 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- z' p/ n6 |+ F( ~
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
0 i( O8 s( v* [0 P; R& Ssyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 U; i5 Y+ G6 aand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial# M a {" Q) O0 e w8 U9 T
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
3 g; R8 {4 l6 Y% r. o, E8 {retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).; |% t* d& i1 r- J$ ~) |2 J
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=* \* O: h2 A& B3 K. E$ e! O
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. k0 m8 G6 h! h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 ?3 ]* V4 T" B; |# _7 Rretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on5 T2 d0 ~, C, V- U) F
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset/ M" G* l' T5 x5 ~
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two- {' |# ?6 ?. `2 E: Y3 ]* ~
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
' B8 i! l& B8 p' _semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
4 S- R0 H( g5 H: \7 n+ g nend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! A1 U3 p2 g( ucompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
/ M9 E2 ^+ K {0 N3 d) {1 T8 ]the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 V3 w$ I6 L: R
3 c) J8 o5 [* w7 B! O* i
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): Q1 I2 _) x9 d1 j( }
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
