 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
- V8 n( l/ a0 @9 kInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
* V3 K2 o! B- L: Lsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& i. C2 u7 k7 n* T% s9 R6 a
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" F) v" |$ B' {8 A
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, i, }) g) H8 ^: G& t
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).1 j6 G; i3 Q0 l
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 B$ s. i* {. x M# \" X# P
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- A! U6 `1 s" ]9 m" G$ B
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! d7 v3 V5 D! {8 B. w' jretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* I4 V% _6 N% E1 ]& Qpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( A! ^0 B1 ]* D$ c8 Q# n( c(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two) {* V% w" d# ^# {& j( T8 @% S- I$ }
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a5 ?8 r0 U, k* m* z& r; q
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- v1 H: u* U2 C, B$ t5 ]
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: s1 E1 S/ D+ x& m i4 Scompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,$ l5 y" t8 n3 |. d5 E \- ~- l6 W
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..% z# m+ ?0 [, g% h5 @+ S7 ~: Y
! [1 v& A: Z! x1 R
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)8 f& K$ M( [- }% ]* N7 m2 `+ O
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
