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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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$ O5 t0 {, X' C& S" N' J/ r在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
8 K+ ?! w6 B" w$ C. E之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
6 m- e2 w. T0 }若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!7 o$ X! }( `: M0 Z0 X6 C

$ y6 J7 {+ ^( H; \$ V! l- g(1) empty suit:2 y$ C& @1 ?" O) I1 R
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
/ Q$ K& T% h( ~+ F(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
5 @! p0 T% k& v8 O例如:2 U5 r; Q, T! H8 Z! |0 `0 v
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
6 z$ O. p- S3 C(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。); P) N3 j' |& U
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
4 v  p. J+ ]: E1 l' ]4 H7 v+ X  j" c. F(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
3 Y) x) O) c( k  R( d! E0 N7 |% B虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
$ o, B8 y. T7 i1 o" V) Z1 e: zThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.4 }7 l  Z% G# U' y( p
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
8 v7 x$ M& J3 Q$ W  @(2) fair-haired boy:
( x1 `3 {; ?9 K% u/ @8 x指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
3 I' ^( D- f# g+ v3 T2 D(通常用单数,当名词用)
! ~2 V6 ~1 s4 |2 `例如:
, a) C6 H5 C8 Q. H4 ?0 `- Q" qMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.8 ]* K! q% n  p3 y9 f
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)7 W& @9 B. J- \4 c: Z3 c
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.- L+ F' ~9 d/ d! }; ^
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)" B7 e0 M4 B: c. e* L3 {
有时也可用复数:
: w2 ^: i" [0 _9 b1 N5 QMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.$ g7 _4 S' X  \) R4 E& E3 g
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
. I2 r) f& H; s0 K; bFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.7 f- k4 u5 O9 s6 T- l: |7 X
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
+ ]0 c. y, x. b& l(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
& N8 d, O7 @0 m2 a(3) fishing expedition:
$ z0 {( P$ H; G8 n为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
* {: H( V5 P9 @% E& S(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)3 N+ K2 C7 ?  i! ]
例如:
/ w+ x! Y+ q+ p2 f* Q3 \) oThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
* W) p( b* D. ^(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ n- o$ t8 K7 l
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
' l0 f+ w; s% c6 V: k7 H7 l$ p# K5 s(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
: {/ l2 o* j) k3 v(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
3 W/ r) Y8 N+ w: ]0 WThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; v( @9 C2 W3 J+ u(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。): w9 P3 N7 A7 Q( ?; h/ x- U
偶尔也有人用复数:% I& H1 @; w0 j0 M7 z; B+ v
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office." A' J6 q" c1 y; j* V0 o" b
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
  J5 p& b$ d$ c% }! O' W& Q0 A(4) filthy rich:/ N+ S% p% A$ s$ W4 m9 _. T+ q! B6 R
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
4 }; \. f8 }- r" Q: `7 {/ t(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
5 [6 v# o4 H$ M6 h( c& W多半当形容词用。例如:
# {/ W( g. X/ }$ l0 vWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.* D2 F9 J5 i1 K8 a3 S
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
( E' R: F5 v: A* VDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
. }: S8 g+ |' {/ ^. @2 l. x8 V* V(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)! o6 s+ ]7 B, ~: M, T2 A# |
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.# y, L# @3 t$ Z$ v: _
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
3 |% U7 ~  {/ \4 h% ]Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; ?2 D0 m. V# n1 [
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
( [8 F8 g$ u1 o& e+ q8 ~  [(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
, F+ a/ \: _5 G; `7 S! u! a(5) fairy godmother:. e1 l# w3 j! u# l3 I% J
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)" |2 d6 @# a, C
(多半指有钱的女人)1 U- S) ]- ?# G0 ^! B' X4 Q
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:  W* o1 L& S5 \# A5 O
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.0 m5 a( b7 a" y* ?  W7 G
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
, C: `/ ]. e9 e$ _7 |# |% pAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
8 B, H+ b1 n3 m1 E(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)( f4 y" n3 y. e$ \  d
有时也用复数:
" B$ V6 I0 p( e6 i0 L0 \1 a4 J' A9 YOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
% Z9 p* F' F! ?) _(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
  l4 f/ T$ k. S7 A$ Q2 GIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
9 u8 c( j% s) ?# W6 a(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)$ }) ?. g3 i4 x

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6)eye opener:& N$ _7 L' S$ j: u0 V
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)# W2 f8 }# y. v, P
(当名词用;通常只用单数)1 L: K* V% y0 D, m% w
例如:1 L) w$ l$ E2 w% l' s0 ?+ p% Q
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.* S9 A# I, m6 p4 k
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
9 A7 d& f* i" E9 O' B8 t- t8 UMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.2 b, W) h* }% @: c
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)( {3 G3 _! o4 C
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
- e" ~+ B9 H* Y4 u(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)  k+ o  P5 \5 G
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people." f( L& E) t9 o. I
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
8 B6 u; M9 K) U3 {& |+ N( f(7) hot dog:' ~+ t; j8 a  i! E; s' [
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)/ l, X. u6 k6 ^
例如:
  j* k' j4 n. t. PSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.) s% ^2 ?6 e# [, L" `* Y' [3 c
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
* X- W; }) S9 o/ d; M- M(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)- V) u4 Y) J- ~% q" L. f
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.# ^# r/ r# Q$ c( _# [0 \
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)$ r+ Q: E- E) @8 O( l
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)$ I6 g. f" n4 d+ k- p" V3 J* g( `
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.6 [) {6 u4 T, Z; G$ @
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
7 |0 D2 n# t: _# q/ @也指真正的热狗食物:3 g# D* s7 z2 S
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
. `3 F  }6 ^- z3 u9 j(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)! q; m6 p- L+ n" ^
也可表达欣赏的心情:
* |( s$ u' o" D# IHot dog ! What great news for me.' N" D5 F; D. M8 {+ ~7 k9 k1 y
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。). b6 I2 B/ e3 z1 ]* F. N
(8)eager beaver:
$ R) v: I  c, D0 @* O$ _& {8 @$ z( g4 v指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
# r2 F* C: r  `1 X+ l( S- X(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
2 u- Q& X! H& C8 }5 N(当名词用,可指男女)
8 t+ N7 e" n1 R3 k2 @4 m" N% b例如:( e! @3 m) N: b
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.$ t9 G0 z) C5 O* L0 i  E$ h5 y
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。); C. v+ l+ j4 i+ p2 E
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.7 d' L9 D$ L; _6 h; p
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
) C9 f# l: I/ w# U3 b1 h; k3 F! UDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
& D  W0 E8 e/ [7 Y, `8 [! y, `(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
0 H" {# l% k/ O: v$ V# DYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
& d* d' X% R: n" x" i' v$ S(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
5 U' Y+ k, u+ \(9)doubting Thomas:4 A- D: d& d) x( [9 {
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)( w0 Q# F% x, H) P5 N
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
- N5 }8 S" l. _& Q1 P4 h(当名词用)
! j5 P( H3 N2 O例如:' a3 S/ Z9 D7 s* d+ H3 [
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.; `3 a( ~' A% Z! P0 _: l
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
$ e, l# b: B) [% `& kThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.7 U' E8 D- @2 [6 L& d! g) ?
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)7 b4 o, @5 m+ Z6 s! A
也可用复数:8 |; a: f/ U% m; o
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
% o1 C6 \" Q! o5 q# f6 ^(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
& c' M) [; b. vIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
! ]7 ^6 `0 X$ c7 l% n(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。), b* ]- }7 J7 Z0 B. e+ T# E
(10)dragon lady:
$ \# L2 ?5 j* c- \; p& K& g4 o指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
& S9 D, B4 b( L4 v例如:" B0 c% p0 ^3 }
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
( E2 p. M- |' }0 r7 ^(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)0 }9 _1 i- y) I# D
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.) `* _+ `( [# c7 [8 B0 ]( O
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。), G. y  k$ I7 [% L- a0 f9 P# P, X. y
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
3 G& i* Y. W% }  S: l(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
$ r4 w" g3 q3 x% T* }0 R4 L# j也可用复数:
! ]  D+ k9 U; c' [6 s# H/ t, s: [7 DThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.$ \/ y) E2 R, ~( ?- o9 i* h. j, F
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)8 Q# J0 Q* i' n; x9 F
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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