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谈英语俚语* P4 Y, k( R: `/ P% ~
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7 |, i0 I/ o. f5 O4 C/ b在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯4 q& @6 f" e. p7 ~6 Z: s& I S
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。9 u" N- J2 A/ m1 |
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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% ?1 \- x5 P- }0 N5 I(1) empty suit:2 N4 S. E# p; E& C
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
/ s. b# V' V7 @: ?( W, c(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)' }. L, E: |; U+ M9 q* O
例如:
* D( Q: |* ^# N) W8 [4 c$ pAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public." @% z3 y8 D* N8 A5 D/ y
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
, J5 f4 A7 b1 ] JMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.% n7 m' a4 N, e0 K6 r
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
0 Y$ T4 p) \, E2 F) _虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
. U+ f# j' I$ G% ]$ a6 K' nThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
, e0 ~( H5 L* D0 o2 ]4 n% A(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)8 n" L1 r' M+ I5 l
(2) fair-haired boy:
; a4 ~1 N) o. d+ E指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)1 P Z, x# ?0 w% u, j. ~; e
(通常用单数,当名词用) Q, c6 U- V; _, E
例如:
0 n' k* p/ M; l. r6 FMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent., Y4 s: \/ [7 t' i" g
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
- r& R) E$ _; s1 z' x8 R9 d! ZNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.3 J R k+ j. u
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
5 B9 i" e& e! c* N, i! a6 S有时也可用复数:- c- V- X1 |+ N- {2 O" W* F
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.: y' h6 {+ W. c
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。): g- l; k+ y: }+ b! S* G& H
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.2 `2 N# E% d' K, T$ d
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
9 j7 [8 J I+ D2 r7 C5 x7 {(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
- X& C% [; D7 h% m0 e5 v: E, O& A(3) fishing expedition:6 |* @0 k1 Y, k0 _ W) ~1 @; v. n
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
$ N# f, X5 N% P7 J: i% a: i$ K(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
- Z6 O% l) M+ h- m- d1 T例如:" R8 R( R" c: y( j5 b* h
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
* R" I3 t' K3 o; I1 @: I: |(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。). t( c& w5 p0 ` M' r: x
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
& @+ Z G h# _(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)5 J! f& n F) G
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)" _" E& ^$ @6 r- z/ G
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
3 }6 e1 Q; C3 {) x- u$ J* B3 h(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
- J9 Q% E7 x6 T6 C( K" t偶尔也有人用复数:* Y8 b) }' s: w7 K2 {% I: B! i
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.; x8 @/ P9 C. o A; b
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。). o% i+ D8 x# M) Y! P
(4) filthy rich:
- _2 U! a1 }, q" J意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)' p9 D4 V* j! R: B! _2 X
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)2 a1 S& S4 w+ a7 ~
多半当形容词用。例如:
: j5 Y3 Z0 ^5 G: T; QWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
{, @4 R1 |& { I4 A/ \" f( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
' ]( f t0 n3 SDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
3 @3 l6 A8 R. S+ A; \(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)! f' x& X% @& k% o+ I$ Y
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
! F- y! Z" o. I* k; Q. q* N(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
6 G+ `$ a0 z; P9 M% FFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.6 r& t) d- C; R2 z) C
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)% m( d2 U$ p& B* f2 _8 I
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
- \+ B$ `% |/ Z P$ k; F(5) fairy godmother:+ ?4 Y6 u. r: I5 I8 Y# b5 g/ W
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
* K8 P3 m" X5 b) H(多半指有钱的女人). X) ?0 f- t* J" Y5 E. {3 V+ P
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
: f. B% d6 A- ]# `( sMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
" K) m9 M: h: i# T4 v6 e! l(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)! J4 W1 T8 l& ]4 S9 h( E
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
& h6 Z, Y3 N. }# M* d5 P(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)/ A* b5 f1 t) f; ~7 d+ u
有时也用复数:
5 _5 C% ~- r9 d/ n+ X- b6 ?Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
" U- L4 U/ u3 R' I+ c: I(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
: c/ j5 u+ m5 }: o6 YIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
/ h; T+ \: t% s0 [2 k(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:3 K+ X6 `1 {+ K' G6 {* N$ L/ Y
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion), Z) Z$ |8 ~2 o
(当名词用;通常只用单数)1 L7 `" w, O- t2 i# W7 U2 C) S
例如:9 f3 O8 r8 V0 C, t+ h" h) [
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& j( r8 |6 ]$ X, g4 r; A1 g% `
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
8 B1 H+ _* o G1 S7 O$ ?+ ?* SMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
; ] t, h0 V9 O* K% v, n8 ?(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
/ J% z9 w) I- d5 N+ A p( {! ^4 yThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.+ J( J& ~, c7 h5 q$ T) j
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)# @1 b& x8 w P( U# H( H0 ^
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
w7 T( T, @7 \# K: W(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。); {5 i j8 f' ~" y7 h4 a
(7) hot dog:: o& U9 d8 K' g! X6 D+ O
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用) D" _' E1 K# g5 u* W& P
例如:8 N8 T- _( \4 A! L9 @, u0 H7 J& G
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
4 a: `# ~2 E6 N2 N- _1 m, q(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
. X/ ~+ @, J: W7 x! q* m(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers): H7 S* }7 P) W5 Q! K: H
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.1 w7 ]; q9 d& a# h, T7 f& o) N5 m6 u8 P
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
% S$ C9 d1 m5 H+ h. K& ~* V' k, t, O(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
9 c0 \7 s- z# L4 p- \8 v5 lDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.% s6 [7 }- E U
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
5 r2 m* f, A+ U/ x: A$ y也指真正的热狗食物:: Q' \" m# {3 S
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
/ O: H8 o( c8 C# ]* Y; z; F(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)$ g) n& G8 A2 d* o5 @ s8 }
也可表达欣赏的心情:" \2 T! M+ o$ ]( n* T
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
5 z1 I6 X. Q9 E6 i, q(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)4 x* w+ f l7 y- o* ]4 u
(8)eager beaver:
6 R8 c% _6 t+ X0 G" z" O+ f8 ~4 I指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)( K) J8 O/ b! n8 \; h
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
2 X) y- D! w0 ?% D(当名词用,可指男女)
. {; g7 L% s3 e7 H- w5 S R. F例如: C$ y8 m' V, o( X
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.7 K2 z J8 }6 s! o) ^( w* [$ b
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
, t( D8 j7 o" |" oBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
( h* ^; S' a' \5 Y$ m4 Q' C) Y; S9 O7 j(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
! l0 P% @5 S& Y! S+ v7 ?& FDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
, p' S0 O+ o6 s" t* s(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
; `3 S! e3 O" I! \( I8 QYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.; d! i$ G6 v0 \2 i3 s* N
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)( F! F" j% H! i& Y3 g
(9)doubting Thomas:
8 f! _" J( r I3 ^ `这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)$ y& H7 C- f# n$ T$ m
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
- {9 x4 N$ |# n; q' `: d7 T(当名词用)
* A( y* V; J- a例如:
) t6 |- @( O5 I2 s KI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
~7 k4 t, G% T( H. o(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)0 E/ U% c* h7 D% }) P9 A
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas./ o9 C* ?6 n3 Z, y3 U
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
% [4 H- r' d2 {6 }5 e也可用复数:: |' s: ^/ N+ a% \8 p/ |
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
, v$ b" X2 ]) z/ s: \% i5 N' N. `) n(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
. @4 B5 w& \# HIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
! ~ n e' }6 h, c(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)" ]. v, E4 [9 e
(10)dragon lady:: K' F; D; [) L: `) ]; p/ e
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
' J. Y. y% }* y1 `- F) _例如:
' R$ m: A8 o8 q- PThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.; d2 Z/ ]) T$ A% a' _% |
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
6 }$ _- B' f) lI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
* {1 q5 Z& J% y( b* P: H8 p% d$ {(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
! D8 U6 f) L" ]1 \. C7 yShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?2 I7 m) B0 b8 D
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?): x1 F- i) b0 s# `
也可用复数:$ b0 @7 z7 m& L! O
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.7 V1 Y6 J* D& K& V& M& N9 G. u
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
3 f7 e5 y# }: _, D/ b3 M! X! L注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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