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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语3 K7 G# `1 q2 _: Q3 w$ Q
/ O5 K& i0 L. ~% `3 I" Y, S

; R7 k$ g! Q% K. u9 r9 q- o在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯/ ?, ]3 f# o9 G6 o: D- F' V" v
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
% H4 r7 `( t& V3 Y若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
6 k2 b7 q/ _( h( @" b4 N0 Y+ J5 q: P  @% S5 l+ o) E
(1) empty suit:, C2 C! i6 G1 Z4 ?; W2 {; n
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
" K9 b, J5 U2 \$ P* y3 P2 U(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。): B/ e& n# {; Z! _0 j
例如:
4 t2 v& B, z$ h/ S! b- ~An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
; y4 Z; b  w2 t" E. o4 B(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)! `5 h; y+ D2 ~9 J# W
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.# g/ ?6 c% W) J+ L  W
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)+ p) |( Q1 l, p) y5 W2 ^; g4 n% }9 [
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:; [6 Y# G6 j. C! p. j
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.& @9 b" ^3 \4 x" Y, E% U
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)' g9 C" V! w2 N( m
(2) fair-haired boy:
' g6 Q6 ~6 s8 |- \& U7 w* M( d8 x指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
' [5 {! r; u# f% P9 h& H(通常用单数,当名词用)
3 V0 T" Z3 G5 x! C: X例如:
( v* E4 J* C; T5 w! V3 xMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
7 z5 x$ B8 t$ R( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
6 d! Z  D4 [3 n0 c# O4 MNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.  W" ?. L% {2 f  B; t6 f
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
, D8 g: t5 \. N0 M, A8 E6 K有时也可用复数:
9 N2 j' T0 n& r9 a. {# \! i0 ^Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
( {0 I* ]* {4 Y! _(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
' y9 X- W9 O; N5 ~Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
0 k8 B3 H( E3 |4 r2 w6 s(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)5 |, K$ ~  b6 @' R
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
! h, K" H6 g& t1 c(3) fishing expedition:
* e4 P7 ]# ^. q  ^9 ?) C, P为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
, l  A$ r9 ?# p" j8 `7 E(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)# f7 S/ K$ t& X, N1 e1 N' Z7 q
例如:
- s. \" }  t' i: `* YThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.0 F0 P  H/ F. j: f) o" k
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)  U7 S% ?% @1 T& z4 a
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.( {/ n* y' H. A0 X0 ~7 Q, e2 b9 u
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)! [1 C: {# H- a+ m  |/ E
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
5 Z. E* `9 m: ^7 t, M( s0 KThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
  F3 ~. {3 k. p/ r. Z: s3 W(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
, x% N6 d3 d3 Q, M; x4 b- N- g偶尔也有人用复数:" |4 y' n7 X% F; W) }
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.3 R6 Y. _& p& z' a4 D
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)/ u& h8 K7 J$ |, r# K- t
(4) filthy rich:) b% u; ~) Y0 P, ^  ~
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy): x8 h# Z# }& b: i/ L
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
7 ]) b4 v0 D8 O; r% H2 d$ D* N多半当形容词用。例如:, q1 ]* U" V/ z# |9 q4 H
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
  \8 `  K6 }1 d% K, R, c/ `$ F8 \5 h3 e( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)% @6 ~- c# H# B% K
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.% M- ?) f6 V* s+ f1 ]; k9 D
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)9 w  F6 ^, R$ w# q# V# E: f
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.+ I% y- g5 x/ L: B: T3 [( y. r
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
' R' J% @$ O) m  O1 p# D3 FFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.4 M1 I& `1 [5 }3 L& u& n+ j
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
* B9 E9 \, F7 Q(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)% H+ i0 n8 f8 Z4 M& l
(5) fairy godmother:
" \; J' U. W$ D& s指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
7 A+ S! O* H' e6 v9 m1 Y" ](多半指有钱的女人)
8 A8 T! q  p: j(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:: \$ B4 H$ u- o+ g
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.3 Z4 `1 G2 r6 j; U+ ~$ h2 W8 n. Y( N
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)1 H% {$ x( c' G+ L2 @1 K
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.  ^% r6 q) P) {9 q: X
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)  T# C- V% D2 C  L/ j- {
有时也用复数:
$ z* [2 r& O9 k7 G3 {6 w: F: WOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.+ ^+ ^/ Y1 F6 x+ N. S0 Q
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)4 I/ T4 f' {! W, O0 }$ s3 M
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
& T$ Z2 V) G, C+ e(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。), r" B* w" U8 R* c' u! i2 y9 n

* D" @9 v% o0 g" `# T: q7 L. q  M. Z& \
6)eye opener:
. k: E, O  q. [7 h3 d/ V# @指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
. W1 H7 o' U4 [6 k(当名词用;通常只用单数): A9 a& T3 l1 t6 ]) b# I5 b
例如:6 k; @1 J# E7 s4 p! f
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
+ \" c0 g: r1 i2 r(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)& ~6 ~7 |5 p0 k/ ?/ M" e, C0 x
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener., d! a, J4 s# l7 i1 e" }  Q
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
' {- Q1 I. ]" Z3 @The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.  o7 b$ I  W7 j, K/ x
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
) U  S7 y$ \7 t$ U8 w  tSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
2 i. A8 z3 N0 f: d1 g$ ?(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)+ Z* i5 s+ d7 J( R5 O" |
(7) hot dog:3 b" v" j2 g9 H* H5 l  k3 }" _
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)8 L9 m& _2 E# f% Y$ O5 t$ A5 L
例如:6 S2 Z: d! |9 ~$ @0 j2 D, w
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
% M' S+ K- a. i; g8 B% {( @(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
* D% K; _: c* L) J$ K(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
* s; l2 N1 N6 L; _In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.$ L! x; M1 M6 r( O9 l' O. l
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)# j, h% E( o4 u, a
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
+ u" n9 w1 @) Y5 _6 k! T( J: _During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
, q( e! `- F' `/ l  A(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
1 ^0 R' G, L( z5 X+ O也指真正的热狗食物:( P" p; `9 t  `9 N- o
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
) z0 t$ k7 V/ |" @" H(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)3 [% R. ~6 S( p. q: u4 h
也可表达欣赏的心情:& s, P, b/ }* Z2 {
Hot dog ! What great news for me.+ p4 `! }6 j7 l
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。); ~/ X+ q$ K+ U, A3 [$ i4 q/ Y
(8)eager beaver:  g) {  E) T7 ~0 r' G/ r8 [: m5 D
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
/ Z' H; @; q% N+ ?$ I: m. C9 L(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
( V, B2 J8 L3 Y- S+ D' U4 K(当名词用,可指男女)
% D9 }% k  G, c% U例如:+ v$ I) c* ~3 g2 h; W" K
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
/ n; A( Z& a* E$ f/ |8 o(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
( w" t7 a. W2 E8 ?0 r& _Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.5 O3 i& H# w# `* q- u2 x6 A
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
5 t4 U, S7 g; l# u) t+ A+ qDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
( g/ d. L; Y3 I7 k* `& m- c" ^% y(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)& o# Y/ R7 g0 B
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
/ j" v+ Y& w( o3 R: N4 g(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
0 V! t5 b5 D3 `" Z/ j(9)doubting Thomas:
1 n0 Q3 y5 }' F3 [) n, d6 L( p这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
- T$ ?5 v8 e1 j/ d( ](这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): q/ V8 O  r# t) q* Y. q$ A
(当名词用)
& w  m5 Y5 S( c3 K7 T例如:; e1 J7 \3 O" d' T
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.& U6 j  ?; [, T4 x$ z
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
) r  B& d3 [, N- ]There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
3 I0 n8 b4 F3 X0 V+ G& i) z7 f(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
* t2 Q7 S! l2 }: G6 L! H. f也可用复数:! I, |, J0 z" s# [
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.2 m- ?" n* X( h8 Q1 P
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。): l0 E" ?3 a( S, L( C' e  Q
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
6 Y, P- z/ O, r  ]- G9 F2 o% v(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)3 K! ?+ F1 B0 y- S# K
(10)dragon lady:
4 e% P0 E( u4 m指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)1 @$ x2 c0 r: L1 \0 X1 }4 _
例如:7 ^: i2 H) u& L6 X$ j4 M: Y
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.' M$ o9 E1 J/ O( }; E, k) q( J
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)) i8 X8 {8 ?/ L" Y$ G7 g% [
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
2 v# `: j& O6 c: S) A& [(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
5 t( ]4 f. N  J; G( _% CShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?: O; K$ |: V# `( A$ n
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)# j! G% ~4 b% q* c
也可用复数:2 ]; u9 o% Q6 A5 F* y- }% D
There may be many dragon ladies in our community./ h. h9 u* l- x: z
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
2 K8 M9 I, T+ h0 M注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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