 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
5 ^( Z/ s) S- Z1 ]Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
: H4 N5 v& d, e& I7 d8 I! T0 Jsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 h% E' a# |0 Z( L: L- _and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial2 u. P) [8 a5 H8 p# v* P. }6 b. b
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
8 p9 O8 a( B6 C H+ E3 ^retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
& H" Y1 i) e/ w n- sA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! P- X1 g) [, y5 \. j
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
$ O$ l! J0 G& [9 b6 G. [! x* L: ~(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. q4 N. z9 P5 N4 X; n0 z+ Eretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. j4 k2 _& b* K8 H7 D& E& j0 hpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& q |. p- G" N% j
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 o% a0 f/ z7 t8 Y! o9 k+ ~segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a5 E. d3 o/ x; c) h
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e., o. w/ _" G" T
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In. M0 [; \" s$ m) c
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
0 `2 h- A$ G" Q$ l' w- Bthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 C1 Z" P$ {7 E0 _# k' s$ [
+ T5 @7 n5 {3 Z i3 N F. S
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): N& K. Q1 k, ~& D
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
