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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语0 b0 m- y8 ~+ H* W% p% K. o) {

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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
3 z2 [4 @: }! y1 o之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。, b' T0 ^: b; _. V* t
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
  @% J0 [/ ~( i1 i) ?+ U+ a' u9 s' j2 c- k
(1) empty suit:4 _5 C& i) |8 M* ], |" I& J
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。8 L3 n* B0 M( d) y
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)& W: u; I! g' u% @2 N' {/ j
例如:
; N; ~2 U& m" v: AAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
# T1 |+ P: Q2 c* [(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)8 r% p: l3 t  y  S2 w* u. b
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
0 O! R: f, {( U: O(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
! c& }1 I8 w' W9 J& Z5 l, s1 E  f虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:  U; K. ]  B7 |$ a, D
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
* b' w/ ?* Y7 m: G/ K( F3 A- A(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
* t0 s- P& T5 e(2) fair-haired boy:
" _$ P) U' ~" b: U9 P6 |指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
$ h/ {8 t3 C' T) s: l( s(通常用单数,当名词用)
+ G) I5 e7 Y" V# b: t6 e例如:
: z% V" X) m& P* V! K/ h" W& nMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
2 y: f& M! H; }4 `( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
8 {* D0 o) X3 ?Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
2 L# v, Z# R" L0 m1 W, M(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)5 q: z/ a1 V5 p* k1 W3 ~
有时也可用复数:9 ?( C! f: @/ L0 t
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
+ I% p1 f  e8 I+ ]5 ](Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)8 ]: G9 r0 h- W* v$ M# n
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses., r9 W# Q& P3 k" e; @) B; ~! p0 ]. s
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)* M$ B4 `* P: s
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
+ u# ]+ d: P( Y' t( m(3) fishing expedition:+ F0 j; X& H/ n5 K( ^1 \; C
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
% m( `5 ?5 T7 E% U" L' @8 H, f(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)0 p% l$ P6 H1 B% [. u
例如:
4 n5 T7 N+ U' w) eThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
: R7 E% `5 a# M1 T5 d1 _$ L* ^" |(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
5 x/ a, S- i* W3 T5 pThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.2 A# g, a7 k2 D* I
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
9 @; h' n& L% ?6 t; o. d: m, s(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)8 _8 b- G4 M' G5 o
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
8 E0 O$ e) p) }# Y( G* V(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
4 c# C  i/ x: e# R- v' E& R7 \: h偶尔也有人用复数:
" s' |$ d: K. x% H- t- E5 x0 aSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.9 \0 m, g; o( V8 J( r: U7 g4 g& x
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
* M( U, @0 {5 S; w4 v3 g. e. U# t" Z(4) filthy rich:
+ p( U5 @0 X( A- K3 S' M, _意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
, {0 V9 I4 n+ u) b' d(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
8 L8 D- P: t4 G- G) w多半当形容词用。例如:
5 ^5 \3 P+ M$ ]With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
* B( S" R9 X8 Y$ u8 O  ?1 g( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)6 \0 f1 @5 K. a2 \  n9 i! F
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
% O" K* ^: |' D( M+ `7 h" V; |0 o(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
1 u0 C$ n# X6 @! B* f0 {; ]# M0 X" j0 c- sA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.$ l! h; U! M6 U$ w3 r& O
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
" t. r' o, N5 T) Q# p- n$ iFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.$ H7 x7 N8 J. W: J
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
/ ~( X1 t. x7 B3 d5 K" ?5 f4 P(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
0 F% A6 P# w6 k* ?/ K7 k9 S- ~1 _(5) fairy godmother:3 D, D1 e  J7 q$ L; m9 b1 H8 Z6 `
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
+ m  r- u7 U1 s# ^; k4 @$ n1 @) v(多半指有钱的女人)8 A! F: i! [$ t
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
! ~  R' d2 w7 T0 ~; EMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
9 \. W3 s( h( N6 F1 e6 ]( g(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)2 L2 q+ H2 i" x3 Y) Z" ^+ I: n
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother./ q" w  X" M; W, g- c8 z+ Y$ i- x
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
' [! X; J) r' V! e, v/ o# U( B9 p有时也用复数:
- `4 ?  U+ B, R, nOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.4 ?/ m/ N5 w) y8 e
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
+ e  m' ^: w' o/ ]- t( q" QIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
- e  P: k) @" r, i( d! Y(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)2 o: w0 x9 i* h8 J8 a( A+ P+ O

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6)eye opener:
" G+ k) V9 w) u指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)2 F  X" y/ R, P: o5 L$ {- [& x
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
8 x9 R, O; y5 L3 j# \7 Y2 a5 z7 H例如:
( u$ s9 n; Y% E5 U- OYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
. J# [8 d: a! J8 X6 [3 v. }+ F/ A/ t(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)4 m+ D* w  z2 q; p( |: d8 {/ `
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
" Z' ^5 l( q0 q(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)+ s$ b# f) `$ H. x$ {% f8 M$ u
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.! y$ J3 S$ b# {6 ~
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)+ r1 v8 A3 y6 _- A% ?2 w
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people." Z6 s$ y* G: T: B
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)* q( u5 a  \* @7 R4 u
(7) hot dog:4 Z9 p  k/ k% Y3 Y4 C; Z4 |. c
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)) N' z% n( `9 m. N. z% k' q$ ?" U. p
例如:
4 q( P6 [9 ]& dSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
% t; [+ S- V6 c1 {' J(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)9 @- V. ^' i; C0 m
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)9 o) ]% c" l" w
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog./ z7 k. z" E. @" E3 E5 v/ l; Q
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
# m6 J6 y) ^+ h2 m; \(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
; r/ a9 g$ E# V, W% q9 r2 bDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.4 x6 }9 `* Q5 e& ?2 a
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
2 V" h4 X* {( c! }) V也指真正的热狗食物:
5 S* N5 a$ e$ YThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.* K( m5 y1 ?3 x$ N
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
* v' n: D& D& e* n2 {  {, l  W0 w也可表达欣赏的心情:3 \3 k) `6 Q4 o; A- o: L) }
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
& k5 i7 z( @( H(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)1 k6 d+ w) b- M7 T  F
(8)eager beaver:$ `0 D( I+ i9 T2 C) E. a  \
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
" j8 {$ g% E+ T9 J; Z. J9 i(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
  a8 O4 h" U. L$ V% T2 E, L(当名词用,可指男女)2 H+ M  W7 i/ o! z: |: x/ m
例如:
) o& ~5 P9 ?6 P) ~- A3 O$ J. KJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
& A. k' u% j- L3 g/ T" w) P2 m2 w(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
$ E$ V6 j* a1 p/ P/ I6 jBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
( G% f) ?2 X, i, U: B! I6 o(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)3 Z: u1 ~4 A* f5 I- m
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
* q5 v' T: n7 c* N4 ^8 z# |(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?), j) b) o8 ?8 O( z/ `( i/ r9 i3 {
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.% _* P7 u( m. r+ I* A& R
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)! @2 f* t0 H( E# V7 P, `8 `# m& K
(9)doubting Thomas:
8 T5 E7 ]8 d& J- a这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others); l; g  x  C! L' U
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
' n) I8 S+ p, h7 E# N(当名词用)
5 t7 X3 h: E9 u# }( N' Q例如:: L  g  U: |4 }! p, g! i, i+ V
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.8 ~8 P. s. v' I2 {
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
6 P2 v# I6 |1 |There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.& Q6 D% |, R* r2 {
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)+ x. g7 N: z* p( w* r
也可用复数:
9 {" X8 b8 [* J! WMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.; n" H7 r% n+ F! v) r, P7 n1 b- e
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。): r$ G! N9 M1 v3 E8 x1 _( r
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
2 m/ H3 `0 ^3 l2 k+ G+ J$ j(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
9 R" n( L) ?1 e! L% e, [2 ](10)dragon lady:( Y0 M4 m) S5 a+ \7 l3 Z
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
' @: [. D8 T) h6 H例如:
& v9 G! q' ~) t% ]( sThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.( m1 K' G$ X5 i* b6 u- \( ~1 @9 T8 i
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
+ o9 i# X6 u, D( j: u/ `I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.8 |3 U% c% ]) I
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
/ i3 s7 T7 M; Y; NShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
4 q7 q) Q  M  M8 _7 V2 ^8 e5 r(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
2 N% Y$ T" v4 m4 a+ v% V6 {, q4 z也可用复数:
+ ]6 c2 b) H6 VThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.2 u8 I; [8 c$ V9 k3 v
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
5 B1 `" j& E3 x注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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