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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
4 `3 w! ?0 i0 z7 F" X1 p8 ?6 p8 Y. M- ]& h
Proof: % T7 I; v& q- ?1 @2 s& T) k
Let n >1 be an integer . A1 r! Y' D" e$ p5 a# P T
Basis: (n=2)
+ r* D0 B% t6 s7 W 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 35 N1 v% [- T- s% S6 I. D0 P8 S1 o
+ Y ]% c+ T4 n' mInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that) M7 ?: o- v; T0 A2 J& v- \2 @# e, \
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
" v2 w& r4 r3 esince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem7 M) x& s" e G; [; t7 V8 l; ~# }
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
2 t9 r/ Z/ |/ I+ r# |/ u" O) h# b = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
8 \6 T! k* E8 y' [. q = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
0 Y# `) s5 _9 u( v* W' A. @8 v = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)' D, g) K* Q0 E/ x2 l8 H! E" X
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>05 A5 Y$ ]/ S" g4 G/ Z; g
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
+ i3 S( t: g) M: O/ _4 n3 X4 b7 C" \ = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# [7 j# ^: A3 b1 c8 d; l = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: Z5 F6 c1 V' s0 @1 E
+ q) g6 a/ F- j% h: w4 e5 \
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.1 Z2 C' L! w6 H2 w& y0 i
2 v7 b B# d7 }* i1 A% P8 x
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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