 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
, N9 @- [% ?3 H6 `8 r2 t# zInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% Q4 Z3 I: R. y7 ^" Z: C [) d* c
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,8 ^$ a! Z! r$ _* X% h' W' E
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial, }# W0 P/ k9 [* I8 K ?6 u. ]* n
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
0 Q; F; y1 s0 j. I# Vretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).5 `$ }( r* i) K8 B( q: ^+ N+ D
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=" N; {( E6 `+ B; i. U6 N
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]- T9 j; l7 O! y0 y! B
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving$ B" F; ?- \& K
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on7 \% x2 Y' b/ t: f
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* t" a# v0 ~6 b) c R(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
& {5 t& ?* Z" W5 ksegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
5 a. `3 w9 V0 W1 Q6 Osemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 T0 C/ x5 }+ e5 c _$ v
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 S( s! _/ S9 {: H
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,' L7 t+ ~; m0 v- h% R% X
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
1 i: v; ]: t5 J2 |
0 O7 @* x" y+ z8 u(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)4 H; n6 b; f! o& N8 K* ?" X& ]
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
