 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
7 T3 f2 p; y9 E+ n' z8 M6 AInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the! Y* J7 u6 y: f |) y9 U2 U/ ~
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
* V' ]7 k) w. T7 E7 M6 H; k$ Iand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
* z9 l% m- h8 a5 [# W% T' _(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, V7 h% p, C, M' z8 `- ]retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).% A# ^9 U0 Q: K S% ]6 ^8 p
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# ^6 }8 s4 x' N6 W4 N
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: `8 D4 u9 B9 j1 W" B
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: Z$ H F6 b' z' p) {4 b" \
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
! R) Z6 | Z& M8 s ^/ ppossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
- }4 Z9 J: J7 _) Q+ V(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two! Z) M2 D7 j. A# H. b3 ~! L
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! J `# T$ Q5 Qsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( G3 P. J& V E' C" T8 g- g
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, V, i% I& j7 n3 [, Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,' U1 A' N6 `8 ]. G0 h6 i7 a
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 A6 z% g+ |5 y& o) b
+ Y+ l9 ^# L- N& c
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)$ Q6 c8 _7 V0 M" A& p
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
