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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 * s5 v9 @; Y! X0 K
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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; J3 _0 T2 A/ `2 s# xJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
6 ]$ Y9 Q/ B) `! Z$ fYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" ?5 }, E' T7 M4 Q3 \: x
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.+ Z8 J. F) N! G! |# u3 M
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of' A) ~6 C5 V5 J2 E. N/ L7 N
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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% y1 D0 Q M, c% U. b/ q# `1 ~Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ./ |9 \% J2 v1 I2 J% a2 F
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
; ~8 ?3 m6 O0 O/ o0 J7 J; V8 xPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract/ h9 s ?6 H- M
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing D2 r& \# h! ]9 t m: w
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
! J7 u. g9 H8 j, O6 `) U# ITranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
1 m$ U% G' P5 ~engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
6 c2 R7 }) I3 e' Tonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) R) L$ P: r3 y/ w7 U4 g# eworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly) I7 i5 o. N* p1 M4 c+ S
to the standardization of the scientific terminology) c7 h: Q. j Q5 P& f4 k
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
3 h/ c s' {0 F* ^scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,% E, y! e: l) Y, ~# r5 p0 z: h; T
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the; ^! |$ E$ C x; o3 w% ?
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
' u6 T$ a" a, Y+ r* Q' e! d# yin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
& Q8 O6 q# ~# z# ] ~/ l, qhe established had helped greatly with the popularization+ Z- ?5 b Y7 }& \; X
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
/ ]! `, S7 u Z0 b% vthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
+ ] E2 K3 d! W# _: p2 c# Rfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
3 `$ a2 B' O* N2 n" s) ^that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a1 d# q8 U, C: l1 i0 x
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
" g+ H1 y; J$ c9 jterminology.& k5 Q4 Y9 Z8 i, e; p3 @
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
. Q1 p, ]6 e, |1 |' P/ a# kStandardization of terminology translation
( j$ ^4 a& R6 H" ?0 XYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
& I' m ^8 Z4 a! @Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern4 `8 X1 _4 q+ O4 q: h i; {
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available& } x8 F" E% X
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102134 U7 v) \/ e' Z% c q9 r, s
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213* |7 P: E* u8 T' A$ l0 q2 \( ? c V
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" O4 E. Z, `9 X; QINTRODUCTION( ~8 K: b3 m$ v1 _, f9 a) X
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and7 ?, N. S$ j; o) A. E
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912)." V9 z3 J P6 |/ A
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to5 o4 z% ?" m5 H+ }' w- ]& y
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of" J7 i* J% I5 r! @: S" X9 A. D
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed0 f/ s2 N J8 B9 n; ]. C
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
3 E5 S- [/ o& ^6 L+ \" d1 @an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
9 i' b6 ~! \% g3 C' r7 O! ~0 ^his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
( t, Y7 D: i( R' Q1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
1 [: C6 J! C3 a$ |works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,2 F7 n2 V7 T3 @: `
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.' ?8 M7 ^2 C* P* s
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
+ G4 a9 ~; w% G% X. Vto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
+ G2 E3 m! u9 y* Lwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 s$ c9 ~ p. L+ y
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
$ l. u& V$ k) i0 O) T7 w" J& ?8 M- N- cFryer translated more than one hundred of Western0 k8 H; P; k& P/ P( _
books that made him the most productive one among the
# c5 }6 P. E9 a4 L% Q8 d% Pforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
: v- ~0 T" p& p, e# b- W/ G# atranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a* w7 h. ?# c4 r, \% r% _3 m3 P
noble work which could help accelerate the process of8 Q8 k- G8 x% |! S4 m/ r
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)., o9 O' w7 p/ d- S5 v. }, g
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
5 b9 Q; h9 X% Valso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
X7 O# }* @; u1 [5 kscience and the standardization of translated scientific
" I7 L& I5 }" e o; w& V: Lterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
5 V( L- m6 ^0 X9 Y% Y' Gmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
% z0 D, o6 X9 s7 yestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another& e1 i8 o; M; P9 Y
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
+ r, p5 ^! F2 u; j8 Y- X" Jof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in0 [& `# i& n3 C3 A$ [! r
Modern China.
4 A" Y0 z5 x4 F9 w! b. |An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published" @6 T" U& F4 [$ @, o- v/ s. F
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
A9 e s1 S9 `; N) ]travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing8 c# J2 h, x5 D2 k
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
+ u6 u- s9 k1 G( `' _6 [John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
8 v) ?! H8 b# _$ y1 b, z: }2 FTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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