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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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8 n8 b7 z# _1 D, o1 eProof:
& @( G8 P, |: ]Let n >1 be an integer
9 `; C6 p0 f' }7 p% ZBasis: (n=2)% e" |' A# Y$ g
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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% ]- H# {: A! h, [4 D" \' D4 ~& gInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that" S+ c' D+ ~2 q9 d
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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, f+ O) a; {5 K, Z% q4 L- U2 eNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 39 K9 K5 ^3 C# v/ @3 }' o
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem; r0 \/ Z5 P& f+ B. d
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)& M: q- S6 m* H) b# c$ h; |/ n8 ^; d
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
2 L$ g# K B1 s6 R3 }) ` = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
b2 m, j9 H6 ]) H9 }6 N/ D* g = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)- }; [- I$ I( C: a4 v
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>06 k- ^0 o5 U" Y |3 H2 l) J
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 p* p3 [: d3 O b
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
/ c: c- N/ E: p4 b- I = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 37 |" K% y3 p' v
. J+ s8 h0 e1 Q# H% @! j& h. C) `. VConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.6 _1 J, Q$ X9 I8 r" y/ d( s+ g6 }: d5 F
# ~/ a j) `& c[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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