2 j729 Israel
! R/ |2 l0 K7 p/ m* v73 Sweden. H8 U: T6 {. }: i$ E4 J
740 Guatemala
7 d0 E1 l+ F1 z+ n. q5 t( c9 j741 El Salvador* Y! b! j/ `, a& m# f/ K: K( ]9 a
742 Honduras3 i2 L& t5 I7 o
743 Nicaragua; i! w! x+ ]1 A( D" E6 k
744 Costa Rica% _. m8 u$ M) l- W r' w1 {5 h, Z
745 Panama
) E2 ?, A9 `6 B/ Q. k5 |( g746 Dominican Republic
" h: W8 A: o! g7 U750 Mexico
! V% X9 W# Y; x7 Q, m759 Venezuela8 v4 I3 c3 L& c" Q- o
76 Switzerland& M$ o8 `: a1 _
770 Colombia
0 z$ P0 N8 e+ g% ^773 Uruguay
( O8 C, O2 z. b8 {$ B775 Peru1 @# K' S8 W4 }
777 Bolivia# ~% t1 m) S. m5 x
779 Argentina
/ ~0 T5 Q5 M2 }3 j780 Chile ~, U( A; C8 T& O, z
784 Paraguay
x2 F& {8 g& }3 Z5 R8 R! ?785 Peru X. K9 K$ [2 I$ _$ a
786 Ecuador
$ q2 y9 A! C) D789 Brazil& Q& T+ h+ W/ O% R0 ~
80-83 Italy+ Q) Z6 o3 B8 ^4 o* A; o
84 Spain5 _: w& O% X, R0 _8 m& h: e
850 Cuba* Q5 k( q) T! @- v
858 Slovakia, u( R7 t& ?* K; F& J5 U8 W
859 Czech Republic
0 x9 x/ t4 N: ^* w2 n7 [860 Serbia & Montenegro
0 ~' S: [3 ~7 `6 i! m, J7 s: R869 Turkey6 L2 {* N) p% H: ~9 ? H. ]7 u
87 Netherlands. x2 y; l7 E# ?0 f1 l; U' F4 H. L
880 South Korea
$ l& F9 ]5 z* x9 c; C! r885 Thailand/ X: E' {: x, a1 t3 o6 X% ]0 A) {
888 Singapore& `- O; A6 |4 m6 \3 x
890 India
( e* q9 K% S9 p* g893 Vietnam
! w- K! h5 Y3 m. O- J899 Indonesia! B/ P; [( {- I
90 -91 Austria
0 U: V! K. z, I; b93 Australia
- e+ D. ?# {7 H& P) U94 New Zealand
. @8 c5 {/ A; j3 T9 ~0 } t955 Malaysia4 {0 w8 S+ g, O |4 Y6 N
958 Macau$ |: y6 o, T) Y
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)9 m$ J* P- ^1 `# `$ `
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
* u+ r, [5 d+ y979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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