 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The% G. K5 z/ m0 p8 J( W* s& ^
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 v2 v3 D; A2 T/ I
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
( s5 v- ~, {5 l$ `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial( t) X% O7 C( N& M/ n1 w4 b& ~+ k
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
0 w- u7 K* u( _& i" d3 wretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
! D$ H4 T. V3 ^* R& w$ h8 YA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=1 J1 l" u7 H+ h0 w% Q Q
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 G7 I6 P3 L) E B8 c" I
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 a) t$ r7 S0 [: @9 tretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on& g# d- {, x: g$ y. Q7 z% m
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset1 Z5 t( E G9 b: O: q* [
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& m) r) p# M+ `% L* s* r' S. n
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! [7 X+ {* F& w5 Y5 G
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( u7 j! |# Y: C9 p9 T2 M& t% k1 s2 H
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, w! q7 u4 H7 q6 s8 l5 S, kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,! h) G! x& r3 T+ D. V
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.." t, A7 C Y# x' [, c$ r: X
0 t+ ^9 i' Z' z; Z) u6 e! ~9 d3 ?
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)8 o' }4 u; V9 r) v+ D% M
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
