 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 }; \8 S6 {& Y M m
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
} ^/ [( P: b: w6 y- l; Nsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' [8 W% F- ~: X4 b" G; D
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial) f) ^8 Y2 ^: Z2 |6 N
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& V' a4 {6 z, m+ ]6 o7 W
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
4 r3 {' F! K2 TA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
0 l4 I2 g+ P$ i$ T7 }/ r6 w[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 p8 u) N- l) Y, Y, e) ]0 g
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! j5 T+ \; X' Y$ Z, E
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on, N/ v4 m( Z x0 e
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset* g5 E) I7 I! r' S
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
/ p; l8 e- y1 U; d8 `+ Z3 Zsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
- q; O/ @5 J& T3 c% R c- Asemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
/ g. h4 s% d% S3 l0 Xend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In" h2 ~2 S0 [: ]4 p, U
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 ^, ^6 j( n( B* O- V" ythe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.., C9 O* n- O, r# M* g
x) o, s' ]- D* x& K
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* W; n8 W- z, B) }( g5 M- i1 X/ X8 G% _
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
