 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
# V( \) C& L: G, I1 C, Z- VInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
1 e1 g9 Y: t9 o# s* g& X6 j* Q6 Ysyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,. E6 {( P( Z# w+ G* R
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 H. y" y" ^! C% Y3 z9 b$ q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
" n* [9 Y/ V$ S1 aretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).: ^3 v4 R4 p) a) [* L
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=* l: c8 n8 {# y' [
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]0 H) m0 T8 Z. E- q3 r
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving5 k+ z9 p& Q! ?* y( w) ~
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' E, j3 |7 E( E* }4 q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 L& a0 F8 T* Y& |1 f* H) G(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two, ?7 E1 w. M6 k& L: B
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
8 f, L v: H2 A7 K. R* [semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.$ {- Q' m& k) I
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: q9 `6 p! P% t) Z; j) d
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% U% ^ @0 L$ g5 h7 g9 u( J# o
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
( Y, g- x/ x6 L" [& R* U: I& Z' k Y% W+ @* { S+ [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ z1 N, T3 }( Gand American speakers of English, |
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