 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
" |) g' k! ~# H0 K7 Y5 R2 oInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
# r7 S% [$ d) j! jsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
1 l, [2 w# r, T% M8 ~8 R# p) uand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial" p; O/ X! E; z! K) i6 @
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of( U& ~# U" k( O% E! d; c3 z
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).8 f( _" f+ E" L; u Q7 W
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=+ _8 D7 c( k! q4 g# L$ @* m1 L+ f
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
4 A) A z& D9 H+ O0 s; j K(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving+ ?3 C- c' U# c, v. e
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ x0 ^' D1 j) P) W4 Y
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
: G8 F+ L3 {+ ]2 w: O0 k) W4 I(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
1 P' X# j2 D" H ?$ ^& S1 msegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a+ [; K9 }) \. I9 J4 f6 B( f
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ i, k+ t W, I+ g% K: t
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 B4 O' |) `- |) P
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,6 R" H' F# M3 _0 d K/ q
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..8 i6 U3 q+ ~ A! S% S
7 j' i2 f1 r6 I6 f
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& n9 G9 I# \8 B9 |: R5 a5 Wand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
