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谈英语俚语
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: K7 T$ l, n7 S( ]. S在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
1 b d! W& ^' _0 q3 m0 \5 _% S之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。6 \4 }* x3 g. c+ n
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!- H8 K8 N* P O% r
4 ]: }8 |$ p+ z4 ~9 t(1) empty suit:
: |2 r" L9 I" ]5 ~ U5 \' \2 x指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
^8 Y+ L c- R+ I. e$ c8 _(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
, l# x' a8 l, W' P例如:
) x+ X4 p* u- N u% t; O# W9 `An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public." x& I, F8 o8 m4 c3 S/ U
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)1 Q g# D' S( K' e& x
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
4 J0 x& j, _( X( j8 v(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)/ d& Z" U8 P. v" w8 ~& z
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
( ~9 I9 B& a0 e' p0 YThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
/ ~. Z7 L2 g6 |* @# ]+ y(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
6 ] f, M( m) d r$ |" Y8 K& A8 A(2) fair-haired boy:7 M# R- J+ \. \+ G9 ] q. B
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
2 M2 M& P- f& l! b4 L(通常用单数,当名词用)0 g5 R1 E5 i. J
例如:
$ @( P8 j) M+ f4 Z. S" [Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.5 M: j2 y/ F5 q( ^. X; h
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
+ N3 I. x2 w$ [8 P- Q& C YNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
- ]' Q( R) n) M1 F( J: G4 ?(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)+ U3 f6 S' m" w( x4 ^' T" b# U
有时也可用复数:6 |# A$ ?& y. i
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
; A; {) E7 v/ w a7 Q! i+ C(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
0 I- B& a& k' i5 MFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
" U+ P b# [2 Z* F7 t0 e" \(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
( d4 Y- b" Y7 z p4 H8 G& A3 N(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法), L. z& o4 {* v( s! c
(3) fishing expedition:
; m% r. U; [; X) m3 h为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)+ j" _4 t' s$ P2 {& F# |
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
, B$ J: U d1 e4 ?例如:
1 H! H1 k& f% Z" W0 x* @$ oThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.3 k7 p8 c$ T- {0 ]4 k7 F
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
+ f* ^/ U. f) C9 @% D& V$ N) fThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
2 | n& ?: a1 O4 K) p4 f2 L(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。). V: ]+ Z1 ~8 J! N' A
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
! i) X6 e, n, T" ~5 M4 ]) H0 _The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
( r/ P9 K1 t. ]4 P: _6 D F. N(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)$ J; S0 @% v! x% I1 U$ w2 `
偶尔也有人用复数:
* K9 Z' l: A! u+ Z9 FSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.# J6 g$ |& \+ o
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)4 x, \2 P$ C2 Q4 D8 L- A+ D
(4) filthy rich:
" w, \ H# t$ ^4 ^5 P# f5 a意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
8 G' i6 W% V1 B+ n$ T(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
2 k& y+ o7 ?( h3 M6 ~多半当形容词用。例如:
% C" k$ N. d2 }: t0 l7 u* FWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.4 [' U. E' P$ Y2 E
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
) k# @, `$ `" i5 f, o$ BDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
% v3 D* p( c% v5 R(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)6 u4 p) l+ N/ a9 r. \
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
. S9 b' D$ b% ^% _( c(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
3 [: I8 p. X) p7 |; o9 q- ^Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.5 W- Y" q8 o1 b; j
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)2 N1 l$ c$ a/ D' B- y/ N
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)* q+ e1 s! ^, U6 c' d
(5) fairy godmother:
0 d, y- J. R4 D' p+ W% X) P' ?. q指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
% S3 _( N4 k: i. r(多半指有钱的女人)9 _, x) h$ E' C* y7 m& S, \, u
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
4 @- L7 V* Z' B" A1 y% T+ k2 ^3 bMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
# d# N1 V$ o; P% k6 ?4 P6 N(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)7 U3 N5 U/ t3 D1 w. H9 j! N3 j
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.- v( w# V* r i6 l# @5 Y/ |, P9 K
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。), r8 T" s/ K N2 s* n' X* j
有时也用复数:# H, P: V7 @( Q3 m: U9 ?! L
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.+ G5 K2 X" u: s5 z
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
# q+ K$ M3 J F! VIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.- q4 M H+ i* _! i/ q, {
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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. Z! y6 s& D9 F6)eye opener:
9 a7 p) E) b& |4 ~! d) j指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)! X* X1 _8 N* t4 F" @" b" s
(当名词用;通常只用单数)7 U6 r, }7 e0 q+ T8 |" {& E4 e9 F! J4 _
例如:: {6 m* V' \9 i4 j
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
* u" G+ n9 d. e- i0 }8 ~(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
0 t! l E' P3 M/ \" fMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
! r9 i N# h4 @' H+ r(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)4 s: f* [: `# b% `& k
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
2 |" O1 }/ g4 m- [1 Z9 S(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
8 J# V1 p" t# x) iSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.* N, H! J/ a2 z- z ]& \/ V
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)! v) D' S9 C# y9 c9 q: I
(7) hot dog:; \2 Y7 M* \0 Z) Q" c
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)8 u/ ^/ c9 r9 B% @3 l
例如:9 |7 Q& I9 q. e2 ]% ^' {7 d+ A
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
, z. Q# ?8 ?3 l+ L1 H(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
. v O1 b9 a: m(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
5 F6 M( \+ e- ^In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.8 |! j4 v Q/ A+ Z! R% N% z" X/ a
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。) K8 U( E; E. B0 |2 c
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)* e/ E" L# u0 w2 f3 H' j
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.5 C+ L) P2 A( f$ A" o
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)" \( l- J! c! Z* x! y, b, s7 C; ?
也指真正的热狗食物:2 Y. d' ] ]& U; Q* P5 ^4 u3 V
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
; U* l2 w* S8 C4 N2 o. P1 N(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)( o8 X w7 h( J
也可表达欣赏的心情:
0 ]5 q G# y6 p9 l( jHot dog ! What great news for me.
6 `3 M' Q( Y; q1 k% s' F(真棒!对我来说是好消息。); b) n, c7 W1 K1 E6 g$ V
(8)eager beaver:1 s- N+ ]9 o3 `+ ^0 F
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)7 ~1 d. C9 N% a. F
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
5 K" t/ b K* z3 l8 o9 i9 \" ?(当名词用,可指男女)
7 u9 ]" _# R8 i1 V例如:& o/ j+ y* D( j3 _! |% r
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
* a% P, C( t, y1 Y. ~5 Q(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。) s0 r% U* I J& k+ c6 X# y: l
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
( H$ u) r' B5 P1 y4 T(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
6 C. U8 I6 y S$ MDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
; q) \& @6 n, z7 p(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)9 V4 n+ Y5 K' @( s
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.. `) t: K4 ^8 O" Y' S
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)0 Z; J. f, J0 y! s0 ^3 @; b
(9)doubting Thomas:+ y) `- l) D$ ]% O4 l8 r/ M
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
: f, J2 m+ X, _- n% l6 c+ w(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)- L7 Y, ~! J2 T( r8 M. t" y
(当名词用)+ ~4 G( K8 Z% D5 @/ Y$ E% J
例如:( w" v2 q9 E7 k$ j2 U8 |1 j
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.' }8 X5 m9 @& G1 M
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)- w6 ?3 ]6 y0 v$ h- F" [. @. W
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.- H$ \8 r, C2 p4 B
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。): ?0 [+ ?* X5 [; f7 G3 o" Q( c
也可用复数:
3 o# O/ h: ]9 o: m/ M/ p3 SMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.8 P+ V8 ~4 Y( U/ D: y
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
0 C a5 c; K6 e4 dIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
3 m/ L H+ k" m! h) \4 \) c(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)& t, E7 ]4 \; P) D: E
(10)dragon lady:
- F8 z5 F9 q+ M8 Q4 _ @8 ]! A指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)8 w, ]* i( r1 p: {2 R/ J
例如:$ ^1 O4 t j# p/ _
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
G5 K Y2 m2 B$ b9 H(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)* v- Z3 J. X7 \3 y
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
( T- c2 |& C8 x2 m# B" g(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)& O$ D4 `' ^7 k9 B: i, `" j& S
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
C3 ^5 N1 r1 ?) L) t(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
( ~, F! U/ x7 U( F& j! D也可用复数:
6 D S! w3 W& k. T4 U, O1 q) uThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.. p4 w9 J/ M) {0 u, h" z/ ~6 g
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
8 c3 n" b: v' ?注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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