 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
+ v2 S' d- R; Y% w$ w, uInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 d9 v3 g% i4 r! N) Y) c3 O- b' Fsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
, [4 C4 w7 p5 g- H+ eand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" t3 F& c1 I! Z0 f
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of5 a- S) P6 U5 G1 k2 b, _
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).( Z1 t- \$ U& a; Q0 u
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
# o* P* l$ {6 C. k; O0 z" S& a[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. m3 y8 m. F. \& \+ b# n
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
) f9 x4 q- m2 v$ B' r' R6 Fretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
' {% n4 f( R% W2 ypossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset' K1 a& i$ L5 |. ]
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two0 _: a5 p. I/ A* h0 R4 F A
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
# Q* U4 C7 \- B0 P4 z' Asemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
3 g3 _+ H( |9 P3 ?, S7 @7 L4 Rend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: N; [0 l, J8 A* p3 y& ucompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ z4 F2 }1 E) V7 d8 i7 tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. `! J' O2 T8 k0 W1 Z3 v6 g; @& T7 T' C9 v9 E
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 Y' I) x. Y' nand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
