 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The: d. Z! v- c( k( m3 P" r
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 ]+ \! d6 b7 d3 V- x
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& O: G$ B0 K; o3 D
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial) u% N; S! g5 _& s) F* {/ w
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
" _3 y. U# h) C7 i* r7 U; xretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)., B. a k" N7 b4 O8 X% \2 I5 A4 k
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
- J! E2 J7 H, Z- ]) D) n[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
+ x: ?1 V: v1 a" Q0 b(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
& X$ ?- Q; j! z. k' Z0 J2 Aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
( J1 B0 }% W) b! H; bpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 Q# E5 {/ k ^' I& ?* h4 v(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two0 G1 e2 t- U. U: x4 `! V8 O. x$ X+ J
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! _. @3 X: n; a+ b1 C
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e." _" l' H6 u0 C" E; }
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
9 i. ]& K+ K, \compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,1 c; }- k4 W, r% V* q% p
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 z9 u3 j3 ^$ s: S+ A0 }
3 n: L5 g5 x y) m: ]' r0 G(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
5 p/ o0 |. g3 G! yand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
