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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 2 i/ }# v, g+ a, C: ?
& h4 B! I p5 N- _" Q" {http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106880 l; M9 m j! |7 P
2 I/ }8 q" i3 \5 w+ O5 X( O6 G. nJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
* K% O. t& M! N; f, n6 ~YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 z) z% Y. h! e6 t4 l0 |) b4 a
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.6 Q2 V% B+ r, X+ F
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
4 v5 G1 d' @$ ^) y9 N! s$ x/ tFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.& y& Z* C& f5 B3 U2 P
$ J- \" U& \# ?8 ?3 O# T
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
( r& f' J/ x# B+ m* ] `, d lReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
- J0 {1 e& Q/ \8 fPublished online 26 January 2018/ w) Y7 {: f! n) w" |
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Abstract
: H1 l2 j$ G9 v# |: }2 UJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% J. ^: P2 ^8 j& M0 f
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The( c5 v/ Y ^6 c0 }- y+ v* K: S/ |
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been- N& f) `/ l8 c/ c
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not. c8 F& B2 | w0 o- H0 `% B: e# r8 m6 l8 t
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific# o. j; i4 T P' G1 ~2 a
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% g, ]* ^) h8 Z
to the standardization of the scientific terminology. }, j+ V6 I4 i, `
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
7 Q( p X: z" s) v* _scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,5 Y9 P0 U5 |( v& O- k3 i7 ~
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
% k6 i5 m4 M" s) R8 r3 h: S8 ~( Cstandardization of the scientific terminology translation9 M; H& x! e; c
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien- r* k( `" G) _2 r/ u
he established had helped greatly with the popularization0 e# _0 ]6 o& D
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring. y. C. U i$ @
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
. J/ _! m: O, d; Tfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
3 U n. d2 I( ythat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
7 ~5 {% X0 w6 U( S4 jgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
. |( S% ^2 b0 C+ [& fterminology.
- H% _; j T0 Q. O1 a: }Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
# O* [6 g( _) ^# t7 D. N6 x" JStandardization of terminology translation
4 R" u0 _# h" Q8 G3 f* m% `Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
+ E N% }/ r6 S7 }% J; K* {0 U: TStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# | y- z9 N- R- _2 _! j4 N
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 o" z3 }/ { Y) O: ?1 S% c2 I
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102135 k# W# `; q ~+ u
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 {: {& v. I0 l H3 l
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) Y0 v G p% [; w, k7 `2 pINTRODUCTION/ R! ^7 f1 l/ h* y9 F7 }9 |
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
3 q) x& a6 I$ [& V9 _) g! Ta great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
% X* L2 q/ L6 D/ P$ _; K+ A& t6 wDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
2 i, {+ e6 a$ Q; k, [8 [Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of( J- k7 }, Z: z
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed6 a5 y; ]0 p4 s! D9 q9 d. ?
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as; X. I: k5 H$ |9 y0 L: [: v7 g( L
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on6 H, O4 h% c2 d
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-" x% Q0 X, o5 g9 n
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
" [/ ^" n5 E1 @/ ^works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
2 Q1 T" ?. N* B% D4 E1 q( d! aFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
- |/ H# o. M1 U2 w* ]% {Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated; a- \# Z( D# _
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant: k! ]+ c2 e1 c) Q0 G5 m) k
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,* R! w2 k c* Y6 j! N- v3 V- |
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
2 Z* _4 |" f) W. t! LFryer translated more than one hundred of Western! O7 X/ `1 L: L- @# w
books that made him the most productive one among the
8 e- {9 N2 ]4 H3 S4 `! ^foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer, `6 i; N& C. G* q2 s9 w
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a( `9 p+ M( m& _
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
% I. X$ h8 g- w6 S3 b8 ~% W9 I( W6 {9 Ypeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)., p' T9 R2 i# I
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
3 c$ G2 |$ w& |$ h8 Calso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western W& ^$ `' t( s5 K0 f$ Y
science and the standardization of translated scientific! C) p& O3 R" \" S
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
' X& f4 @2 E3 \magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the& j* {; {; ~( U" l! v% n' E
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another' J2 P W5 {5 c/ `4 V) `
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
$ y8 v4 ?/ U( N5 }of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
i" M/ }% M# R9 uModern China.
& \+ V5 `: j7 T! K0 `$ XAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
/ L$ S. R& Y% X0 f3 X) uThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of) z9 }7 a7 @/ |3 ^6 r, I
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing, Z, n. e* y; y6 m' |
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
7 c1 z b2 ^1 x/ ?. QJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
B b* k$ X% G7 P8 _6 aTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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