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How to figure a home's fundamental value
: C- [& C0 Q# v* ~ rLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.- j- C/ \9 d0 ]
; p0 z9 e; o: y& HTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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8 V' z+ ~, O# \" VIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.8 i" \- y' {" f& @" ]
. t, r$ f% K9 ?1 }1 t6 F- h( eSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
* j7 ^: k& G. G2 F, i- `0 kSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
+ V8 g! ]0 o9 INew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.2 n0 D2 Q. F! K: w( _, R7 p: E3 O
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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5 C/ J+ ~ G* [) tIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable., C/ P+ k1 q% {- x8 l
) q) a: R0 z# P Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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; R: ^0 s; O3 L& F8 Q% m* J& g5 Z8 |Boston 20.5 30.2 0 B0 h( i% T' d* s
San Diego 22.8 29.7
' M) C* a1 T! R, l" W% [San Francisco 23.8 27.2 % `, F5 [( K2 \4 S L+ {/ G* D# a
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6
3 a. P; V3 E1 i1 E% f" @. |. USeattle 20.4 25 3 v h$ { v9 k+ G, L" K0 m
Denver 17.7 23.7 9 c7 \1 r1 I! _7 ?! V
New York 21.2 22.5 / M% V0 V, @5 b2 Q2 K% n4 k7 T
Chicago 17.2 20.8 $ \+ H+ X6 L: w& B: r
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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# z- x9 s" ]: ?It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.' T! z' P) U+ T7 c
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- e; a, R \1 o: x$ v1 aFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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