 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
NO SPEAKING, LAITY
This is my first time to address here. XIAO FENG CAN YUE wants me to tell guys how to drive a turbo car correctly so that everybody can benefit it and identify who is correct and who is a laity but which made so much boring noise. Please see the attachment that tells you how to deal with a TURBO. Do pay attention to BOOST R.M.P, PEAK TOUQUE R.M.P, and PEAK HORSEPOWER R.M.P. 9 D3 y- V' o/ G3 e! n& V
9 W" \* p1 L- h) X+ a' e& k2 P3 ~( m. x4 P
Tech Sheet
; Z5 `0 U5 ~4 {2 y: a. P' O; E‘Frequently Asked’
1 H: r |2 Z6 L2 L7 ~" I8 n‘Turbo Questions’(In no particular order)7 o, V a4 r5 B* \; z
Your turbocharger is engineered to match the specific requirements of the engine it is
: ?* n8 ~* d4 h `fitted to. Each is dependent on the other to maintain optimum performance. Don't
( _4 \" f3 ?- F# q8 athink of the turbo as a bolt-on accessory, rather as an integral part of the engine. The
5 C" M% J2 \& Qturbo's requirements are similar to the engine’s. It is, therefore, essential that
( b/ ~" [% z2 _/ k8 @: J2 kscheduled servicing, using good quality oils and parts, is central to caring for your
; }, B7 b" j1 S" rturbo.
& C2 l; W4 X7 z. j6 ?In many instances Berrima Diesel receive turbochargers which have been2 s2 e1 j# G0 [- ^
misdiagnosed as having a turbo problem, when actually the turbo is not at fault. s1 o# i& c3 h' V
Incorrect fault finding is often caused by a lack of product knowledge. Many
5 ?$ N R) u$ i& T* F$ ^' fcontributory items around the engine bay can trick the unsuspecting into believing the0 V2 S/ c, w7 f% C: K+ K' G# l
turbo is the culprit, when in fact it is not. Unfortunately, if the real problem is not( q1 S+ O& e7 ?/ U! h
diagnosed before a replacement turbocharger is fitted, the problem still exists!$ R3 o/ ^ \8 B8 V6 C
We have a saying at Berrima Diesel which goes, "Turbos don't die. They’re killed". A3 B' {0 H% t; t: d4 |0 _, ~
turbo can be killed in many ways.% q3 x# v \8 e$ J; e3 c
Foreign object damage results in either the air intake "compressor wheel" or exhaust& A& u3 |8 l+ |/ c4 U1 b
"turbine" wheel being damaged. The former is often caused by someone accidentally% I2 h; ~- c. P& H* [. T7 p! w
leaving a nut or other foreign body in the air induction hoses. Please be extremely. j) d3 V- r/ w4 q, y! Z) H# D# q
careful if going to an aftermarket air-filter. Genuine is bests there! In the latter case,
. H) |0 U2 ] L$ hthis may be caused by part of an engine component, such as a piece of valve, exiting: S* n4 X7 i) F* m7 J! \
the engine in rather a hurry! In both cases it results in severe turbocharger damage
U {' ?" Q) `6 Hinstantly.7 Z& y3 x7 {% q' e M/ l. D% {/ n
Turbochargers are simple in operation, but manufactured to precise tolerances as fine: U) w0 k* v3 Y
as 1/ 1,000,000 of an inch. The turbo unit manufacturers balance and test every single# h! i8 N5 b& {" u) u
turbocharger many times, including final assembly. The balancing methods and
e9 C" t0 N* x$ K1 mprocedures are unique. Without them, no turbocharger can be balanced to the ultrafine
9 a6 U2 H+ ?3 [tolerances required for today’s high speed turbos. It is now common for
0 E0 e( K* u$ t; X8 A q( cturbochargers to spin up to 150,000 rpm +.& \8 O5 A p( H- Z
That’s approximately 35 times faster than most diesel engines rev at the red line!
& _- o) u* i. b/ O5 I$ ?) j# TSophisticated machinery and highly trained factory staff ensure that the highest7 U+ J2 y: b Z3 p/ G# H
standards are always maintained.
9 h# e. r4 F% M3 ^Useful tips when driving any turbocharged engine, whether it be petrol or diesel, are
: `1 I1 I* k" J& uto always allow the engine to warm-up fully, until the water temperature gauge
8 e; Z F8 J' ^- s( h5 wreaches normal, before full throttle is used. Try to plan the end of your journey
) v: \7 ]2 S* L9 X( \+ j2 _- L$ dsympathetically. Don’t use full throttle or allow the engine to labour during the last
& n5 g) \6 ?( c2 D7 V7 zfew miles. This will prevent excessive heat build-up within the turbo when the engine
3 s8 u# z+ J) S: p# H# o( his turned off. Also, when coming to a standstill, try to leave the engine idling for a
* {) B& Q) R9 b; Ufew extra seconds to allow the heat to decrease. No need for a timer though, just undo
0 C3 r7 t+ y& K/ V- Hyour seat belt first and then turn off the engine. Never rev the engine just as the
( x/ u) Q$ x* R( f0 D a2 xignition is turned off. Remember the turbo spins at a far greater speed then the
+ }. q) `( Z! iengine, but is lubricated with engine oil. Once the engine stops the oil supply ceases" G9 e3 K) D, A; H) S
within a few seconds. In reality, none of the above traits will cause a turbocharger to$ ^: \$ t+ q/ a u3 D
fail immediately, but repeatedly over a long period, they could reduce the life of your
! J" F0 y$ n$ y( \/ Xturbocharger." G# I# D3 x4 T! O- l# Q! D" Z) ?
If it becomes necessary to seek advice about a turbocharger or a turbo related, y% n L- ^& |
problem, always rely on a professional. Berrima Diesel, together with DTS
q8 s6 W$ O, T$ |turbochargers, are Australia’s leading turbo specialist, and are acknowledged as one0 K2 {% Q2 g4 K: Y
of the most experienced turbo installation companies in the world. We can advise& ^8 G4 s+ I2 u; [0 g& `! L% r8 ]. m
customers with turbocharged 4WD’s on a wide variety of questions and issues
5 s% z1 Z. p+ vrelating to owning and running a turbo car.
& O' _% o& {" QIt cannot be stressed too much how important it is, when purchasing turbocharger
; ~/ d+ ?; A% @2 `/ Z8 J. E9 \system, always to choose the top brand name -Berrima Diesel. Consider this. As with* R, H' K5 |. N) k" v
so many things in life, quality costs, and there are sometimes cheaper turbos for sale.
( ^$ P! D/ L4 A3 J% \Without the safeguard of using a Berrima Diesel turbocharger, you run a serious risk
7 v' E; D% w7 J1 [8 Zthat your short-term saving may turn out to be a long-term nightmare.
6 ^& f l; k( X# @What is 'Boost'?
2 b0 i+ T& ^7 x8 e: G; oBoost is a term used to describe the increase in pressure, provided by the* r, j' {5 t7 p- H- x
turbocharger, to the volume of air, entering the engine. This pressure is expressed in9 E6 I* V4 f6 ~
a number of different units, (BAR, ATM, Kpa, P.S.I.), but they all mean the same
0 E! y- b( \" ]; o$ Zthing. For purposes of approximate comparison; 1 BAR = 1 ATM = 100 Kpa
/ l8 `7 \( u% N# C9 u ]' {14.7P.S.1. When the pressure of the engine's inlet air is increased, the engine's power1 b; [1 h' e( A& } z$ Y. v
output is increased. This pressure increase is called 'boost'.
/ A: J1 M) e ]4 SHow does fitting a Dynamic Turbosystem effect the power of my
- ^$ I& E/ u1 q! J# I) v% c( ]vehicle?/ y- l' F, m) J( @- |6 ~
Modern 4WD diesel engines, typically produce peak torque (pulling power), at
6 y& k& R+ S4 G+ J9 t! C3 t7 Qaround 2,000-2,500 R.P.M. and peak horsepower at around 3,500-4,000 R.P.M.
* C5 E8 W2 t4 cTurbo boost starts at approximately 750 R.P.M. and rises progressively to its
- R4 H8 h" n" ` ~# T. Dmaximum pressure of approx. 70 Kpa (10 P.S.I.) by approx. 2,000 R.P.M. At this6 G9 g' v2 b2 }( a/ ? A
point, the percentage torque increase of a correctly tuned installation is approx. 40%,
7 ?- j1 t/ O- z; rat the wheels. This continues to the peak horsepower point of 3,500-4,000 R.P.M. At. J8 f+ p* l2 I. e8 I
no point is it ever any less than standard. e.g. at 1500 R.P.M. it is at least 25% greater# e$ e0 s2 P9 ]! _5 p+ E ]
than the standard vehicle at the same R.P.M.6 {* o T: S1 \6 N5 H
Can I fit a Dynamic Turbosystem myself and, if not, how long and) C! l* ~5 o! h0 A
what is the cost of having it fitted for me ?, [0 y' I, K! f& g
While most competent mechanics could probably fit a Dynamic Turbosystem,
2 e- I8 Y+ e" e% i0 x* L3 Y% ]& ttuning requires specialised knowledge. The lack of this knowledge could have- E1 a/ t. E0 Q, Q
serious consequences. In addition, warranty can only be provided on Dynamic4 ]3 V2 e* S7 q5 y. c7 C/ g
Turbosystems which are installed by authorised facilities.( e# D* L: Y# q. U o) _4 j; I. ~
The cost of having the installation performed by Andrew at Berrima Diesel is5 C7 Q! }- h: A; G. R/ R
only about 10% of the total purchase price. This provides a warranted, correctly q6 B8 x( ]9 j. L! C6 r% y
tuned, "no hassle" installation for the customer. All diesel vehicle installation can be
, w6 f5 {% H |/ i" ^. e. iperformed in one day.
5 Y* n, V1 L: v( F8 ^. S2 Y, j: ~# mWhat creates the most heat? Fuel or turbo boost?0 h+ c% l, t) Z2 c1 n
Diesels do not need an air control (eg. manifold butterfly valve. The only ones
2 W# r, R/ b$ C$ j3 c! wrequiring a butterfly are vacuum operated governor pumps) to operate. The more air7 Q1 K& L* }/ R" U: w' Q
the better. Add too much fuel to the equation and the exhaust gas temperature
# a0 r9 J1 ?0 H6 n7 L8 Irises rapidly.
8 R, l. _0 o- ]1 AWhat type of oil and how often should it be changed ?
" t9 h: s; z* T1 nTurbos must have good quality oil. Use either a mineral, semi or fully-synthetic
5 w. F4 P3 p& j* Rengine oil. Berrima Diesel recommends Shell Rimula range or Shell Helix Ultra .
. H& \1 ~5 ~9 H6 i4 T! P% JChange oil at intervals recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
: G- A N& l/ I7 Q1 ^How long does a turbo last ?; h, f2 b& K) E# y2 K2 P
On average, as long as the engine or longer with regular engine servicing and good0 k7 y% z! Y- P( V+ t
quality engine oil.; I: Y8 E8 O9 U* }9 a' V
What is a ‘dump’ valve or ‘blow-off‘ valve ?/ j# M$ q- m2 e8 m7 Y3 H
A valve which relieves boost-pressure between the compressor outlet and engine as; y2 Z" `6 t- y4 h7 y1 G9 F
the throttle is closed (Only required on throttle valve controlled diesels which are: }. V. \( f* z5 q* X; Z% Y9 @
rarely seen these days). These are commonly fitted to hotted up petrol cars so it
+ k& a( N- s3 a- u3 m7 |sounds good changing gears among other reasons!8 c: N/ a9 s" F8 l2 Y9 o
Can I fit a turbo from another 4WD ?
# c. x# m) x! k: J8 ]0 Y) dNo, virtually all turbocharger are different inside, even if they appear similar on the
: L! ?* O5 y& s6 {- _+ Z# f( g' V+ Loutside. The turbo model e.g. Mitsubishi TD04, is only the model, not the
4 D2 p/ {1 ~; mspecification.1 q( S, v- g; ]; A+ \& |2 H) T
Should I leave my engine ‘ticking over’ before it is turned off ?
$ B$ C) \1 ~' i3 w0 @0 dNot for normal every day driving, but still worthwhile if the engine has been under
# q- j" g1 T' s9 Y, dload or raced before being turned off. e.g. Towing a caravan or after climbing a long' r) m+ t# Q8 j0 h
incline.
& v+ E: A2 |5 x+ [* hWhy is it important to balance a turbocharger ?4 l" e* s# @3 J2 w- N. y4 Y
Without highly accurate balancing, vibration will create a whining noise, reduce
6 ]7 X& `* }+ v; {* |& k/ c# [turbo bearing life and reduce turbo efficiency.( `4 W7 y1 O, I. s% ?
How much boost does my turbo produce?5 u" I* c9 ~/ L* s! W
Correctly set up diesel 4WD turbochargers run up to between 10 PSI to12 PSI with8 w( w6 h+ K# \4 S
Intercooler turbocharged engines running upwards of 13PSI.
n1 _* t3 K/ o' dHow many psi in one bar ?
$ F' z% Z4 W1 K* m/ Z14.7 psi = 1 bar.
{1 n" g3 v5 k% J) l/ oAre all actuators the same ?
7 j! e% \8 A! w; k0 D. aNo, each has a different opening pressure and rate.
/ i( { H2 a4 t8 O; d# Y$ ]: V( LOil in the turbo inlet pipe - Should I be concerned ?/ Q! |8 o2 U* ]1 Y
A small amount of oil usually exists, drawn in from the engine's crankcase breather1 B( T7 S7 s9 r' s- z2 C: w0 u
system. High engine wear will increase the amount of oil found, and will require
6 o4 |3 Q$ ?! i% bfurther engine tests (not turbo).+ ^) `, L6 I6 v7 a6 o$ a, R. {
Should a turbo be serviced ?
6 K# b# `/ p1 Z. l8 | g% ZNo specific turbo servicing is required, but regular quality engine servicing is needed- M* {! K7 V0 j( ]$ r6 ?9 z
to reduce the chance of turbocharger problems.
+ t6 U7 x8 z/ y$ _& V- q' F7 hWhat is a water-cooled turbo ?! m* a$ W- X3 i! e% z+ S
The central part of the turbo, housing the bearings, is surrounded by a water jacket5 U/ K' V6 V# V( v* Z# i
through which the engine's water coolant is passed. This water continues to circulate
6 k0 Z9 j) M* ]" Q' Tafter the engine is turned off, cooling the turbo, and preventing heat soak.; C3 e7 w" Y6 D' ]
Do I need to up grade my exhaust ?
. Z! D- J1 X0 b) f IGenerally not. Our systems are designed to run utilising as much genuine component b3 l+ Y y% u3 r4 K
as possible. Some systems on the market promote exhaust change as it is required by
7 S; C* o7 Q' a5 f- G% c- e3 Vthat particular turbo. Doing so usually picks up more noise than performance.
8 I" ]: }6 [3 I# {& | ]8 qHow noisy should a turbo be ?
- O, U0 `/ @- e W9 vOnly an unbalanced, worn out or damaged turbo will produce any significant turbo
# k3 P( B. l) [noise.
# J$ }5 Y2 Z" d+ V+ L5 t- eWhat is an intercooler ?2 g% K8 f/ W& R' a
A special type of radiator which cools air before it enters the engine. As a turbo8 _/ p# u! Q1 _! I& o) y# K$ v. Y
compresses air, the air heats up. Power can be increased if the air entering the engine
- K3 F r* S5 P/ s# ~is cooler. The cooler air is more dense meaning that more fuel can be injected for
8 B! R# ~8 ^. o* B- J1 T7 K7 Amore power.: l `' r8 K$ c/ Y4 n6 e& }
Will my vehicle run ‘cooler’ with an intercooler ?+ [: p5 g; F8 y4 W- Q8 l/ `
Theoretically, but not always the case! We commonly find Intercooled 4WD vehicles3 k7 V# ?" f3 w0 I+ s" p
running hot due to over-fuelling and radiator restriction. Restriction meaning that hot* c/ ~% b. D( U) e4 X0 ]; W
air passes out of the Intercooler over the air conditioning condenser and finally the9 Q1 [# d( {, f7 ~
radiator. The poor old radiator is left with scraps of extremely hot air and then is
; u% [4 W* Z- L" l% s1 uexpected to cool the engine. We don’t advise fitting them as hot Australian conditions
- V8 y$ e1 E' E! p+ Gcan often be the catalyst for engine heat problems.) B0 m/ c m+ M& q9 v
What will happen to my fuel consumption?
8 ~7 i9 x" h4 O3 E1 K8 n8 V6 F/ PMore power generally means more fuel. With a diesel turbo system, fuel consumption/ W$ B# [; E/ @, [
stays generally the same and can become better under towing conditions |
|
楼主: 晓风残月
狗仔卡
发表于 2008-7-10 11:10
显身卡
... 
发表于 2008-7-11 09:19
