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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 + P! E/ y7 F5 e: `7 d( ?
) r: j) c" W$ y, \http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
9 ~5 j8 a3 ~1 s$ [YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
) A( B, `5 O4 `: p5 nFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 M3 G4 M: H4 K* M$ S$ G7 R* U7 R6 y; z
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
% ~+ W$ y: P M, _* ~. E# PFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
B5 x, P/ @6 {5 H3 w f0 S/ ?" r! T l7 ]
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
& g/ N7 Y, [, xReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20184 X7 m' k, I9 {* m4 D, u% j
Published online 26 January 2018( c [) U6 P ]
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2 x f4 q- ?: LAbstract2 C' `/ d l) F5 \ j/ R( v% \. q
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing0 o5 @3 F1 ^3 i7 r7 G* @, A( X
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
. h0 v( q2 L) _+ Y) N% \Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
6 M& \: B* V ~0 N$ vengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not9 `* Q, u) R6 M( F5 d4 j- o( C0 l
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific* [) j* X! m" f9 Y
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly! m1 y$ z, ^" m1 e
to the standardization of the scientific terminology: I* P7 I( I+ o1 j9 g, o
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s8 b5 g+ F. @. @* a' B% B z
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,: p' j, ?9 Y0 Z+ a4 O
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
) G$ v9 q" B+ z1 ^/ Lstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
% Z; C7 A1 q; ] n6 w& x: x' Lin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien6 A% A1 g7 c4 x
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
2 G( _5 Z2 H; P0 K. fof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring9 Q. f4 |+ X' U {* q
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 K1 U2 [' x. L- v. s3 p
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and' k" a9 o0 ]) x( g
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a$ ?* t% B; n+ @. V: X6 u
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
% O4 c2 ^' f% W; y1 qterminology.% i+ n% z- f3 K0 M; z g' v
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
% X( j5 f3 O! V) |0 jStandardization of terminology translation
: b0 y! w7 `) c% }, dYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to# I8 ?" f% X( r: `
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
7 {9 h4 N0 Z! f5 B: DChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available) D& w# t I; I5 ^) l( t
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
) p6 X3 T- [9 fDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION( L) i$ Z, i g+ K8 z
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and- ~7 D' n: G# b: U% O m+ P
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
" [, v) Z8 S( k8 D! `) p: dDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to2 }5 A" ]/ O; P& V, r' ~6 Y; ?5 N8 R
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
/ Q& b# f- O' l! C/ X! }St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
) e5 {; J, N& E2 v Iby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
; B* w. o) k$ k: `; Q! a, {+ F1 `an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
& P& p7 h- l- Ihis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
) {# a; G0 E+ P1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific' V. {0 ~: j" }5 ]; I. Y4 {$ J
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
. _* B0 O8 K' z1 @" Q9 Y' c* yFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
$ I2 O7 M. a0 o _/ MNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated: w5 k2 @# j1 z" E
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
6 Y! P. ~3 Y% n+ E; B" }would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 e# O! f6 `* S1 r
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,8 z0 d4 K8 H# ^9 W: C8 E/ {
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
0 C% |0 ^% X# @4 N, o. zbooks that made him the most productive one among the8 K7 [, `4 j$ E! p$ {
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,1 Y' Z! O$ Q3 M2 N+ r( p6 R) c
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a8 t" l8 R5 O2 J9 D# M$ w
noble work which could help accelerate the process of' m& u6 R) K& L$ H
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
1 C$ h7 f0 ~" _9 c3 DIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer4 Q1 t2 m- J% Y
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western7 N& ]+ x$ p, m
science and the standardization of translated scientific
6 @- y9 n8 u2 I- X; N% W. vterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
% o" X% @: x: Hmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
1 d0 u; B: u; n* g3 b! Xestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another6 n" t5 D# M7 V7 B
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series. P1 z* ^: ?" o$ ~+ s
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in3 x1 h* c+ X1 X' G0 R
Modern China.1 ], S. ~$ Y8 D# m- X# G% Z4 C
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
7 u% `- \+ D9 z/ V1 ?% \! }; @The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
2 @. C2 m. [" w7 K3 U! z) x8 Gtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
' k! b( P: ~: M4 C3 q- W- aa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
- p- x A6 G, X8 \0 f+ ], u c1 nJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and4 }+ d' T$ b8 e+ M3 W, C- i0 L; q
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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