 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The8 W' A& j+ _) t J/ {- q5 A
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the8 r7 z$ n' x% p4 O& c' e
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
7 E Q: a4 w4 u2 B1 Band uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
0 u+ t7 T5 v6 S0 V(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 W. x, _) e- U& {
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., I: N4 x9 Z" J! p* d
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=5 O4 V/ }4 d' F; M' g- I
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 Y+ O- l8 P9 ~- I6 o$ `! M8 b
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ L2 H1 a4 G8 ?- i- Kretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on1 {! ]$ l4 b4 J) m" t) b, L' X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 v+ ~( h6 N5 U; B |8 R1 `(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two) W9 {5 P3 [( l8 \ Z. p
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
4 e+ {; ?# b' i( g, @" ysemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
4 L' o! Y; L% X5 A! E5 jend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 ]7 \. @' i: V) Y: ?& Z& [
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,9 U, A: m1 n, m& h4 o1 t+ }
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ K/ t" c: `% d0 h* {9 F& }0 w- E
" a, A6 y" L( ]& e9 d' T" H7 ?(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)( V. C) ? }0 h7 h9 f
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
