 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
- l# c; L; h X/ GInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& H2 T8 }* `4 q/ F" d
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,4 M% m, ^7 y. y! U$ T: G) A
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial1 Q1 g( |. ~1 W
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of* J' S: Q2 }; y+ i2 Y6 L, f* E
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
! ]9 d0 s) {, u' z7 p7 hA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ G$ r& e/ \: H: s5 l[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
. R* P$ p+ k' [ b(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 U- T. ]$ O# @+ M' m; @0 L* ~/ qretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 Q' x- v) t, {$ r
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 G* l! g* p8 D(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
' ]4 A h# o4 p# Q4 U% Msegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! T7 T; U Y7 V K6 ksemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! j6 z: S- q2 Q# fend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In( F/ {. n0 ^( V3 N. @: B
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
1 W0 Z0 ?) u: J1 _1 Kthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 @3 }. A _$ S2 f9 ]! m
" {4 K/ E3 c- v% {1 q) E3 ](source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
5 z5 L" [4 l7 |# Wand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
