 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
% ]: F: L$ _+ M( wInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the, d) g1 s' y/ \
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,3 i. w% L1 K+ ~' P" I
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 N% L' ]* u! a, B7 J7 m! W8 X* _(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- H5 m6 o7 Z6 F# m( e L
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).& [3 L$ n9 \* X9 D2 I
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
7 O7 J- w+ z" B[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
1 I/ l) m7 W2 O. ]" M) K1 `(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving" |* V. L x% ]8 K# G2 u7 M, s
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 v/ |" C# i5 U& O+ |8 G. H
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
& X' V, G5 k {$ U# l2 R8 f9 I(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# \1 [8 c5 Y. X; E: m/ f! r: esegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' P0 n' z: I" M& `1 E& o
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.- l' |; V) `; m- b0 L |! I
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; M& k+ u3 v% s7 zcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 k# x! G2 }0 H& D' P
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..' d0 ?' [: g. R# z/ | | s
3 O+ e+ x8 R5 i+ I7 {1 e J) P% F
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
1 F- A. ~6 E% T( Uand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
