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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯6 w, v( D# @5 A0 D5 r
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
5 C: U3 K0 F. f/ ~; \8 ?& K* ^; }若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:& d) P5 x$ i. i; O, U; r6 Q4 J
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
$ `1 i9 f  g! m(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)/ V% I* f* N6 L
例如:
( T  Y8 a! {; gAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.* e  r' t. P. I' |5 Q* a
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)& v+ A7 s; e, E: a9 E7 u
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.% g) k) M% v- I1 f' x! b8 }2 r$ m
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。): ?) t% Z$ A! G6 p7 b' M5 H& |
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
8 m0 v. V$ `9 s2 J' f& lThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
$ e  e: i8 Y; A1 ^(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)9 n% [6 a. x0 ]3 H' h3 E2 A
(2) fair-haired boy:, [! w  l( s5 U% r4 \
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)2 e3 ]9 n" b$ v- {
(通常用单数,当名词用)
4 E; T, f/ E5 X8 ]( c例如:
2 b( {( ?4 N2 w1 uMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.4 k# r% d3 g2 }/ c6 t0 O. `5 C
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)$ b) |- I" p2 e' v
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
1 t0 x$ t: z) L1 ^" T( Z(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)1 ^  j  ]: Z* c! J/ ~- X' ?" H1 T
有时也可用复数:
5 T3 E$ ]+ `( c: Z; \Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
3 [1 N9 H8 l4 V1 A4 H- J(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)* s: ?. N7 a% ^6 \
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.! ]2 s6 D+ A  F5 |. ]
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)! ^2 r6 g9 G: A, ], k6 C( h, `
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)# @# n& D4 B$ v% D
(3) fishing expedition:5 c' K7 M. m4 }  y
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)9 |9 I% h% u2 Q) g" Q3 |
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)' \7 s. a% v$ b) A+ b7 [/ m# Q, {+ ^
例如:( J5 }  F. n- W0 [* I
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.& R) ^- H7 {5 K$ I9 K. x' D
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
6 a. @! T! Y+ cThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
2 D1 |: J1 q3 F2 |2 i. F) i, Y0 X(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)% c% V7 _, b& |8 N5 L
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)" T6 B) _, V& R
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.) _; M! G: L/ T* `: Q( [8 H
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
' ^5 K; S4 ]# g( q( m偶尔也有人用复数:
8 a9 I- X( Y/ a4 S1 M1 ], D& vSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
7 W: X) B6 M& J; p(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)/ R% s0 h3 M7 {( r
(4) filthy rich:
2 N+ z  p2 _" {# ~' C意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
( c& X$ k! [% P6 d9 S+ a) a(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)+ q, l1 k9 }8 S6 V8 O2 F
多半当形容词用。例如:
$ f. b6 m  r6 HWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich." F7 z; q) C( Y) o0 T  e
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)+ d# p; B  {# [' U) u& F+ _8 x0 M& f
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.' n+ E1 Z3 k0 r" s) y
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
9 h/ |1 _3 y4 c5 M4 J: b" P- rA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
+ O7 p& x6 x, S# t* d# r1 g(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
$ h8 r$ P  c8 m& P) w+ G# m9 iFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
+ h2 P+ h2 ~' s, n(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。): H+ j6 I  M. j6 o. E
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
' y7 Y. v$ r. ?2 D4 `- t8 W' V(5) fairy godmother:
7 ^7 ^1 T0 H- ~" R" b指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
8 t& q+ R5 V* k7 g5 ^(多半指有钱的女人)# z5 X. N. d6 z7 ~
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:' D8 |- v  @" A, x+ g
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
/ I1 r; f: u! O$ h0 g; S. G+ l0 J(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。); ?% Z7 q# R( J$ a
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
0 ]1 L6 ]9 S( E0 x+ r(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
6 }8 K/ g  R& u0 ^5 k* c8 C有时也用复数:
1 d) d' M' s/ j% ]1 ~0 dOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.8 D6 H7 [0 I: ?$ z
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
& l4 k6 D" I4 F8 n8 m7 gIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.' o" b+ Z# p! O4 F( U+ a
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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2 ^0 R( L/ n9 l9 \# i+ x* d; a6 v6)eye opener:' P: y* ~* x* h5 }! X, H
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion): e' o" q8 C' P$ I& W3 Y
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
2 g+ r( A3 o& Z例如:
) `6 c  m9 M0 E5 e" F" wYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.+ O* s$ y# y! S. j! Y
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
2 i- v! s! o$ o  B6 dMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
: A$ r5 `. D' d% B5 O3 b/ ^* b(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)  Z7 E; C( G# a/ C
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.# u& }8 v5 r+ ~& f  W( u) y& u
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
3 e! I0 T; `' ^: g% O. u  P- ESome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people., |1 M9 o$ ^, S& s( X5 f
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
0 |3 h8 \) k) w3 O3 J(7) hot dog:
) b* F- e) k+ u& e7 K6 g1 t4 H指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)0 H+ }7 l9 ^  M2 C$ |
例如:6 }+ J- u5 v8 W, a7 n
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
$ C2 |: G! f" f) e  |) H( q(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
( U* w$ o6 Y" u8 m7 u, y(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)0 {/ I4 `, h! K: F( q
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.. H5 \4 R7 `0 |, v* W9 u% x6 `
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)0 f0 H( B; M& [7 w/ b9 w4 U
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
6 b) v' e6 Z7 n$ iDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.5 R# y5 @7 E* t6 c; m, k* X: I
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。): `7 O' ]$ A! m5 o6 U- O
也指真正的热狗食物:& A$ ?6 s1 m* N) s0 C
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
. t) c! t1 a; G' e8 X. I3 x(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)$ ~: C2 X, X! @, g0 U2 X9 G
也可表达欣赏的心情:
4 O1 U* m  E) I1 x! j* ?; B; ^Hot dog ! What great news for me.& ]& t8 I+ U8 [1 h: j7 _$ n) Z
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
* n# i& W& Y0 a(8)eager beaver:7 s4 K! W( M% u8 Y' ]0 c
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)% p$ B- A" B# L: m
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)- M! m0 {# C$ J' k# B5 V1 `
(当名词用,可指男女)6 \8 {  n7 r; T8 G" R
例如:
; ?1 K; ?+ B! l) F* \/ U( dJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
+ k5 o- `0 _5 v0 e# W8 _, ~(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)8 S; i( A/ _( A' O" M  u
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.3 D5 e1 I8 i$ m( t! U' M
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ {$ y- P9 `1 E% H+ Q
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?$ ?/ `2 `! g# d( i6 d3 {; [
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)1 |5 Z- P% E: v, @
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
' ?+ M& D1 u8 `. |4 c( ~(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)' l) p' q7 z( ^3 j* O( I
(9)doubting Thomas:
. I1 O% I* v# I; Q" i% c7 g2 r# e这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)$ O, O" w4 _- c. {" g
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
& Q7 X4 [+ @  W(当名词用)
* Q+ Y3 I9 l8 z+ x$ R3 S" a例如:
! D5 \$ e3 X1 j+ h5 |9 fI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.: T4 K; d2 O2 d+ A) H
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)6 ?6 z7 S0 a, U, n6 r! A
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
' v, `6 i* Z0 |" w  t4 K  N(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。); n' {( @8 I) y' [* N
也可用复数:1 Z6 K6 ~# `+ L7 D* w
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
# ^( B% x) e& L* {% V% U) M(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
' R' h" ?. U+ M: v3 q+ CIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
4 e; d2 I" f; i5 S(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
# a/ }0 T' a4 m3 V# T) ?% d(10)dragon lady:
% ~2 F" ?' c! x- q8 h$ M7 G指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)  g7 L' t# h2 z" C# W; |
例如:
0 i( A: o$ \1 a" u: \5 C# lThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
) Q) _( r! p$ Z; X% u) V. {7 J(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)! z. Y: y% F: _/ H% Z& ~) f
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
: @/ n. z6 B! R& d+ J: O: l(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)0 q3 p6 V* o6 y/ V& s9 t1 h) b( W( B
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?( U0 n; n8 f6 L# U8 C
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)* q- Y! `; Z: Q7 ^! X
也可用复数:  ~& U5 P! k5 P& O2 I+ }
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
/ H$ R3 p$ v3 h# t+ ?- n+ v(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)2 i# d7 ^" d; F. f: c
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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