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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 $ l& ]" e- R) c. C. V. g- y/ U3 P
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2 `' n% `$ m" P$ [8 RCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
4 ]% g, v: ~0 X* J& M$ nBar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.1 q, X3 o+ N! E3 n2 ?
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
: A/ f2 P, M% w$ F- h! UCurrently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.0 F }/ s+ P& z' ^& M8 R( H, O1 y
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.' ~5 O% N1 ^3 @: k3 k
The country codes used are :) j; F- u3 d, Q* ~4 s/ [
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CODE \COUNTRY
+ ]3 n0 L: n/ {* O: C: E7 U) D/ y00-13 USA & Canada4 D1 q4 }% b# r) n# R. k
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)$ f3 F# r+ G* s6 n# u
30-37 France
1 H+ z8 M- |! X! s& u380 Bulgaria
9 e, s6 M1 {& @; X7 g' z383 Slovenia( b+ [$ \6 l/ @, q
385 Croatia
* W0 ^4 x1 H4 Q0 u% u387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
( x2 k; M4 i0 j& H400-440 Germany% u3 Z0 ]* p& m5 m
45 Japan5 }+ h! g" d3 G5 W p! ?
46 Russian Federation- n2 k# }9 t N2 K: s7 X
471 Taiwan1 k1 I( H. @4 a: k' i7 |$ p
474 Estonia
4 H0 |) \6 X8 w1 S1 X8 M475 Latvia. ^6 q- D7 b- _% W& F, a b
476 Azerbaijan/ x$ W% L! [& [+ R8 z0 N8 j- @
477 Lithuania; ?1 o- H" _# ]; Q- ~7 u
478 Uzbekistan) t$ P& p5 T& m
479 Sri Lanka
6 }* v2 F: U8 u480 Philippines% b1 X) @" F, w& |; G7 f& B
481 Belarus
; G5 s" v) _* P' P4 b" c482 Ukraine
7 {7 F6 u1 `5 s' {484 Moldova
: t3 s" C/ s$ V5 B* k) T9 C ]485 Armenia7 t! ^, s! x$ z& E
486 Georgia( |/ L% a; J- y, S8 {
487 Kazakhstan1 K/ K0 e* U- E$ _2 q
489 Hong Kong) E6 j8 e) T) z5 F9 U% e. |; d
49 Japan
% A: }' Q# n* E# E3 e0 w50 UK% V/ K" ~! }, r+ H
520 Greece* z1 ^! O6 H6 h9 ]# y
528 Lebanon+ G2 H Q4 x% Y5 a! j. l+ B$ l
529 Cyprus; M2 K) R* ^6 s. \& |9 M) I
531 Macedonia# P: Y6 f, M0 \& T
535 Malta) Q6 k9 J* ^6 m
539 Ireland
" V7 O& D: J5 P, ?$ o5 D, k8 [9 @54 Belgium & Luxembourg
# _( T' j1 U2 p! W; ?( d560 Portugal
& g( L3 u, }( b$ L6 h' f* ]& b569 Iceland: h8 z( Z( b, t% b2 z$ {2 z) @
57 Denmark% f0 \' E$ G' g7 K% z {
590 Poland5 E8 f/ H* X; v+ q; D' L) Y
594 Romania9 d/ ^; b T8 M* f+ o+ D C
599 Hungary
* |2 G) H8 F, ^ r600-601 South Africa" T) A" J( b* a* J* \$ U
609 Mauritius
8 `1 R9 U# X! a- `; Z3 L! ^611 Morocco
7 H" N/ b' l7 ?+ Y' b( X! V' K613 Algeria
/ Q8 F* P2 k" d& `5 j7 C619 Tunisia& ^6 ~/ H( [2 Z8 N3 d0 z
621 Syria' T$ z- x# S. l0 {, J/ F4 P
622 Egypt' `7 N: x$ y) s! ~
624 Libya
- H# T' c: e8 `* h625 Jordan
5 I1 d) h7 ~/ Z; G9 ~2 U3 x626 Iran. j8 m" s9 ]4 m( u; f8 F; J
627 Kuwait1 m9 |1 \/ Y7 X
628 Saudi Arabia, c2 U3 ?' K! R5 Y2 Y8 x
629 United Arab Emirates* u( X2 @. H }8 t) c# F
64 Finland ~2 U1 n. A% A$ Y( @. n
690-692 China
& w, g1 _$ _" n# z+ k70 Norway9 K& _; L+ ?1 E7 |0 h% L, a
729 Israel) k" J/ G9 r/ }- [( I
73 Sweden7 [- ^6 b3 N6 Q6 S/ X' w4 k9 b7 \
740 Guatemala
?6 q/ K4 A4 I$ S# F2 A$ M# l& x( \741 El Salvador, T$ [8 J# A4 P' q, \8 N
742 Honduras
& Z# m0 R* |& r) Q/ E1 y743 Nicaragua
1 F& x0 B+ r! j2 w" T/ W744 Costa Rica
f! H% {# F" M1 M. K+ j: j745 Panama
4 u, a1 N5 p1 i6 I746 Dominican Republic
/ x: n2 [, @5 j750 Mexico( j5 i% d. t; C9 C2 F* P; S
759 Venezuela
' h4 t2 H7 }: q9 [76 Switzerland; n' Y9 g3 Y/ x$ P( c! e2 E
770 Colombia
+ [. C4 w6 _" v: g7 @773 Uruguay
- }) U% W6 l+ a9 P' }& y$ y775 Peru) E6 Y7 H# w: e# d7 _/ D8 j8 E7 @4 V
777 Bolivia8 W2 ^$ t8 ]( ?3 F- _
779 Argentina
: X* n2 f3 X- f* z% h/ ]780 Chile/ Y; n- {4 A+ u; r3 c1 h, e6 |
784 Paraguay
0 }4 Z- b! e' C6 Q! B7 w* B% Z785 Peru) ]9 j5 x# X" v! r4 x) n& Z; y6 t! w
786 Ecuador& O6 A- F0 s$ o( D
789 Brazil
+ i1 s) G, D ]% T- @4 \! M80-83 Italy
, `) p$ q$ ? f3 L6 w! J84 Spain
0 f7 d" C) `' G {2 a% n' D. U6 I- O850 Cuba+ b4 W7 `$ c4 E3 E/ f$ I
858 Slovakia
6 P; |6 @: F# v( D8 @- W g0 B$ O, _859 Czech Republic
& r; a9 ]/ K1 X0 ^. Y2 g860 Serbia & Montenegro
( [4 D! A6 x0 Q6 C! l8 L$ f* O7 M4 U869 Turkey
# D) c7 k* n1 S+ R1 I/ l/ X, e87 Netherlands
( g# D9 Q* T+ M9 J3 G; y6 ?880 South Korea0 I' X7 K! |6 h/ b
885 Thailand
* }2 g* C8 ~: @. s888 Singapore1 N! ]) ~& Z2 ]* ?8 y$ C' J
890 India
2 G8 Z: O2 T; q+ R) p& D" p" |893 Vietnam* p, M0 N, U9 w7 I) E
899 Indonesia) K1 \! }, ?5 B
90 -91 Austria
9 D% J6 v6 |1 l# y0 b93 Australia
' k9 g! z+ f3 ^ u9 V94 New Zealand2 {, n W4 l) E
955 Malaysia" g% ?) |: c$ s
958 Macau" V! T' F- s. W4 J! e% i& l
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)8 W+ [6 S0 Y% z. U
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
% F3 @& Z2 D! ~# ?979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm1 t" N- L6 g& v' d! @8 {
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