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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语6 }6 {  K9 T' }$ W" R

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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯; h3 c$ v5 r  w. N$ R2 t2 H7 H4 }
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。5 y# d* |: P7 ?  O
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!9 Z0 j& t2 G4 T. Y% U& H5 u# E
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(1) empty suit:
7 J) z# Y) Y- p  D2 R/ {6 C指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。1 p. a/ B. m/ o3 h+ B  N% i3 b* _
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
( l3 w, [6 {; v) c& `7 v6 p例如:
0 O+ Z  m4 k0 n2 Y, KAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
- B% P  E3 }$ w0 s3 i) k' z+ _(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。); {) z* p/ b2 P2 H, p& U7 Q
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.# v/ H: v5 A- Y: Z; @" I" w
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。); x0 ]* c5 D1 [
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
% j# }4 E# h4 _5 V. C! @7 lThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.: ~1 W& A4 Y! T) s2 {; m0 M7 z) e
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
4 S) B, p$ z# [, l" K2 t(2) fair-haired boy:+ b. {- L% D& L, q5 \. r
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
  j" s; r3 P+ X( w9 R/ M! E(通常用单数,当名词用)& _5 V' K" P7 z, o% d9 `
例如:. N9 s+ l. L1 c/ o7 N+ f
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.0 q# C1 v+ g& Z+ V. C
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)- B7 v2 j# F( w: f' D  @, f  v' X, k! s( i/ r
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
8 X) N7 E) b2 v( x2 o' ?+ Y) m(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)9 Y, a+ s. r' j7 M5 D
有时也可用复数:
5 [) x. x: u9 k, dMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
3 Z% b  L0 W6 F% R' Y(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
# {. W  V* t) Z% f% R. iFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
7 |, B( K. v; a(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
, O  v7 b. z7 F(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
  n3 N: G- [  E8 u) C(3) fishing expedition:
4 q6 a6 V7 V! j! w% P为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
  }2 E: {: z9 f: M9 X6 u(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)5 p1 ^5 x9 U1 A+ v/ X5 t8 p
例如:
& X3 q2 E! `6 ?0 iThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
& b% s% N, H" l# M, ~, G- M- I' t/ S(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)) B5 o  P/ w$ p+ `  T2 n+ Y2 Y
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
8 [3 c' s9 w2 n. q(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)+ z6 l7 U3 U- y$ E# g
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)# b) M- o0 M2 v& l  R' d
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.1 z  J; |9 g: u  _" [# w6 S4 K
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
! \6 W7 {, Q3 _  `) ~; r/ S5 L偶尔也有人用复数:# n. [, V8 j" s! [2 J. q
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
7 s% L, @: Q, B3 ^4 \(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
# _$ V/ y3 W( [6 @(4) filthy rich:
) o( \1 ~5 K( t: K' A& d* m意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)# u* Q' A9 v$ c
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)* _7 E) K  u) n7 U9 @
多半当形容词用。例如:8 e% ]; @) Q  }! `5 E1 H
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.- l5 v6 G# C0 l: p' L) i7 Z$ F
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。). O% M  J" ?7 z. t2 i7 j- I, J
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.8 U: B, C# `: U0 {: c. Z% h8 j- @
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)2 H' P3 @, w: s' q) ^% a$ h# n$ O( h
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
& L( r' V1 i+ B% o(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
' m# _) h* P* T/ ]1 }4 LFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
. |; T$ g) N, r/ H; A0 R4 s(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)5 L; o1 }) p$ U; ?
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)0 K) s! n3 v* R" T  |& E  V
(5) fairy godmother:7 P- ?( g) r" x& S8 Z1 O
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
6 U4 O: B6 H4 Y& Q4 S" I; b(多半指有钱的女人)
+ ?+ d( L! m! G; o& [! A& x(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
7 s$ P( H2 i% H$ D8 IMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.1 X8 d+ B9 ^- ^5 D. A# x! ]6 z6 }
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)" L3 ]. C+ k) E) h1 Z
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
7 k$ K+ V- Y( Z$ }4 t$ v8 @2 K$ c; i: c(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。). I* ]" S3 C7 J% o( }: }
有时也用复数:" ?! E9 h+ T$ U( }# z! ]
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.8 U2 E% |2 j! ~8 E+ C  `3 F; p
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
2 n! i) r' t. j$ @  p4 i) cIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
) ~" c& V, s6 n9 I* V5 U(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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- z; t. s& _2 Y6)eye opener:! R- x: ^  t% E- r4 |9 W! i. c! |
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)2 ]8 y9 E; i2 {
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
+ W5 \, W" n. g! L$ L6 H4 N; \例如:
* o' v- u' O1 G' [# m& A$ A, TYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.4 u, q2 W4 B; M5 i+ X# N
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)# T! X: G, g- ~* k2 f8 b
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
, }( Y8 D: ?6 F(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
: V9 Q* k8 u7 \- i& [' t0 [The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
3 ]4 _1 \3 |& m" ?1 V(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
) h! ~3 e% W6 @; ~0 x9 F" F6 USome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.% O) d$ l, d/ W% C8 e& l
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)/ ]& m( k1 n/ Y& S) s
(7) hot dog:: W+ A4 c2 u7 v, Y8 }4 h) k
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
1 ]& A; N$ d5 g2 E- w0 p6 Y例如:
4 t4 A' G* F# Z) t! cSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.5 p  K) X& ]: m4 d2 j6 X: X
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
  G1 E$ A. T$ I(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)* R" D( w3 K5 h+ z4 q
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.: t5 V$ l5 @0 f* L* o7 U4 [
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
3 T+ H, {  Y  }: D/ S0 j(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)2 D) D- r- `' i  {( o6 I/ E
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
; t3 ~% n; N, e5 ]+ ~(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)7 F, A3 f, ]! E* P0 g
也指真正的热狗食物:
+ H  `% }; ]1 I8 `The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
  A! W. D" B  e- M9 \(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
. V6 t+ j3 ^/ Z% p" ]; \/ b! A也可表达欣赏的心情:2 ~' V2 m4 l# ~2 c
Hot dog ! What great news for me., S& j! g4 c7 W9 R
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)2 I7 N( [3 d0 X0 ~& ?
(8)eager beaver:
* z' u2 i7 U! o3 L5 b$ h指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)( t9 P# Y1 o3 m( _7 t2 W1 a
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)& w/ G8 S3 w8 ?, S- m
(当名词用,可指男女)
7 o0 X4 U% R" c' z. P9 Q, a& p例如:- G; `) D7 `  j7 b/ ~4 j- `9 U
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
7 I+ n' E5 B! K; Q: m# \(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
; ^8 [$ O, |" e1 y5 F7 [. |Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
. p( a2 R( J% f' p. |0 R/ Z(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
) l& Q' N( W& k7 p) cDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?2 D. P* I5 Y# k" {' A" m
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
" N! M8 t' Z6 P. _* }# [& rYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.+ ~3 s8 T: W5 S1 y. [2 x: }7 h
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
/ @4 Z8 g/ J% o) A% {. F(9)doubting Thomas:
1 i! V! `" \! I8 t这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
% ^6 i5 B* _5 f* i* l(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)& j1 I0 Y* }$ Z& a
(当名词用)# R# d% B/ z: m; P( D  G
例如:  D7 O& t  k# X2 \( m1 M% l
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
, @  e, E- R* |1 M, q5 l/ B6 D(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
; Q6 O! h+ {# yThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.! p8 H+ P% V( ~1 H7 I' n8 `. A
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)8 \5 a8 {# O. m: c# n0 _0 @/ E1 j
也可用复数:8 [# o* B, {4 E
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people./ m- I2 r- o7 i% [% l! i
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
  y5 i# t# \6 c& ~If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.8 P# K) v! G; u  h- N4 N
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)3 \) h, z5 L- ?. D
(10)dragon lady:
0 q3 \1 j. I# E3 n8 i指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)& ^1 ]1 H3 v/ Q8 A5 ^: O" N8 b1 n
例如:6 v- I; B0 r" b- ?. b% u! t
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
% Q7 w" g! ]* e, S: f/ Z! o( p(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
) \% O- q4 Z( P$ {" d) sI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady., l- a0 I$ ^. K" i  S
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)1 S% h1 E9 y! @' Y' G
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?( y$ z* u* H, ?6 U- P( _& h
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
7 Y' h9 s4 m8 ~1 h也可用复数:
4 G. c; B1 T; BThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.+ L3 o& ^6 y! |3 f
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。): X  @0 v$ g& `# U$ L
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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