 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) p. n# p& J$ E' b7 r2 ^, \# _, T. E
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
( H5 A9 @4 P; N; V6 u4 |syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,1 i% Q! C( w* Y; F! a" |
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial |) L! r: l' `
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of. j3 \8 P" V% B* m/ Y" M- {& Z, I. C
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) Z8 V& g2 b+ t+ L u, vA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
, p% H1 t* _7 n[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
* b: G7 H% q$ v }! F) S(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
5 u, E# Q* S0 D3 gretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on0 c# E: ?7 z! x9 J% c- q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 a" a- w8 d( ^7 z7 N
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- r& C4 J% w3 Q- F: b$ C" {' `6 N; A% bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
" U" y+ i* a: {9 D/ j' g2 k. f2 vsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
) b6 `' {1 d3 U) Send with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 a* o! O' |% j
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ }" ]' Q. j+ ~" ] cthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. @: C! ~2 l) |2 Y
& l! p; W. e2 U' W! G(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ O9 ]; T4 @; t% v9 D% U) Vand American speakers of English, |
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