 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 O l& B; ]) ?. ? R) r. jInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the* Z: H1 Y( Q: y/ \% P9 h
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
+ }; z' }% n5 }' A% a4 vand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial. z$ U3 y" c+ L; u( J8 g
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of# j5 R, b/ I" t. ?1 X
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).) O6 l8 b2 i1 r& }6 Z! J4 B
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=& u5 @- U% {$ n. R- z
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& }( p' J! M* o; p* c(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving S7 P- v' [' x% n9 X( Y9 t8 E4 _
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 f6 j( e/ h+ X4 Q9 L4 J5 L( f* Vpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset5 l# [! e0 m s, ]" d4 C& j0 H _
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two p. `" v6 e$ x+ `9 n( z2 K. p
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
% t, T5 R5 M0 d- ^semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
2 V3 w! G7 X1 H1 ~7 ]end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
# L1 c) E& |5 L( I) A- c: _compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,+ n/ @$ ^6 J7 e8 Y7 m
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.. |) V3 z4 m$ A# v& T
3 R" F: v. p; Q" i; t; \: A$ E(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 R2 ?% W) Q. f; G9 O4 Dand American speakers of English, |
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