 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The3 t* t2 e- s0 k3 B4 k" {3 ^; q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the* H2 ^. E5 j% ]8 z3 ]
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
! Y4 p4 D$ a1 E+ N1 o4 h. ^and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
7 e8 Q& `# E! T6 K3 | K$ f& {: L(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
! S$ j6 P9 a C) w; ~retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).3 T% Y% k+ g1 t/ ?' _
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
6 U X$ L. n2 T, ][y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]) {# C. k1 M0 ~+ j9 J
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
1 Z& f. N2 ~3 x' Jretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on W: p; m5 @$ s/ @9 _
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* n8 n) ?, R, [(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# f6 b2 ?: W, [, qsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a0 n0 V% L$ A$ X1 r
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ o; N" e" T+ Z$ \0 u1 t: s7 G
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 J; `0 D) H! ^7 y3 Z3 U3 B
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,5 d: N' N: @% v( h- @
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
0 w' D6 D' y$ K& b& z) j0 T) V; B
1 f6 t' F: H8 W _8 r# B/ N" y' I(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)0 O2 J. C: T, e0 v/ x8 p, G! z
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
