 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The6 I/ Q, E) Q; B% R2 V
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the# d! ?5 J, ^. n! {" }2 T; n% }
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
- w2 `3 [. S4 X' d- E7 W* b& Gand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial% l/ B D3 D" c# k5 R9 L, U- N1 I: D2 T& I
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- r; H; p' B3 u0 l% e d- p
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 C; l$ j/ E+ l# ]; }9 R
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 p4 S$ z( L Z' a9 i+ E, P x* u- W
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
6 X( h5 ^! I6 X% l0 [" M8 r0 @(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving# z# y! P& ?9 g* G. l
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
9 s1 G' Z1 }3 Q& w4 X2 opossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( \/ ?+ b/ c4 U2 b2 n(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- t* I) C- O! H8 G% g, ?& bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
, [% g. H! k; X! l) p; ssemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e." U2 q3 J0 _# {1 g! f6 n
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
j8 s9 D% {+ e" Icompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,7 p. d/ a# R H0 Z' @" L% q* k
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
1 Y2 a( ?3 ^) ^2 c3 Z l1 r5 Z
7 _" O$ h. g1 W6 U(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
( i8 N$ a6 q! v& Band American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
