 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The% ^9 X/ @, P4 N% R+ F- ?
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the' R$ `+ f# o8 Z. R9 Z6 L% ^+ Q0 D
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,6 Y% C* B. i6 ~% ~6 ? ~) [
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 ~% l6 a V' I" M" q" y/ M+ z) q# c(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, }, |/ |+ Z- \1 M5 C+ kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* g( H, g# H) s* mA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=9 w7 k1 x* A/ { t8 y) |6 M" M, s
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% D8 a% c: a+ E9 R! f(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
/ g/ d2 f& h' ]! \- }) `retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on, `9 y* w4 j9 b2 d4 t
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* r7 V' [% U" b* ]/ l [1 q i(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
, s9 i' q" L; s$ l; L8 l, c# Zsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a% ]) V1 O7 g+ p+ z2 o* L
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
5 ], q ?. ~, l' h; hend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
. C7 D) F* e3 `0 L rcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! V' ~& n/ O. `4 _3 V% s: n ]the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' H5 [* v/ c; M5 X2 X; K
5 ~4 H6 \2 x$ f% n6 U; p3 E( @(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)' M# G7 V. s! M7 O+ a k7 u9 i
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
