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Accounting system 会计系统 % z% g+ f' ?' b1 g9 R
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 1 @- _# H) Y7 G# u7 c7 }
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
; L6 @( K& z% |; i# CAudit 审计
8 ~( b0 e, H* dBalance sheet 资产负债表
+ r, H' | x' _" ?$ X* WBookkeepking 簿记
. ?) g* B2 v" y# \% NCash flow prospects 现金流量预测
' j# y: `& \4 ]3 ~Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书 & B H: _- O- d" d; e
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 5 T& ^5 q7 g( P- a8 C* t
Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师
; m: @( l& v4 n+ J" S" PCost accounting 成本会计
- [) }3 p# |* x' l" OExternal users 外部使用者 2 x' g9 R2 q+ k( a& r
Financial accounting 财务会计
3 Y' }( F$ q$ O6 g; m3 LFinancial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
3 }: u' d' ]) _( G7 lFinancial forecast 财务预测
3 r2 F- n7 i8 I7 f* E7 p9 J4 hGenerally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 % P0 O1 ?- q2 n4 A
General-purpose information 通用目的信息 " j* G- y2 [2 H) i! V4 w' r
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
u! q3 d. x8 T$ hIncome statement 损益表 & f) v: V" a! n9 E) B. a0 C1 Z* j
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会 + I' L! B$ m' ] q& B+ h& m
Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 , B1 W. n# j, \2 K! {+ ]8 h
Integrity 整合性
; ]* N: F. g, X6 Z8 G- B5 aInternal auditing 内部审计 $ |# P$ D( l" H8 w, _4 `3 x- P2 x4 ^
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
% ~9 S: x+ S9 ^" L1 [% AInternal Revenue Service 国内收入署 _0 h) c# q" x
Internal users 内部使用者
4 C3 z0 y7 p9 d( K8 |# NManagement accounting 管理会计 3 J: l. I+ [( e6 D
Return of investment 投资回报 7 I j" O# F0 J) u) N
Return on investment 投资报酬
' d4 F- h- }, J' {; u- OSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
9 ?0 S5 m! L' uStatement of cash flow 现金流量表 . }/ Z& |& M, E
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
; V+ d) T6 ?3 i. o/ Z C9 @4 y3 XTax accounting 税务会计
' d5 Z: X% s; h$ G3 @) FAccounting equation 会计等式
. C. n g5 ^( }7 ~Articulation 勾稽关系
W7 z& L0 Q2 T0 iAssets 资产
" K4 A+ j: }, c. yBusiness entity 企业个体
! o% X2 {7 d8 C& V" u; |Capital stock 股本
?3 M4 k6 W+ P4 F7 iCorporation 公司
^: U4 _2 e F2 P& qCost principle 成本原则
3 X6 o/ A% { M' X3 Z5 {Creditor 债权人 " V7 {' w4 ]8 k4 P
Deflation 通货紧缩 / u# w) l1 L8 n
Disclosure 批露
3 E4 j7 n) x% x4 o6 n" qExpenses 费用 + T: h: q k* n5 ?5 q
Financial statement 财务报表
$ c# g) {# e, @1 I: q1 hFinancial activities 筹资活动
* L7 u! N, ?6 s! m6 }% L, GGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设 7 r, S! i( J4 b# r2 O5 m( Z
Inflation 通货膨涨
$ }$ I! M& |% \3 \Investing activities 投资活动 ( p; g) y$ B( R T" o
Liabilities 负债 - d+ [$ T0 D+ T: n( X9 ]+ ]& F' S
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
1 |; {& O: v r2 q- c# AOperating activities 经营活动 2 e( [1 j, }. }
Owner's equity 所有者权益
4 N h; e( C$ X- M" Y% b* `Partnership 合伙企业
7 [! ]9 W3 l8 y9 H$ O- FPositive cash flow 正现金流量
. E& n+ ?- V& h+ S7 r- d5 nRetained earning 留存利润
5 z5 m" x3 ~( c+ A0 V! [Revenue 收入
# B; V# G$ V; B, J) o0 ^* ISole proprietorship 独资企业 4 U+ k- u N% l l4 W6 ~0 A3 a
Solvency 清偿能力 : s7 g' M+ u/ B. u# z) R% z$ z+ l
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 ( d# Q% n( L( V
Stockholders 股东
8 C/ f W$ x( c' @. Y5 S0 `) h; g* EStockholders' equity 股东权益 4 e8 X5 H% d4 R( e" Y/ c
Window dressing 门面粉饰 4 S* w8 I, E1 \: _
Account 帐户
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主营业务收入 Sales 8 Z( M* C$ J5 z% j( S' T+ G
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance
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5 u0 A/ Q! Z, `产品销售收入净额 NET SALES
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主营业务成本 Cost of sales / z6 \" [$ f4 D9 A7 h: ^
主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax & E" B/ T# N; f' B/ U- J
+ e0 n8 [+ Y& U5 b1 z2 j$ q7 S主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT
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其他业务利润 Other operating profit # o# {2 B' p2 P' P* C; w* {5 s( m
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营业费用 Operating expenses 5 V; b N3 d% X7 F, U
管理费用 General and administrative expenses 4 }: F% {6 d' Q9 |8 k5 f: t/ {
财务费用 Financial expenses + f& M5 F( b( {
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks - E: X6 g. K, R5 R" L
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营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
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/ k" A4 }" A$ I6 l7 f' E投资收益 Investment income
- I, M( e# y( F: }' f. {. c$ T补贴收入 Subsidy income
- U- H1 u5 d! c7 v& ^2 h$ F营业外收入 Non-operating income
- x* H' U; x1 }" y4 p6 J' S- t! L营业外支出 Non-operating expenses 1 c, t1 Z, |1 z4 z$ r' Q
以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment " }& h. _1 ?) }/ O6 b0 W
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利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR
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6 F" @, j6 E/ ^. x+ N6 q所得税 Income tax
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T) S& |8 L) N7 @5 X% m( _/ ~本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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