 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 X$ c$ e7 S; U2 f9 ~3 ~
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
' A- P! t& Y2 `) m, C# tsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
H* r0 l+ r5 S' yand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ b6 Q2 k8 b3 P3 x
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
- b! |# l, N7 pretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
/ D+ L1 u1 b4 j$ S H( H4 }- ]A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=. J/ ]. b% O) D( F5 s6 G
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
" T- H# {) \2 ^# v$ t3 v: f(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving- l: v6 r& R/ b _! A9 K n2 C
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' ]- Q- Y+ ?# Q v/ J" B( x V
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 B* T1 Q9 `+ x7 H/ p" C' @+ o3 Q(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two9 X/ j* Q, U+ p1 W) K: k
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, `) k) Z0 i) n* B0 C( f. z( s7 L5 W5 a
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.. ]- d4 R: O! U2 {* E* ^; w
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
3 M7 J$ s7 f& b: m2 tcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
2 m6 m- f. \- M2 U7 sthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 w( r4 z" [" K7 k- ` P/ P# P! \+ T4 N
8 T) b) H& K/ k7 P2 F* ~(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)* V( U* f) j/ j0 D" h6 g
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
