 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
1 z1 J) i) X1 P$ ` D" DInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 w# D. a8 a' d7 V0 G
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,7 \/ w, o+ c0 R: k' j8 }* |
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial0 N* I- \2 }% r& s/ K
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of$ W( g7 E0 ~ z. R' G8 m
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* B* Y3 s$ t! i; w( T' uA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=% e5 ~4 q" C, X' `! K
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]3 p9 [: N2 S1 f6 V* e2 c
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
5 T, Y9 [3 s" J+ }retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ W) L7 K6 G. R' F. o4 b
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 C7 t; E: o/ V7 y; Q(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two# K% C$ V* u# g1 V" ?
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
3 r9 I& W& _. qsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.2 D4 N5 Y* g* l# [
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, k* P. d5 X; ~2 a# L+ n H: Ccompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
) P" c* a; u; _# h( bthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..* ~# c( X/ ~6 } D' O
# C3 H1 B+ F k* z: {3 t2 b
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)( ?; i( t6 e9 J! c4 g. ~
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
