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Accounting system 会计系统 & S: Y5 Q! v8 \. s' L
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
, V! q* z& n, Z# ]0 d$ vAmerican Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 1 W# S+ p7 y/ h$ Z$ [. Y
Audit 审计
% C. _" }' k: |Balance sheet 资产负债表 ! |: z' t# m( ^3 e7 k
Bookkeepking 簿记 # a/ ~& r1 j. g; P1 b! Y2 Z
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 2 D4 e0 \+ a- M* c5 D, W9 \
Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 # t: g6 Z: Y- F
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 5 d# ?+ W' R: X0 j( R
Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师
6 y1 b: Q5 f+ ]7 [" `, ZCost accounting 成本会计 # h: E1 q% V) M; Z, {
External users 外部使用者
( h l2 l" a* F5 p9 Y. o& QFinancial accounting 财务会计 ' g0 V9 X) D9 R1 X6 I; P% C- m5 v6 @
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
2 ?) {3 T* m+ s2 ?/ DFinancial forecast 财务预测
: X/ w9 J' [/ aGenerally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 / E" a4 Q. J0 o. ~
General-purpose information 通用目的信息 ( f d! ^' p( W; i9 b
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
# c! D3 ^7 Y% k! E4 O( X+ IIncome statement 损益表 # h, X' F7 o2 u) R) V. a) X6 B) H. r
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
7 I% }# _! R4 U, Y# I! E2 c3 eInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 * M3 k0 {6 D* a" Z# N/ |
Integrity 整合性
' O4 k$ S1 n$ k9 c: CInternal auditing 内部审计 . n. e9 N2 U* y9 D
Internal control structure 内部控制结构 - j9 J9 L( \/ G2 K+ h& r; I
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署 ; _. p- x8 K/ o% ?4 V
Internal users 内部使用者
, _! y7 u: S1 o- d. b3 TManagement accounting 管理会计 7 q8 e" ?- `2 C+ O7 ?. T# [
Return of investment 投资回报 4 Q& M) Q* U+ [( a. l6 m
Return on investment 投资报酬 1 k1 C" F- v& W
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会 " |# P( Q# p) q* H: F' z' a
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
- ^2 T/ C- {' _, z$ W; HStatement of financial position 财务状况表
. v# K' D. l# c9 aTax accounting 税务会计
+ t5 \9 | u! ]; z* B& h4 X6 g+ bAccounting equation 会计等式 ! r4 d& U8 h- t
Articulation 勾稽关系
: r6 J- Q" p a8 EAssets 资产 0 r; R# H: x2 j1 Q- \
Business entity 企业个体
6 ^4 j' p3 g" M3 @Capital stock 股本
( F* U7 f2 C, A6 [7 MCorporation 公司 + c( Z. Z$ z* n( n! \
Cost principle 成本原则
9 R# X7 Y2 @+ d: f ]) l+ oCreditor 债权人 . u. @( x, j9 P8 a6 H! R
Deflation 通货紧缩
# q+ d! ^, {& t& ^" tDisclosure 批露 ) Y6 Y- u- i+ I
Expenses 费用 : x& [6 \: ?' l
Financial statement 财务报表
9 z6 m' |! o. vFinancial activities 筹资活动
4 ]* D7 w6 j& R: {1 DGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设 " x0 q4 D7 Q1 Z8 K' L5 d
Inflation 通货膨涨
* f3 F, m& F: e: D: q# rInvesting activities 投资活动 * S, C! Y* C5 O, j
Liabilities 负债
3 Q9 U0 g! z! A$ XNegative cash flow 负现金流量
' b3 _: q; c- L2 zOperating activities 经营活动
3 f* X) P) `! M/ | wOwner's equity 所有者权益
R7 H3 ~8 o) W. ]) o+ _" F1 WPartnership 合伙企业 0 u- O$ \/ c( X' N! h4 C; j
Positive cash flow 正现金流量 ' j8 o% y2 b* |) L
Retained earning 留存利润
% G/ J7 w3 c7 v* s* SRevenue 收入 % ?3 Q4 N+ o P2 {: U
Sole proprietorship 独资企业
: M# X, Y; f" @9 iSolvency 清偿能力 , p* P0 a5 F0 r( z
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
* b3 O! @6 u2 l+ |Stockholders 股东 ! z% P: m9 m+ k# G: }7 q' _
Stockholders' equity 股东权益 2 `9 o# v* c5 D; \& u X; T/ C
Window dressing 门面粉饰
" Y4 B& n( s+ ]$ b& M! wAccount 帐户
2 e% t1 c ~, J) g; b 0 I# a0 H0 m% g" ^" x+ t& J
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4 x0 j# r* ?- ]主营业务收入 Sales 8 D, E2 u7 G( f; @ [
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance
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产品销售收入净额 NET SALES * i ~1 O# T+ I' c: g
/ l- R1 U6 l9 i* Y7 Q1 r4 q! z主营业务成本 Cost of sales . M" I$ n- K+ H d6 c" t# q7 Y8 q
主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax
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主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT
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" j6 X7 ]" \6 i* Y& a0 O- |其他业务利润 Other operating profit ) V: y8 I5 A# v% ~$ Q# v9 C0 u
3 I6 d- f; e, y* d" C营业费用 Operating expenses 7 M" |; U: |' C3 G& I y. ]
管理费用 General and administrative expenses " s; n7 a0 y/ Q& S( I
财务费用 Financial expenses
! d" P' w5 P0 M4 R3 c$ [9 o存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks
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营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
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% w4 Z4 M- Q- g投资收益 Investment income
% H5 d9 e( W; M1 }3 b补贴收入 Subsidy income 0 t' |$ T3 t+ | x* {9 `& W
营业外收入 Non-operating income % w/ q5 n ]+ s5 f/ F
营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
3 S0 y9 N, O8 w% \以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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- c7 ]$ }3 a) b; K" j$ ~/ t利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR 9 E" V4 ]$ F* E+ W
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所得税 Income tax
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4 C4 c5 ~" z/ v& I1 g本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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