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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 9 g; O% C6 S$ [0 O& m
. o9 \% a& N/ |# |( ahttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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, m. L! a* \0 v- f) b4 @# pJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China6 A( _/ M0 \( a& ^; J- M: E
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of/ ~2 X3 Z! E( i) K
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.( [) t8 r) b, i0 n; Q( W" F3 Z
. V9 Y" ^5 M! N% \: P8 R" n
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
( w* M9 k8 ^% I- @8 {5 \) u8 w. uFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.' [, r6 G% V: [ Z. l; Q
9 ?) ` ~9 Q- i& J1 Y. h5 z! _
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
+ p& S* z, G( G4 R7 A# m- A2 _5 PReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
8 z1 i J1 f. A- G! Q! ?3 M- a4 S3 iPublished online 26 January 2018
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+ e4 P" x& o/ w! Q: }Abstract
z# H' U+ H: N1 ^" i% j0 t; U7 }John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing$ m* b/ Y2 |2 P: Q& |% H
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The6 l9 Z$ c |5 w. r# |8 F
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
I) _' \1 T/ r) E" i; o: e4 O0 `engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 v5 a @/ F% W' ?) Qonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific4 [; m# z$ Y( e' g
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
- H' l6 K# Y( _" v1 `: Mto the standardization of the scientific terminology8 \+ A6 d8 }$ l7 B, K
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
& f6 U1 l) O# {; S' i6 O+ wscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
* {2 u" l% X* ^, @8 Mand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
+ m) [8 f V2 ?. K, C1 P' s6 Ustandardization of the scientific terminology translation
' K" r8 N* v9 u9 Hin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien. u7 S) G# \1 u Q2 ?1 z' Q) K( \
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
- K/ P. @5 H+ h$ kof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring. R# E& B- ^) u, j1 U' f8 I4 R
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
4 D% [* v. Y/ h& o8 D, A& K6 {# jfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
, {# s' F/ ^! d" u8 h9 t/ y dthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
. t9 W0 I2 m3 q+ T z Ogreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific( W) D- m" m2 P8 {3 l. E
terminology.
+ Q3 X: ~6 O, m ^* C1 Z# M3 M. JKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
, G& R; D* S3 a/ sStandardization of terminology translation
+ Q! [5 n8 ~3 z1 c$ j1 y, oYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to$ x$ r& b" G2 j) f5 |0 R
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
/ N d" c, M2 ^" g% B$ o# ?1 jChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available( h9 Q0 Z% `& L) l3 G' \- Q8 c
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
( O/ K, K. K D( M. g, EDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213% T7 a* B4 c1 h
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INTRODUCTION C: w& K: {* D. n, A
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and: o% c. v* J: ^7 L
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).* q- J' [" c+ F- C, H5 W4 e( i
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to" i5 G$ t' C5 c+ O" u
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of l: _+ K2 q. P) M' r8 M
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
+ ~; z4 k7 K0 Cby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
. }- w9 ?! N! B* o% l" u: Qan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
7 v) M- ~6 j$ ahis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
% U/ Y& N6 e! X; N0 ?) u1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
" t( M3 ?: {7 E8 N+ z* P6 Oworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,' j! ^9 D9 ?+ @ M# U+ E0 K" |6 m
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.) d" ]! H4 i6 V* y$ L* c
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
8 h: n- s- A6 }; a+ c* wto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant7 k- T$ G# Y- |$ B% T) `4 l
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
5 c1 t l o6 r! ?9 o! _revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,1 c; z" \6 n' P3 y/ M ?
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western( |* w- J1 R. W: ?6 G7 [! g
books that made him the most productive one among the
' Y l: q. W8 k2 qforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
5 j% F4 x! d* p4 Utranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a! O% f0 R+ H. g& L- s6 b
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
( X$ P$ I% p( U7 g7 Npeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).& ?/ V0 m8 h* K( H$ L% g
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer$ I6 v; h2 U3 z
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western `/ m4 O8 `+ d; E; ~
science and the standardization of translated scientific5 ?) ?0 x% \: G4 i% D
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
! q/ u. U4 O5 m: ?/ imagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the% ^) a) W1 m/ e; `
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another: w# P6 x& d$ {' y- A
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
# H s' K8 a4 P ~of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
1 Z" J+ f% k2 C* YModern China.
5 V+ E! k: d \( O. f) VAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published m" Y' y3 f g9 m5 {/ k, h
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
- I* W' X3 F1 V8 z; K. `travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing U$ q. x8 R& y L H8 ?( L# Y
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In- @+ P# w( p5 N
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
& u, g/ ~9 H- z% V0 I9 ^ LTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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