 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
4 a- {5 k1 v; A! E) VInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" }; ?4 [9 B: S. s* T6 C2 osyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
& A6 r$ J& e: D- W/ Fand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 d+ H. m) r9 C" w a! b; W
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of; `* { ~ u. n6 o; v
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
7 G q9 ]" H- @6 R8 |: `A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
. L, W% Z* G) Q[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]9 {& i! Y" F. i/ m3 ~- Q& K* C
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving4 j& h; t5 q4 Z' E% T' s1 O. o
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on. M( _8 i' r6 ~8 K
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
0 i: g. ` k- k! h* U" M1 x5 U+ J8 w(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two$ j% P# w% x6 \* [& g" h. r+ N" K
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 ^$ x2 a. _; |- C( p; m g# `5 wsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: y8 I' k# g) W6 y! b+ ^
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% {/ l2 ]1 a, M qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,6 C3 N- u. }3 l0 G
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# c' K `! d% D& q- r! o5 `- [. M" j$ C
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)+ H" O7 `, \- }* n
and American speakers of English, |
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