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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 , O5 D& F7 K. H# c! O- A
+ Z/ m: O) y* q4 p$ E; ?; ehttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China4 ?3 c. k. f$ c% L
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
3 c+ r+ y, C$ o- M; r6 RFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
8 ?6 w% a) a5 w% g. f, T: h+ X6 V- t5 @2 e" Z- W
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
& e4 {$ [7 G( D c1 H B0 jFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
9 l4 Q! ~8 Y7 Y" A6 M7 A3 c% s: k* O5 \3 m/ U
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
1 \% w. O3 a+ d% J: d, w9 I0 \1 \Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
8 _) {- c: P7 |Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract; H) S' @! y* `) D5 g; L) J
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
8 q$ |2 E' J8 |Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
3 U/ s, O- \2 s! x5 n& O+ RTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been% |' u$ X+ A c& Y" @
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
R, X8 ~% g' z& ]only having translated a great deal of Western scientific5 S5 v1 Z& }. O
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
8 z+ M: ~+ C4 C- f% kto the standardization of the scientific terminology
9 ?' r' o; ^# I( e6 G9 Ttranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s; a3 m" r- c4 g: z# X5 e
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,( o. Q8 ]! W u+ w2 j/ G) n
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
7 H: ]7 _ F3 M7 astandardization of the scientific terminology translation
/ j- B& S) W9 xin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien$ c* b/ f* u% r8 s+ L! j
he established had helped greatly with the popularization9 [1 O" Z! O% w# O0 h4 p
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring$ M. r9 O& B" F. b0 ]0 F( e
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way0 w) j& x* a2 n+ F# G& @8 s2 M7 u
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and# D- U a3 Q9 s) P# R
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
# z( r4 C. Y/ E8 X# v& C. ~+ A" Egreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific' e q- c9 M& b2 s
terminology.
; l/ A/ c8 J6 n2 dKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;8 _4 P7 y& N- ]( J$ H9 ]
Standardization of terminology translation
& R1 A- g2 T3 ?* [* N+ h5 rYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
6 ]0 E2 w. N2 I8 S3 VStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
$ i h2 A4 Z- cChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 v$ w( f9 o1 _1 e
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
7 Y5 J; B2 ?8 ^! R T4 V6 ~DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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6 `) u9 L- `( q7 Y. X k3 t. l! yINTRODUCTION8 f+ k: }3 k. u t. {8 h! E) D% k5 Z$ a
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and: s" P& r4 P: [0 x( K8 ^9 ~# t b
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
0 P9 K* x. ?2 S: p/ o% x9 v; I* GDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to1 ]( l, [2 O/ U9 y9 U
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
! ^( t1 {1 H! }3 x8 zSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed/ R8 h: c6 q# A# I2 W
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 Z) B- v2 ^, T/ ran editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on* M- D9 j( M# B& h- c
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-# O/ N) L. ~. K! F
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific9 Q9 @& f; |7 @2 Q1 h- S; F- H
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,. S5 D& @7 m. z. O8 t
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
* \& N1 V! m3 r, ?8 E& H8 ], J# C2 gNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
- \& }: Y0 I. u) ^; k# Sto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
/ K3 V) R5 h' Jwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,; [- y, J, Y, w, S; V+ S0 M& {- F
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,8 o: i. }& g5 P
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
/ H/ X0 a, e4 Qbooks that made him the most productive one among the
/ ^5 [, l7 l4 v# V, ^foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
; X0 j B3 [4 \4 \& s' [translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
' c4 \" j! l# l- H% ^noble work which could help accelerate the process of1 e; k+ F. t9 M; A1 s
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
! ]( I# D* j6 K* fIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer! z1 P; K1 G8 N
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western% O5 }+ A4 R& H2 k% R8 b9 |
science and the standardization of translated scientific
; W# [) h0 e! H) t2 e- ~terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific! u t0 ?+ ?3 t0 e1 t \
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
- O! q4 t' H- {4 ~) Y- R% gestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
" N0 H9 o% V5 R% T' \contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series- E( p1 F, V( [1 d* ^9 |7 `
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in. u& I0 d; _- J* v. t. g, o
Modern China.
( t0 A% P$ G( a! e! kAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published6 w# d o" b9 b& E" R0 a5 u
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
* f2 @7 x) G$ r' N8 m. W' Etravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing$ r3 `5 K. x; e2 f% t; D' @
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
9 m' M% B5 s0 N6 c$ H2 Z. zJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and; |1 X9 H, p9 V- J* }
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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