 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; l1 h' B1 |) [/ a- v
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the3 M% D7 h5 y- s# g
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
4 b' ?& N* q6 a/ f* ~and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial% s% {2 c- T: \: M) E r' F
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of" |. C( D& v" ]* t9 |
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).6 x, F/ J% r8 m$ o& O" w9 @# Q
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! o4 N+ g, s2 s+ d% k$ i3 \
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 _! _/ b6 h* I5 }) e" ^ e
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving6 u0 I1 n2 j. }+ g. _* X' m, e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on8 y2 _# z5 I) \
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' V2 ~5 {5 m7 d) c+ e5 M0 Y3 e8 ?(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
. K1 i$ x5 q$ a- @segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a* t5 H; p1 ^# R
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
- E3 r4 U) o8 Y2 zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 {% Y& ?' R# ]% d2 o9 w# j W/ h
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,9 F& G: f0 W7 B
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. Q" c; r1 _5 |* o2 X. F7 v& `8 v! }& ]% x: z' J- p; @: u/ q
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)5 G& E4 l s* k C
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
