 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The0 o' s4 ~5 f( { `: Q, V* g) ]2 V
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
: Q' J0 \. F" H1 P$ N; ksyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in, j. h) G) @1 D* ?- D/ U7 f2 N {
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
2 Z8 e% @8 ]% Y. q+ B(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of y9 p3 w9 |4 f2 W0 _) n
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ F- S& Y6 r5 [) p, y) l7 x- p/ _
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
- y; g3 x% n: ~& ~& G! k0 p[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 Y- s- Y9 b% g$ j" t+ U7 w
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving2 R8 u% T" s) ?, ^" C% D# x+ ^
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on1 K% r9 X" ` a1 H5 x6 e
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset; o3 n( B. W: C9 w: \5 w8 J) m/ t+ @
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
7 ^4 v) l: Z& ?! u0 ssegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a* f1 C7 A7 A! D( N0 H: \/ V
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.% E3 P& n: f- b- [
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 ^! s# j1 C1 b7 k9 q% z4 Ucompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,5 r; d! W+ q! F9 y0 `
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. Q& O8 l) {6 ]; x; T' Y. j0 X" h1 O- Q
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
2 {3 a1 Y% B7 J6 A# jand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
