 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The7 A- Z' ~1 I! j' F1 M0 R
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
+ Q% u. Z( d6 Y7 s s. b6 Dsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
- | t) n& \) f) E* eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 w' ^% s* U3 s' Q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
% h9 h! |2 Q* u" y4 X( v* \8 eretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., E! Z$ r7 S$ d% G) V% Z" M
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
" b& S0 a/ [1 Q; ~8 |6 ][y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 J1 s1 }2 B, @' M- y, ^(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! W" t$ e8 V# a! ^' L/ `# O$ aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. F) S+ p8 X/ [3 \( {5 E( Wpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
& b* b4 x0 C' Q6 P(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two! g; O& ~, c0 m" s. P Y8 y
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
" z: i7 x7 W: Dsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
* k7 {; m6 L* Y9 s: I$ Eend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In G& X, Y, z8 U' W4 p- }6 B
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,0 D6 Y0 v: B5 @+ ?2 `
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
1 |2 l: ]1 @. m) @+ g8 J6 p9 L8 e1 R I1 T$ j+ Q# P9 ?- A! X, h
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
! |1 C, a8 h0 g* iand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
