 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ ^) ]1 F% m) ]) L% [" u
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
; p' j# k! c+ M# M6 }9 M& ]( l+ xsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' g/ W: F1 W, N0 l0 a: P
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial8 e* t3 R7 r$ e
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
6 ^3 ]! K/ J4 Z3 X N5 U% E& Pretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
4 U7 D( w* Y' O FA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: y/ W* [$ J5 W% d+ U- d
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
" l \# Q8 C* y- p4 I(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving' Y- l& N# O9 M3 ^) U
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on/ ?3 v% h) `. N3 k
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 R( I' M& |- U: ~3 O) x' \(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& v6 ?4 j" N' x" r9 _3 C r
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a) ]: Q) q) S- Y6 z* V2 I) W5 \' }9 v
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ @6 L: l2 ]! |2 ?
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
+ Y8 D& S7 H8 ~compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,: ?/ u+ g/ z+ q3 c$ c
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, j+ A- [& |% X1 q7 q
. ^9 l p4 X9 o; K0 h6 a& A(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)" Y |5 Y0 i4 W2 q6 l8 t
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
