 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 f8 m: `# Z; b2 W) h; T# E( A
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
$ K) \1 h4 E7 o' ?2 _& [, esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,* b* @8 f; n/ l2 z* [
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial4 l$ K8 G2 Y/ X/ ?4 p1 M) @# Y+ Y
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
Y8 o$ v& @" s, @, b S$ aretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).1 T Y5 c+ f. f; K$ N7 R
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, y2 E* x$ \; ^5 `/ y- F. }
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. ?: B. r- ?8 v. g! a- K# T6 ]
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving9 A/ y$ x1 x# M# z3 L* J
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 `4 `! R3 I B% h1 ]5 a; y
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' Z d% N6 Q& F% i' R(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two0 Q8 i9 y0 J! S
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a/ G6 ]6 k" |( D' ~8 p, R. R* G
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# W9 g: U! e( f) tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
" A/ ] \; ?) Q( E+ ^2 f7 w: Ycompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 n% \8 l. Y; G0 r: _
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..; t2 d- a' L8 P. p( N
4 I" I' n1 q7 I
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
2 V- e8 } R' V: W! jand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
