 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
6 e4 G6 f' } ^7 J8 gInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
Y4 p T1 C4 jsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,) S/ h6 G# A' F5 a: k
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
% z* j5 T2 \4 |, Y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" z# E& w/ [! P7 K, g5 ~, C3 V+ \
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).: U! t6 k ~/ v) H2 b
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 w9 G' o; A, L' ]" K
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 K! C, [) y' L5 `2 [* p(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving2 k4 g8 J# }9 J( Q5 w% |$ G0 t
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
( ~$ C. p& ]3 V) a) A( j7 bpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. ?! ^- X- r& @4 q1 V% l: F
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two/ {( k7 [" Q) X: z) {0 k" t
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ S. i. _9 i, Z0 e
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
8 r, J$ ?% e5 mend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In2 A& d* Q0 p1 ~5 b3 M9 @
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 p$ p' s) X" v5 h2 Ethe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. R- x C. o$ O$ n( P* G( p- Y ]+ H; q. ^; c9 B
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 W8 a6 Q. X$ I" \and American speakers of English, |
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