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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
7 m- [2 x$ r% \; R( O+ y之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
/ `; j) l+ E! t3 S$ }1 B" r. e8 c若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!) T' q/ g2 J# l% `& l5 k6 m" c
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(1) empty suit:( f. p7 C  ?! D, [9 s; t% G
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
* _) _9 t3 g2 F1 y& A+ z% ~(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)3 E$ D% V! a! s
例如:
8 X! t1 M& h6 _) @' EAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 U, e/ B3 o# N6 P. g! H6 G(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)+ q& G% `8 m) R- D& k
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.# R+ O, d0 H. P
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。); l/ d3 f( U7 `
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
3 ?5 P+ S5 _; @( \2 h$ z9 R( J3 VThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
) }1 p; z! b; {5 X+ a(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)% u  O: y9 |/ Z; K% `$ l: ^+ w0 f
(2) fair-haired boy:7 L1 A2 m3 h5 Q; k1 s4 K
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)" v8 }) V( a) d% s% T; k
(通常用单数,当名词用)
7 I: H, y" S; ?. b7 j; e4 ~3 `例如:
: c) c) n6 N& Q7 rMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.) F+ s; X# h8 s% K6 Q
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
  B5 U6 W0 y1 t2 t2 F! UNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.' d+ f3 v( a; H
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)# A4 b" i" h& Z) g3 v% w) g) E
有时也可用复数:
+ C; |9 t1 R0 `7 S: uMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
# f& i: v. t3 a(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
: F! H# Z8 E! h* ]; `1 _" @Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.6 F$ K/ c# M3 n' X
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)9 h2 q4 y9 Z+ F3 J/ f6 O  F
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)4 k7 ^/ Q7 T$ N0 v0 Y
(3) fishing expedition:
4 }1 T' u, O5 l为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
  z0 C# ]; k- n(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)- f+ }$ k" N. @- T2 [- w8 E9 G
例如:! G/ j6 r2 g2 e+ O
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
5 z( m: g3 m  y$ P' G: F# L(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
  t$ b& R+ B9 y% F- I; g! }  TThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
2 a) d: Q( I2 k' i- X. T(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
  A8 W% n- d. f4 n(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
8 w1 O- a; l' \9 hThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
! Z/ E0 c# B% _& l4 |(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
, _8 `" x2 p3 U, u8 m( c  j$ G偶尔也有人用复数:% z- P$ x9 i' Q3 K/ B0 A, Y& N
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
# q7 D% B, N. N6 h: ?(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
3 F3 ^! |5 x$ x; }$ c% B$ r(4) filthy rich:
. z- D4 R3 O* f+ n, C意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)4 }7 w  P' {9 |% z7 n! J+ M
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
+ c2 C- S+ n% r9 B: I8 Y多半当形容词用。例如:
: E! x( v$ @& b. b' `6 UWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
" j. A& a1 n6 o1 f; P( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
0 n. I: g1 J0 zDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
, k+ R+ Y9 b, M: t2 t( `+ S(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)0 Q3 T8 |$ K* `1 ?8 f* f2 q
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
5 W8 M2 ~& B0 d( \0 x0 q(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
  H; @6 V0 V# y% ~( wFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.. V! N- Y" P8 y6 C7 G0 Q
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)! q7 a' E; i$ |3 K
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)7 P* Q' ^. H0 J
(5) fairy godmother:
) M; E) z; y  ~3 q* v6 {/ F  `" V指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
7 m. B9 H- a% L  z(多半指有钱的女人)! M, N: c! R2 Z! e
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
/ n* A7 x) X5 C+ h) w8 _Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
% V# t) k6 t  w, ?(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
+ ^9 \% \: L: s  g0 G9 S( QAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.2 T& d# F, S2 }4 ~* G5 e
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)2 R5 w; ?5 o5 ^- t( }
有时也用复数:
4 v& {3 N( j( \- }5 ]: h5 QOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.: q" n! b: W  Q9 r; K
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
) P# b1 a- V) D) i) [) W* }: AIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
- D0 Z# |6 D" a- R$ ]; n+ |& Z(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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) E, [* Q! Q: P- [3 F; E* U6)eye opener:
/ s2 a: ~/ |$ Y# u/ |7 g( U指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
9 H* Q  X) Z8 Q- X7 c  m(当名词用;通常只用单数)! C# s* Z- P1 b' {$ O: u3 i
例如:
  I7 B9 G' v( U8 cYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
6 O2 m% N. M2 g) K' X- }(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
$ L8 o& `0 g* K4 Y6 MMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
* w. I  V  e4 x5 s+ Z, O; S+ i(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。). s' H, y( T4 z; v( l
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.) E& O3 w! ?5 X$ k2 W
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
) V& O! U8 p7 R, i/ hSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
1 r- [3 c+ h( o% t; t9 H3 z(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)7 i5 H8 P' P/ D" h( J
(7) hot dog:
: f8 e$ V6 J  D# d" M指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
6 d" f- H' z& p" [! o4 T例如:
" s5 |, S* C3 [# k/ c) a! tSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
: N" ~4 j: w( p4 n; W, N(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
+ E8 n/ Y8 C/ \: I2 [2 T" @7 u; r(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
- ]2 o0 m1 z. e: K7 N. }In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.6 c1 a1 G9 N8 ]  E+ l6 X
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
. C$ `! B' i# e, d# z! e* f(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)4 L$ R5 S7 ~& {1 h
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.$ f: x2 |2 L" F: U5 x
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。), x% d! F) s- S! }' W7 U7 S
也指真正的热狗食物:
! U% g' F# V2 z) U3 ?+ w2 P7 g( N( hThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
9 r5 D* X& h; B3 m(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
. x- m5 i4 @; R$ [) j: l也可表达欣赏的心情:! u, d5 H3 \' a! g8 }. l
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
: {- T& z- M5 X# _& O(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
& I- r( f9 m  N/ r6 S1 y0 m, v(8)eager beaver:
% f, @( R  S: Z/ p& I7 b指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
5 W! X0 a# B) U6 ](这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)/ X2 G" `9 b- _6 X7 \- X
(当名词用,可指男女)1 a9 B  g- t+ q( U" x
例如:+ u# g/ M( M1 Q- U
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late." g: X- f& s# m$ r
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
. X$ k4 ]( ~4 t1 a$ WBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
% ?7 |& t) A! G(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
( ?$ o- E8 ^- d5 Z; HDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?. w2 {) Z$ H8 b
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
' q; P, o  Y, M* }You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.3 z1 G  x7 Z5 _* ?
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)( p0 R- Q0 u+ T* Q  p
(9)doubting Thomas:1 ^, |; L/ ]5 s% L4 g2 O
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)3 A8 v& B# O, W9 \* O
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)7 x5 A7 @! P# t* c7 L
(当名词用)
: o1 h* ~: f9 J( {( v; |例如:
% f" a) u" p  {- y# R6 a, @( `. \5 DI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.$ I: ~! U) f! l9 Z+ p0 |/ o
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
; c4 A) ], R4 S, k2 \( A& e/ qThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas., I: [. w5 _- U' J) i& H. c/ s# n% F
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)5 C% u: ~$ Y- K7 \1 T7 ]5 i  ~
也可用复数:7 s1 b9 ]" B" T6 {6 C( u
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.0 f) ]8 i: {, y1 f, A" S& W
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
' z% w# }6 q, ^' g& A% _4 i0 d, HIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.; L3 p, {9 N% v. h2 o0 d& V
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
' F" j1 M4 h* [. Q+ k(10)dragon lady:8 q8 S# I) N% J. d' E/ a. t
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)7 ]% y8 e' {. n$ U
例如:% e& I5 X. a/ i; b: z0 A* ^5 B, l
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.( l$ r: E+ n6 G& {3 Q
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
  K5 i/ _5 j4 i% b& E  ], P, fI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
5 m1 k* Q% x; p$ `(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)7 f/ M1 [+ c/ W. J! X9 k
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?# G9 u" b! G% w9 d- R( Z$ Z
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)7 [; d; P0 k" |+ F, R
也可用复数:( Y6 L8 ~4 N& P2 A/ m
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
/ n9 G7 T8 C0 }5 k% P(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
' T/ D; q- V  _$ R8 j注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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