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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语# ^: a  z. s0 z" \- c

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$ z/ f, x% i, p" H, Q/ A; x在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯) L4 t) p6 m" d( J0 a4 [
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
9 X( N0 h4 w6 L若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!* _; G' b* E- d. p+ ~& m
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(1) empty suit:' S6 E; r. u! T7 G4 V
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。2 C$ O* v3 K. q4 f
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
& j% f8 ^1 w7 v) ^1 `9 Y, W例如:
; W' T& r: A8 d: b7 k! r& LAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
: H8 q! j* f2 X5 ~$ L4 V(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)' r, _  q  l5 j+ E
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
4 M( I; ^, @7 q, i( g3 q(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
9 q7 j6 W% l  I: @' F) s4 o9 Z虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:: p* J, @# Z7 @9 p. H2 S, D. V
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
( r( g8 \7 T3 _3 Z(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)+ G6 |8 I2 j( D! m3 o, A
(2) fair-haired boy:: B# d# g" V4 }
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man). |5 H4 E1 j$ }
(通常用单数,当名词用)& V$ F7 e+ K3 K* F4 H0 _
例如:$ @& {  p% D# s8 l! R1 h
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
/ P6 ~' G$ R+ y% |, w9 J" c/ l( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
3 C+ h' G5 ]9 z) D, QNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.$ p" x) C. I. l: R
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)+ t" ?1 i" z" `
有时也可用复数:
" I; |- S% q8 y; k. w/ y% M: \Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
* l' j' x/ d' N6 X2 |( z(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
( b$ C, e/ l; d' I& iFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.% T4 a5 r1 J1 I6 r
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)# r9 V0 m' c- G1 K
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
) T+ {& b3 j: u7 h  k; g( C(3) fishing expedition:
( F7 `' ^5 ?7 \0 P  g' d& F为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)5 ^/ w1 i+ _; m. Z8 l' p
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)  A9 C9 O3 A: T& H6 g
例如:  K" T. I8 \8 R3 M# G
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.% o1 M  K. _* X! ^
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
8 F1 S$ I7 {- J. q2 f& z' VThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
8 w- \% E* R! r! i(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
! N( E- |* j% q9 ?+ ^, C(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)& H" E6 I' W8 X' l$ _  Q
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
1 _/ |1 }2 f: q, Z6 s; i( a(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
, k, k( X  K6 s- R" ^' A- @1 E偶尔也有人用复数:
0 W5 F# H  p- S# i0 q9 f' ]  qSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.2 d2 u* P7 e% P  y. n( \% Q+ O' t
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
, v7 I+ B, X8 j9 e$ Z/ A3 x(4) filthy rich:
. q- R7 v  q! |; Y意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)0 O* Z! l# u! y, B+ O! M9 L
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
( j2 \- L6 s4 O% Q多半当形容词用。例如:
, p, n0 @  @6 w" q1 d! YWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
* Y; ^5 l. w5 j5 c# n( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)! y8 o. {+ \: z5 K
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.& f) l. k. O$ T' Z
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)0 W2 _4 ^0 d$ s; V
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
- ^2 [& h, z8 z( d/ E8 U(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
9 v; g. A$ [' }6 pFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
( K/ a9 \( O+ b1 |9 A3 H9 o4 W(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
& n6 g- Q8 _, H1 U: b$ M1 C) u(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
9 b& t2 b9 f  g5 c8 M- L, p(5) fairy godmother:9 x4 F" N: v3 _) o3 h
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
9 h5 h6 ~2 j) C, S7 r6 J(多半指有钱的女人)  I) a7 Q1 Y! c$ T1 ~+ r- W9 I1 ?
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:: Z4 p' @% |4 S- E) ^
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
3 a, W, x1 F9 O0 d. `* i(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)4 |! [1 {. N; o" t
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
3 J6 E5 F& Z0 X* o5 H3 W% @9 p! b(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
% e* u( u# s4 q有时也用复数:
' j1 Q. K* Z: {' f0 B: g: _Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
; P$ H$ i- {8 M: |& y, d* Q(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
4 F5 p, ?$ A7 n" dIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.6 E5 c5 ?" [& h% O' g
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:
6 k8 j! s4 W5 Z6 c  W# \9 B; ?" U; A指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
5 h- K  [' }) a  K! _3 _(当名词用;通常只用单数)
) s. N" y) a; Q- I8 T) P/ }例如:
  @: e) a, O% V: Y, j! r) d( MYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
( `( p6 w/ D0 D: v4 i& q  }(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
5 o( z+ l# z9 a7 N1 c1 rMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
8 Y" O" f- M+ _(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
, W: b; E9 j0 o: iThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
. E4 Z5 q( |+ W- W4 `7 G(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
, D* _4 _7 c3 z( O9 E2 B: YSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
9 Y7 }3 D$ w8 a/ Q(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
! S( q) a5 Q; h  [! p' a/ W0 R(7) hot dog:
0 P* L3 U1 K' y3 z0 ?指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
5 l- X: \2 Z6 H* [1 R# z例如:
% I+ D* X$ _+ l8 p5 p9 }  C; XSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.4 R, X1 Y  @- O3 f7 ?
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
3 Y2 }8 s: t6 X& }1 \( H% U  V3 `! A(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)7 w: j5 r& F4 `8 s" a* k9 @
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
$ W- Q2 P- D, L$ O7 R(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)# L: P  W! T- `3 `# K) I3 s# r: \
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
& `" M( L: a) YDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.' C  Y, s9 g( U3 }5 m  ]5 M! F
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)1 v3 W8 }6 K  p; Z/ L" a: ?3 L0 k
也指真正的热狗食物:
. _) \  [3 a& ]# QThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
" E* A& b* o( e+ w, L(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
) ^+ g$ S0 j- G& F/ R* j! m: b也可表达欣赏的心情:( L* A" u! P* C& ?8 `& n! [6 Y! E' Q6 T
Hot dog ! What great news for me.1 a7 w# i$ W: v8 B
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)& ?9 Y6 [4 w& ^& J7 t
(8)eager beaver:
# [% Z  Y% a7 b$ I; ^1 U4 b0 J6 e指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)* q+ x8 ]2 \) _% }6 s
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)/ K/ f6 C( c, b
(当名词用,可指男女)
& b% Z6 \( K- k例如:
: B" q% W+ ], j! {( mJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
4 G* D/ H1 T; h* A& t(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
! i, o6 |1 k* V: p: q6 ?$ ^4 |4 [. [Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.4 c; ^- t1 G* w/ L2 I& |0 u
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ n- O$ W# s9 Z
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?- ]; V, x* {% O6 e+ V
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
0 Q$ Q) R) F& P( @* \- i5 e5 SYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.+ r- m' p# h! \! J9 Y3 f
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
' k4 H& R: b$ J5 G$ F: b. A(9)doubting Thomas:
% B8 c# N+ O' j# ^( P; |" Z! T这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others). G1 G7 C7 W) k# p- u4 u
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)0 a; I/ o# B( I& \) k
(当名词用)8 g( l9 A7 ~! d5 N# P6 _
例如:, `/ Z9 u7 A6 A; L
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
' D7 Q; M0 R" X2 T0 @" r- |(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
6 w+ Z# L2 Y9 |* L, dThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.& r  _% A( E+ I' s! x
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
6 e7 B& `; o: l) F也可用复数:
' b' }6 `9 o! J2 b7 PMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
; |6 V+ p' r9 |. w/ N& l(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)+ f$ R3 d# y. H7 I1 Z) e
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.; q5 _$ R/ O+ x- g7 P0 \
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)5 |: @4 N- V3 v
(10)dragon lady:
- n- T( F2 H* y1 I( @  ~' l  i指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)0 C( Q& P& {0 b, i5 K
例如:7 R! L" y" W' H2 \
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
4 N7 \. O- t) M+ Y; o/ i) H& ?(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)1 o# H) p, `+ ?: r* w% o# B  R1 E
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady./ I  K: i) \0 C1 i- w- ^
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)" B( J' f8 x( b$ @
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?, k9 I4 z/ w# z7 J4 w5 B0 l
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)3 K; i5 d% {& O6 w& i# S
也可用复数:( ^: A4 p- W. J: M, ]
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.' ~1 Y' Y7 p: `1 ~' ^5 h8 ?3 U
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)! p5 ^& |$ g' ~  `: ]
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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