 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
& F* ]* G9 Q7 }: N+ a! VInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the7 \$ D5 q1 |8 v# P7 M% b' i) `
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,8 f! R5 }! `% n3 q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" K2 b; D& G5 H
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
# o( \* [8 Y! ^5 `: m( I5 r- Xretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). f8 G. k5 B+ [. |6 ~. j# m! t
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=7 q8 o3 ]5 }; D3 A& V }
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 p. u2 A* b5 v2 I0 W U(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 S4 D, G6 E c/ B! O8 R3 H; O, ^
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
l3 `/ a9 f; N8 z) Y' rpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 p* I$ c" O8 z4 G7 n0 r(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two' m' ~) t! _2 O$ }" {. G, i/ I
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" x+ `+ O2 w5 v& `/ o
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
% {( Z( S7 F6 |7 h: ~end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In5 n) v; Y, m$ p7 ?7 l
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) s" J0 X. ]+ J4 a j4 [: v
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.. K. ?$ j) C! s: ?; d4 \! B
* Y/ {: Q& t* t% g& t( T D% {(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)( p& t: C4 C2 k
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
