 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
) u7 U1 H X5 B$ J: hInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" J5 n1 @9 L1 S! O; {5 ^! Esyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,+ H7 M7 J6 ]- z" t
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
6 C. ] |- L1 |8 {8 [2 y* E(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of# j2 ^# P: u1 y( H- G' Z6 I
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
% c' ~* E A, dA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: T: ], }& u s
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
3 O* H$ ?0 t R0 ]. p(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& o6 O! C2 T0 q. C
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on! x2 N- v5 P6 _. N6 J
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
2 U6 G# f2 u4 J* ^1 l- z* I(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two3 }- p4 M! U* i( l/ P `
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a- S# _( N! y+ x" j; k; v+ L
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.7 X$ H( g* f" O8 x, d7 N( k3 f; x
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( p* p, f$ W+ @3 N7 g6 O, S) Gcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 b7 e% ~2 c: o1 `the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.." X' m( q! X; m% X! j
2 G9 m) a) w% m
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 J; i4 {% u! S0 g+ C4 oand American speakers of English, |
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