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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 & t9 }0 G; j: g' i x! e( Q7 j
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106884 g5 U" s; T4 ^! y5 z' f3 n
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
! D. A- b3 W" ]YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; Y- @4 W S4 ^Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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* n0 g# f5 ]8 n4 _3 ~# QLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
' E/ c) T+ q1 O1 e) XFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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$ c; Q \9 Y* f1 S, mSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .1 v' y( U: r1 `0 a$ p( i+ P9 r5 b
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018# C4 m6 q2 l2 g K/ X; u. q
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract6 e: o; u) l. z3 v
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
# P7 g, r7 S; q4 Z' x S6 C& \& G ]8 {Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
% m" W: P+ ^4 S3 F" oTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
/ o6 x) O8 m/ k9 S: S0 @$ }engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not0 m _7 i* c6 j5 _/ V+ c
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
+ t E1 c. C5 ]/ hworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly' X& b" u# T4 A$ a* W% a' _
to the standardization of the scientific terminology# c; L9 d; j( |7 [0 C7 F" C. z
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s8 E7 A2 a: n/ c% g0 g5 f3 w
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,/ O3 \- M0 [! B- g# y7 V: }
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
( _" r( C$ D" U+ N( e- J# Q( Kstandardization of the scientific terminology translation: f, I. b) J3 L* M/ N' C
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
0 t0 t5 }) d" p( Y0 nhe established had helped greatly with the popularization7 I1 m( q8 N* [: c# u2 ?. G
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
+ C1 s1 [8 q8 t uthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
0 v. j, f v+ O3 l6 c9 `for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
. [; R0 Q: K0 t6 G6 y$ `6 fthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
$ j; M* b3 S4 f. q T1 dgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
0 f8 t: ^- b& U9 E, |terminology.
" |8 Y! E; p4 [3 r9 z0 F" f% uKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
d, n' U3 F: UStandardization of terminology translation: q" ^: |( P" Q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to2 h9 Y1 J+ Y( l
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
0 ]. r" ~' P7 r, q3 X- QChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available; {3 ~) u4 c. q: S9 Z/ P3 B
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
7 p: L6 M/ v. ~. I8 n( VDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION2 F" K8 |3 X; U$ t8 x
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
0 | ~; \! b9 s! p3 v; y" }. ma great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).- x4 i! r, G/ | T$ i
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to/ g. l9 ?! P/ s
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
" k' z9 a1 B" F0 M! l" l6 _% C4 m, uSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed9 F; S# p. Q. Y5 h5 W) r* T' T a/ _
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as. s" E7 U4 B' C
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
$ h6 [1 J8 u8 V' r" O; qhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-9 T8 A2 O, q$ P* d B
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 m) m! h6 {/ `; u5 ]8 d0 e4 h+ U oworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," m$ n0 j8 w5 H* z$ C
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
5 j) t/ h, q. u2 \9 aNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
1 ?9 f3 I W/ ~' \" oto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
5 S# N% Z9 K/ r2 z) v5 Y& V$ owould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
3 O+ s) d! i+ v. e3 s1 `* G/ lrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,$ d. n$ E7 \6 j; \ R
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western7 O) Q1 I4 m7 g- R4 l ? ~
books that made him the most productive one among the
3 M1 ^2 o0 a. q/ v; cforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
b, A: z7 b- x3 j/ dtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
% E3 W# U0 a: Q. lnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
h, z7 i( R1 g) c- w2 F$ Mpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
2 F) D+ n8 @ J" UIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer* A5 m$ D6 L' O/ R; n
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
. l9 d h/ A. I" m4 \; C7 i. c3 jscience and the standardization of translated scientific' u7 J, n3 J8 d
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific0 Q3 U" V/ N5 K3 [
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
7 j* a& I& P" {% ]) i( festablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another, z }5 N% ]3 H- ?3 }$ y, `
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
6 s0 C! F5 k; K6 eof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in+ ^# s* U' y4 D9 d
Modern China.* `4 V' P" h! \* ~6 n% [
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
; T. Q" l2 l& v R+ _/ T" S! RThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of9 G) d1 \( ]/ @
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
) _! z! j9 p4 L( p: ea lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In" p0 x1 Z' E$ ~+ R& Q
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and" a0 Z! p1 w3 _ p
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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