 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) {+ d+ \ X' f; y' q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
& f- |2 Q$ ?/ A3 m( I9 B0 R. @syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,8 v+ R' p3 p3 W0 n
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial( y% N( S( F9 ^0 g0 A" ]% |3 K: [
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
+ `& v4 |/ |% F# Lretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).6 X8 D7 d+ V" g9 }7 s
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
( V) N6 y4 M) j, _[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
) u3 O! l4 i9 J# l+ y; [4 m(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
( E6 q, E2 L' R$ j6 kretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
6 K1 n1 Y: o+ C* F, e: M$ Apossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
+ E3 v+ v& f+ ~8 h$ K(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) J; G; t, A n( }; c& Ksegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a9 Y# W! j( W$ F& n
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 X5 ~$ b2 h/ F, T5 P
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
8 ]5 l9 _& C" B+ Wcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
: q' l* K9 n" y# Q8 dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ m, F4 L0 s, K" Q3 X; F7 }& s7 G6 I! D( c/ B
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
9 ~% k @9 G$ C/ p0 Yand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
