 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 b* P( \; H! F! [! {6 E
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
8 _4 C$ N9 ^7 |syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
- O* R, `0 {9 p- W- }3 Wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
& \& a( _& C4 Y( u- J(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of. N/ E/ T) H; I% \+ U; _0 Q9 Q
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 H( i/ H! _# N8 sA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 J0 S! J+ p- C% K8 W[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
5 J. L5 `6 O% N" G; z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 |: H0 u5 Z0 X. f* \6 m+ ?5 C; |retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
) a: m+ y, j7 y* Q" X, jpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset; E5 P4 L& l3 ]2 }" Q3 ?
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
* Z! a/ f q+ Y$ U+ ~segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' |" u* b+ p' d" H
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
2 u! X* E$ t/ b9 J: W1 Iend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( b& a8 h3 I) e V! | t4 Ecompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 b8 ?: l% q. z9 Mthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..4 q0 ?. {6 s+ K6 @$ u* A
6 n% `0 H& `2 a(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
/ q& u; J5 A. `3 Q5 X) kand American speakers of English, |
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