 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
" R$ n. M0 L& o5 k3 i- Q; e9 qInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the1 a1 a$ ^4 M9 e1 u1 ^- e& B8 O
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 U" |) s; X- i, [+ `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
1 v. `4 t* V* x3 k: z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
7 f" V5 `$ J% ?+ |2 `retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).; [2 Y1 }9 x! J- w; l6 p) w: ?
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=; d- M# S( s1 v9 o, D, }
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. x3 z% z. d9 o/ E9 [
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 N7 h8 }8 m( X9 a* c; f( O
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! h3 C6 H" W* `* Dpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. f, v7 h& n( y- I
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two, x# X3 E' G3 K$ L' G
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
( ~+ r2 O' ~$ u# ~semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.% N: b" w0 K7 u7 o$ I7 p I' v
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 u/ ~+ F* e/ G0 jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,7 i0 \# i3 s2 J
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( Q2 V2 q; E& q( t4 n3 K0 c: B: f- E6 \; l+ G7 ?% d& R# Z/ y* [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ [' V, H/ Q O# v2 U. _ |8 K5 w$ qand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
