 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
t8 W5 P" C8 o6 U: r) `) A& X* YInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ n$ [. K3 U' u9 c
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 ~! g& p' D* A6 r8 K
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial5 o4 V9 t; ], s- q- K P
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 j# X8 t" Q9 ^, R t' a4 G r7 A; P
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
5 @' M6 A7 S x9 \" H' u; E2 G$ uA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) [* m- Z: C5 w8 f
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% {4 h4 y9 b3 Y. L! S% O* P(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving( h9 x' c9 ?0 @6 }' A; c1 ?' R3 S
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ ^! u" C/ S- Y9 K$ ?
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
; s0 J- R$ G; B9 |2 Y(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- ` V1 `- @6 n3 Q8 I% d" rsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
. a D; |( f1 u w# [semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# z" x/ B6 B1 T( T; _
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( n/ |: I. E$ ~2 Qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 I# h7 ^8 }9 dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
7 s* E; P3 G/ M, {( w7 a7 p6 t0 |" g$ m3 s x, d2 Y k" [( N
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
, l2 ?- _ T: @! _' K* X: b1 Wand American speakers of English, |
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