 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
& ~ d1 z4 y2 X: aInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
$ q( p9 G/ O- csyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 Y. C0 T1 n, z8 J$ {$ W2 _ T9 U
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial% n3 U' g" ^+ X
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
1 c# Y2 z1 _) Q- }, ^& Qretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 I' K1 Z+ ]/ ^( n8 L+ r4 z6 l7 iA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: q$ L- a9 K) Z' ^
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- D0 ^1 |6 D9 J7 z0 a4 h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: z2 A: C& S/ U6 o+ s0 @
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on8 t- r: E. r5 S) J
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
6 g; E# a5 b+ D/ t# [* q(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two% a" }% m& X- l6 l# `0 B6 E" F
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
6 U2 b8 B: ?1 r, Bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- @( b/ l+ W0 ]2 }
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In. g& q# e+ f }1 i" C$ w; w
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
# `0 u& F# z$ t9 l4 zthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..% X# z$ b e7 `! Z9 Q' D
3 u- q+ v, s# h0 W. s" u3 i5 s8 a
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)6 l% Q" j" x0 W& w- M2 X0 Y
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
