 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The+ u5 a& P$ V0 t7 R, L
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
3 i% ~" p8 }6 E1 P$ F1 k/ Zsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,' a. ~) k) o) j1 {
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial( X. o+ O8 n& K& h) D
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
) v) N3 p+ b0 ?& Fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
/ D2 G' @; A& g- ]* R- {( E; sA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
7 D3 P% Q7 F+ A( Q; _9 [0 Z[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
6 v( k1 F* C, n/ ~* O; M(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
6 y; Z- P( l7 ?$ wretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on5 B# H# {* W* V0 y
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset9 {, x8 j, l. T* V
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& I4 S0 ]. e$ y
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
5 s+ I9 U" g4 p) j z ?semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
, H/ M1 Y9 h3 j. @5 Mend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; \/ p; G( E3 t1 y% @) Acompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,/ }" {4 q% `4 a/ ?9 I& e
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..: U; s$ V$ Z, M$ }+ H! `
+ s4 J8 x3 `9 S' e6 u
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
6 [# q* [. q2 V. F/ q# C. w5 [8 qand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
