 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢! " D" S4 P) R+ G$ V
% z, }) `) W3 z4 A6 s
一、厕所
9 {7 Z( A+ n( @% s" @, b# H 在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。 6 z8 g$ x+ g3 x3 g
, c/ e( E& r8 H5 A" @* P$ z' o: C q
二、解小便 ! W* Z5 \' {! ?1 [! a
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:
7 g/ t" n; X/ I8 I7 s% W Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
3 l! V' H8 [8 O4 r9 q2 U9 P! P$ e
* i7 \, w, a+ s q9 G 医生或许也会问:
! H+ F; {' z: V0 G* D1 \- v: ]2 S Do you have trouble urinating?
( u& l7 @. o$ a0 r7 i =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)
$ V$ f& c- i* g% c# d& I2 P8 T+ m
此外,还有其他的说法:
, b* H9 |- F9 A) |% ^ to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: % Y+ k: I' Z6 e' m4 N8 r
* I need to piss = I have to take a leak. / l t, p9 o/ N0 {) W0 ~; y6 X
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) 9 z$ Q! O# p7 t, i) [2 @ o b9 e
, X, S( u/ G( ]
此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
4 X- _ n! T- D, F * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
6 m) P( \+ q( `" C' ~' k0 d; N0 w 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 6 K* \/ t) g* k$ `$ R5 g
9 J; s% K! u/ C/ z+ g * He went to the john a few minutes ago.
2 A, o5 a) G2 W7 A 他在几分钟前上了厕所。
5 W% ?3 w) Z) B T. v( r$ h0 a0 Q+ N {; ]' ^
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. & X( D" X! h# i9 i
劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 + ?& n2 }. ]. D+ t2 _5 r) |: J" z I
. p* O3 b% `0 P) d, F) j
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: * }1 t6 g# ~) \# H4 i1 n& h
* The boy needs to pee. ' V8 D9 U1 _: _
+ M0 I0 H. _4 I/ ~2 R% Q+ c
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: ) K( K7 t# `4 I+ }
* Do I need a urine test?
& \- P& R" o9 m' @! Q0 p3 j0 r+ Z9 V
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: " C2 @' F; u, M& n1 l
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry. - J) @; Q$ i5 v% ^4 c
* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)
8 A, B* x* c; o" u* ^2 W: }- o7 V- ?" v: K( E: u& d" I
如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: 3 |2 K2 ~9 t1 A5 l) `
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
6 U) M' Y4 t- \' q. k * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
* t2 a2 ]* t7 Z, P: Q * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
/ C- z: u$ r6 V, B( }4 A# g$ q * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
! m! X6 y+ V6 A* m" f$ p' i5 P+ f2 t* \3 s
三、解大便
( [5 {2 K; @3 p/ @: S" A# z 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: , ^& F( z! l. V& I! x P: V2 d
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) $ l; v5 E/ [) A7 e+ ?: d8 J
=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: ( P( D) D- M) i2 o
* The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) 4 g; g7 M7 J, ?/ b- J
5 D6 o% ?% f' u
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
4 L- [; O# \" z# F# G$ I1 _$ o * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
8 C5 u3 E$ T1 t6 h! C, `2 M% ^1 \5 R2 Y) D2 c( G% |
但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: 2 u( P( y% y5 |2 d. y# p" v
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) 7 H* L% X6 H; W
0 r0 t/ p8 i" _6 [
四、放屁
2 M/ E! L: \# J& K 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: : d4 I# k- K; F4 I2 B- o7 b
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?
3 q' u* {' L% ?! I' R! A 你放屁的次数很多吗?
5 ^% B5 h! A& U: P0 |9 p * Is the gas expelled by belching?
. Z( W3 |9 V* ^ 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) : }, j! W# T& D* z; U. {( S2 R3 F
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
; H5 e6 U0 ^$ v 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 3 k" s3 x; E7 V! h/ E9 T
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days. 9 [& ]% y7 Y- ?' f& U: ?) l. w
过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 , e- W8 g C% v' @
* Be careful not to fart in the public. 5 B* n5 @( d4 Q! @- `
注意在公共场所不可放屁。
% ~- Q$ z% ^0 D! t+ d; L! ~* z8 k1 b, v1 j% V3 p4 r
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
2 d; V' z, q. A o * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
9 P2 f. u) x5 o( M; {1 W! `# g! z( S = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
- o2 W1 u! T8 h; [6 X 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) ' f; T- y Z R, ]1 c0 y7 A
# s6 `" f' `" @5 D4 R * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. ; o6 C* V% D4 u2 A6 e7 p8 i
胃不舒服有两星期了。) * G) G) V8 \" U+ D
* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
/ D a" ^* A: |' D! q 他经常便秘。) 或
1 h! I; [: C5 V& l' _ * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
6 r* [5 N6 f6 E7 H4 d% [9 s * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 . m" V) a0 [# ?$ _! k% {$ h+ o3 L
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
4 j! O! h7 T" d9 }
5 m$ M% ]" E& N ]- |& ~1 |6 v * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea. ' B; R0 z# F( Z, B5 T
他拉了一阵肚子。
$ k' G5 J2 A! y/ s# s9 u* A * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) 5 k9 ~+ P. T9 ~- `* \" s+ _& H
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|