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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语& U  N7 b7 r& Q9 `

6 c- o" ?  E& I( ]* ]
( {& E5 ?5 g+ T- a6 m  B' k  t在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
% n3 h% k$ K0 P% j$ M之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
* U8 h% N/ q0 T( D/ V) p若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
8 d, o* o6 t! \9 m1 |, {- g! E) k- |
(1) empty suit:
2 g: p# h: i5 U; V: R5 e- O4 a- W指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。8 G+ `" P5 P& J+ n, Y4 G
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
( s7 i! B- o9 l% L; M例如:
$ Z/ p$ Q5 ?* d$ I' WAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
' o) F0 S& q, y: t& h7 C5 \9 z(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)5 U, i0 i0 c- r5 h
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
2 y) Y! G! C8 I% k, A$ m& K* b(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
$ m# x: U; N0 N6 w虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
0 Y! _" ^$ ^2 @- h" {1 y  |The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
" F1 k, y3 Q  p' X6 c(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
$ ?+ o) f& ~( q  p5 m" h: z' b(2) fair-haired boy:
1 f# i$ I/ r9 C8 l' m指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man): ~, R2 n* y. {/ Q
(通常用单数,当名词用)6 D0 H/ D0 d( f7 h
例如:3 ^+ @! ~* Q! U" V! M0 E4 Z3 N6 t! O
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
: @# X. g$ d6 }8 F( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
, Q  p; r( k+ w6 ?6 `% Q( W. f3 C) z7 D2 tNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.( q6 x# R  U! E9 R5 w1 E# D! B
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
, X# E9 a+ u  I6 {6 S9 A有时也可用复数:
9 ~7 F3 N- {/ f6 h5 |& {Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.+ ]+ V- @+ n6 i8 v4 R! l8 C
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
5 O; q4 r; _  kFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
$ x5 u  r% G% l( W7 I(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)! t3 a; e6 p2 g& y& u+ m% v0 J
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法), _: [% g# O) y6 k3 q7 S
(3) fishing expedition:+ K0 D7 O" A2 v4 e- s! K
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)& }% O3 X% s1 x* N6 }9 v( s
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)7 w8 l  u& ~  V' u: b
例如:3 c* J' A0 K3 O' V
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
# E6 q' p- e& F( A1 N& h(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)8 W: K# F5 s' S6 F* b. o
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.3 b% E$ \, M; q0 t
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
1 \6 W+ O1 `+ X, t; N(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
/ `( t. t$ I3 x# \The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; a1 K  }( z. c4 B" W(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)- O. A5 e" I- O4 ^
偶尔也有人用复数:
$ E0 e4 Y% C: SSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
; l9 l& N9 V# h! Z/ v8 J(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)/ w/ u& E4 E7 m* t* N9 j/ J, W3 c
(4) filthy rich:$ ]4 N7 ?% o) [% z$ x, R  }4 N. Q
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)5 d4 Y1 B2 H: W6 `
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
: W9 j& U3 S! B! q) T8 p多半当形容词用。例如:
. d; F' Y) W+ ^1 w9 c) BWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
$ M$ `. M5 B. h2 X: n3 j* \7 \( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
  ]( p/ U7 H1 n7 |. C! E8 X4 bDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
: q! O, K/ h4 I  ~( a(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)6 Q  @! T" ]$ O' b+ I# ]  R) D$ M
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
$ F  ]" L1 v0 W5 B% a7 x; r(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)/ j" j1 {1 R4 A* x) A0 E% \3 E9 B
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.8 k6 x: g9 O! B0 S5 t  s1 i
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)2 x, x# s7 ^$ w. {* n3 U: T$ a* o
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
: y& i  _! S+ C. T, B6 x(5) fairy godmother:& e6 k  i: S7 i. }+ e
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)* G7 C) n4 z6 a) g/ x# ]. P
(多半指有钱的女人)
% R- l" v- J9 ?# Q" `(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:! M7 ^# m9 N& E7 ]+ |# G
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
3 }4 f$ p: C0 a8 }" |(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)3 \% R  j: ~, `6 w0 ]; W4 T3 j1 _
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.* H! H. @6 i5 s$ s9 n# k
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
8 p& D- m9 P8 i& e有时也用复数:
, B* W1 h7 p7 @: A( A  LOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.9 d1 t( H7 f2 u% G
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)& d. u* c, h" z8 `& Q# D6 f( n
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.3 R& O/ [& ]7 Y' p( k4 P5 g* M
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)( L5 a$ A1 V* Q) O* t8 z, D

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! K' Q: V3 D" I  }6)eye opener:' o' G* t; L3 ?
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
0 L: C6 e, g' D- ~/ E. K(当名词用;通常只用单数)
7 N" }' K# s5 f$ h0 j例如:
: {5 f6 Y4 f1 o) yYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& |! r% U2 e, G! |# T" W3 j# D5 @& G
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。): }3 y  T: O$ l9 v2 x/ J2 O
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.9 W5 i! O; U  ~9 ^# J5 D7 y
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
3 O% \+ Y9 I$ ~5 ^' a* V. KThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
! ?0 M8 V0 y. N9 R- A! G0 H( i& v(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)+ q- I$ j1 U: s2 y; }" B" y. ?+ B; q
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.  ^. o( ^3 m$ h. y  N
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
! |5 `. @3 @5 V0 Q(7) hot dog:
2 l; T+ X! r7 B0 A* M指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
' ~1 W: N. [8 S/ N9 `例如:" n( C7 j8 Q3 ?' m# v9 h! E: X! E
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.! P" T3 u! R: a, h3 V  A  g+ ?
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
  e$ l6 _! `2 o& y/ j' x: f(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)  j5 c4 t2 }/ r3 ]
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.6 q; C5 ~' Y. o8 ?1 Z6 Y& k
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)+ a& J( S* d" ~" x5 |. a+ n
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
0 L9 K4 n/ s- i$ n9 t/ ~During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
# N1 I; ^! H4 r) w" Z7 E# d(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。). L; O  N& n" j
也指真正的热狗食物:
' ^: B- o: |/ ~( z' n3 wThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
+ b8 @0 H& L9 g& R/ @9 H(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。), C9 w/ l% B- I2 }: ^! G) Q, T
也可表达欣赏的心情:& ^: |+ Y: _7 t' l
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
. B3 Y  ]8 a/ e. m(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)' H! |2 u* G5 r2 H: I" y
(8)eager beaver:( N! d& u) J: P. }
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)7 j( w3 J/ @, t# g/ t5 O
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。). N# d3 K- a: A+ p1 f4 d( ^
(当名词用,可指男女)- t* z' ^+ ~! i+ C( D
例如:8 j. o; B' R* b5 u) C& @5 l  ?
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
& y; g( J1 N' B9 v/ `' u1 c(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
2 Q) E" E1 R# s- D8 @+ RBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
1 y+ i/ Y0 I9 l+ m  |  a(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)/ o7 j) Q# O* D+ O% y) I
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?7 N5 Z$ ^" b% T9 l
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
' c+ O( x8 v# F! e' Q7 P! eYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.) B" S1 i0 Q0 ]6 ?3 p, i% Q/ N
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)- x. a# ^2 N% a5 a1 m$ K/ B
(9)doubting Thomas:8 A3 `+ K' [2 m6 D' ?
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
( @, k6 }2 y+ O5 _(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)( I4 p, s3 y6 h# a2 [3 i7 u
(当名词用)8 }% }; _  l; D
例如:
: z# r3 L3 R2 i8 iI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.) Y1 x& {0 f% q- Y5 c6 j
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
1 {* {# ^8 v, D" a/ fThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
' p) G7 x+ t( G; o(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
' T# g) s3 g) o- w8 X  f' o  ]也可用复数:
6 [8 p; M+ W. P3 \/ QMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.& w/ o! y+ G' \8 i* {  ?: V, |
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。). g9 t7 f  y6 m3 z' r
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.+ i# h5 X5 s, P' h& k
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
9 s. F6 E+ F3 l: Z5 O) _(10)dragon lady:
2 K1 i0 _% N" |3 i- Q4 Z( o* ^' x指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
; y( Y+ X( _# S9 ^. p例如:
! Q6 Y' K+ B# R/ p8 |7 v' D. @The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.  S6 W( E% F0 @: G
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& J8 |0 a( p% F+ e* \& V) o
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
3 n% \6 r; b4 F9 \7 ^(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
' H  V' r6 ?% I& t5 A* C* nShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?& k  i) B5 z. m# v) F  F" r
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
- N' @! ]+ u+ Z5 o也可用复数:
4 Z+ {& C* R% ]' M; X/ vThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
$ r5 r9 C% ?9 n9 F" C% F(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)7 L1 N5 i' O- t) n- m
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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