 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
! k$ O8 m; w; N6 b4 X5 LInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- W( M$ k2 Y& k9 ^' Csyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,( X3 Y% K) A) u1 q- F$ u# Z* I4 @
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 j! L' ~& Y; Z, N3 e- n(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 P1 b- u" w7 j0 r3 z+ ^ I
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
9 _; z% {9 Z& g; zA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) D6 Z- ?+ M1 l
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
5 D# |4 v" |0 ]5 U! ?: L(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
: Q: S, N# |# e" y$ Zretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on. a6 P1 }0 ]. P. ]
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. |( S- j( g% p: c, {
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two( ~# e- ?0 m" c' F; ^
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 |; Q! F/ Y% X
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.. O/ ~0 X, O; p: }$ {* J) H: ] W3 Y
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( K. c; O0 Y1 K( A" Wcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 Z3 ?: ?" e& S: G& Tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 P; X: D/ u5 K( T' {5 g0 y7 W2 D
; \. i) I- x: I+ R2 L- U
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)) _ M( F/ v8 n- M1 ?/ i
and American speakers of English, |
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