 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 U+ y5 i0 W7 ]0 n/ V- q- r
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- U* [' L1 R0 j7 ~) m5 z2 C6 Esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,3 z- m0 b# [! _1 T; K5 [2 }+ R' ]
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
7 u& w. t! w" O9 ?(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 T( k* C- ^# ~
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; D \4 }' P+ |# o ?/ b. F0 G' _A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 Q5 T5 S! I, [1 j9 U+ y[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* ?- i, x" W, q2 f& d( t( w) V; W
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving+ p9 m5 N) u# T
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on- R4 r# X9 L) l$ M
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 [( y. x6 k1 {6 _(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
$ K3 A6 i' d* R! ~+ b( qsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
, h) }& r! k8 I- N5 ^$ X& S) lsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e./ h, D3 q1 J" N: O0 V6 n
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In# y1 S j- a4 U" E0 ^
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,: [( t& w, C* E% v, `0 k5 w) k
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( L+ D. m7 x7 W9 u, U
k# C% \ p9 Z( @(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 O+ J8 y @8 _ o [and American speakers of English, |
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