 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 [3 {, }& i3 I# u8 EInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 U1 U+ a2 N. t0 G1 {syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
5 C, F9 f; r+ c2 L4 [' Y4 z$ |and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
+ `3 [: D+ ?& ]! Q6 ~( A0 V' `(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
& i% [. j; H B/ E3 c0 S9 ^retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
. b2 V6 |9 g6 b% h& f1 yA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
% v! c) @3 y$ Z, ^[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& Y6 x" A1 `+ [2 t6 L% v8 d(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
, f a p3 d& z! {! \5 dretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
5 w; g$ A5 W! T! ~+ x$ Spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset- l$ w1 M7 l4 Q Y
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two0 Y2 q' }" j' C+ k9 X$ l
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
* x7 x8 ]8 m* `0 c$ `- Qsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
& S1 g( i# G: J- c5 p) Kend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
3 G/ B3 q. ` ]compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 k8 ]. b1 v) R Q2 n! x. \0 {the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..% h ~9 G2 `: p
+ V! U$ |( P( L# N! V" B(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
Y- Q* R; D9 b$ N- Cand American speakers of English, |
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