 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
7 w5 t7 L# Q0 b3 YInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
3 A- I! `9 i' J1 Y. g* M1 dsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in, m" x! K+ O: A/ U3 F% v6 Q) q3 g q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial1 w% N, }9 B( {
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of: z% ]0 n! x: s1 U; k+ g( z4 I+ Q; \6 B
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
$ x' U' U- }/ f/ c+ LA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
& ]+ ?7 Q: w! P d- }[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
. ]/ S; X1 @+ v/ l! A7 H- G4 j(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 l, z& {' I+ J4 pretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on- p/ j$ O# ?4 y3 ]0 s
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
@% p' h8 ^: D1 Y8 n5 @7 V" M: N(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ d, v: u; V1 x* C' g5 [- l; J( psegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a Y* x3 k& ~# E, [
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
( O6 F8 |8 J" L4 O) J1 x% Lend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In* E2 X$ ?% [! W2 N; T. x3 d
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,/ Y8 K) V: \! q$ D
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( o% o% I2 b2 B" \# x9 r! O$ E! q. z, X0 t p6 w5 l0 ~/ n
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)0 E# J' y4 c5 y' k/ U$ `
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
