 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ B2 Q. E5 a( I5 j0 N
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
8 t4 n! V" P% ^5 w8 v+ q; ]syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,9 e6 O& [+ w( Q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
$ Y- {8 u* F2 @(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of; g3 A! c" m. V$ x0 ^0 [
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ c% r; ?" Y% H* I, u: X9 ?A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, V( g W# a+ G+ A* u L' U! F- }
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
2 s1 s9 _6 y8 L. _) a7 W9 B, f" F(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
9 i! ~8 p3 v8 {5 Q& wretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. o2 I( J* }# Z: ~possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& j" c0 h! R, @
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
; A5 w! j9 x* xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a9 O& F- k G, ^/ k `- c
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; L9 c( b2 u- c% c% y* Qend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In. W, O( H+ }* k1 l. d- r) j: C
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! k& U( }2 @$ r0 Q, {6 ^the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
' _1 ^- q& a! U: _" h! ?+ c, V3 k! s0 A( @0 E7 p8 T
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ \5 j6 H7 r; E5 U3 K Z' Nand American speakers of English, |
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