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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ! L: D& x% g: B/ S" Z8 s6 ~
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
, [& ?% b/ R. fYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of, q0 ~6 c2 L1 j: P
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
Z X; |8 ?( u4 x, O: D) O E, E4 F t8 c
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of9 R' `7 j" V5 L
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. P2 S m; N0 A4 c: q; P/ G3 J+ ?
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .9 [4 @( Y5 o; Q7 W* Y
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
/ O0 L* |: o; r8 r4 o; \- | XPublished online 26 January 2018( g" Q" D9 d& Z: F# c7 W! D/ g
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Abstract
7 g+ D1 l: @9 mJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing! V4 b. c% }. U) D6 [ ~7 ]/ c
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The6 y( Z' w4 D F* V$ v
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
* M3 ], S- p& P0 v4 A8 I) U. L$ Yengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not' m+ `% \6 W- Q X0 Y) t7 c
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
6 U% I3 L, x3 k) F* _/ \/ t# rworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
3 a' ?) F* n8 S6 K" {- n; qto the standardization of the scientific terminology9 H# D1 f% t, F, [& y3 i
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
1 F- i$ S& ~/ T9 _" l) ?+ uscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
) Q8 s" i( V9 j& T' \& Oand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the: A# M. D' i$ n! L
standardization of the scientific terminology translation' N" _: g' Q- q' z, s# ^
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
$ x! f U2 K& U- A( f8 @/ p8 ^4 Ohe established had helped greatly with the popularization) l9 C5 P7 B9 y M) [
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
$ `2 _, Q8 v0 N) F7 T5 K$ h: Bthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
& I8 P" i* r! |5 J% Mfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and7 z8 k. U% N2 |1 T
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- U+ j9 }6 K! K- ngreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
& d* e& _7 ~ e/ @8 `4 Lterminology. U! [; W3 Y8 c
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;. q* }$ {3 C G5 Z
Standardization of terminology translation
1 C5 b# r% Z7 f* P# K5 MYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to) Y# o5 O* X* u1 o0 w* ?# A
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
9 h) {+ p: q9 MChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
/ }+ }% F$ j/ Pfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102133 H4 X( w$ C ~
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213$ W" U( r7 X# O2 u% e
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5 E, ~; W/ x6 T! yINTRODUCTION0 V- r* m7 S) d/ Y% l: p7 I
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
- {" d3 U4 j! x& p; P. h( oa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).. B! G. f3 m1 h
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to. t/ w* ^+ @% N
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of! j; J ?9 c: E% G9 b& I; {- j
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed' ?& u2 P* `( N& y3 S0 Q
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
! `, R5 U6 ~ Han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on& | w9 A; O5 n" d
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-3 X* Q5 a& P0 ^2 D, J
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
! \3 L$ {8 s+ q4 F4 ]+ U' uworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," G* t. z" g: b/ u* s
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.$ w6 T. N* r- Q8 Z* a4 K. Z8 I
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
' _+ j9 y6 p; S2 Rto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
# ^ A$ T. \' l4 O" b. ?2 hwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,0 p+ H! l% V% F0 ]5 H3 _
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
+ U3 L+ ~; T- f0 E7 S) S1 [9 \Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western6 ]0 {# m3 N% ]; j& v
books that made him the most productive one among the' {6 y' ~$ q- z" e* a+ H/ e
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
0 A# T- M2 J% O5 ]6 j5 S4 t" l' Q) xtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a# X! ^" P+ F, P' X$ M" u! Q/ u# N5 v
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
2 _' u4 u9 W @1 cpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)./ u+ X' A6 b6 B* t
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
% |6 K5 O9 O5 P' q8 h* t. @/ Ralso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
. H0 m, a7 E% I2 X& c4 w5 `9 Q6 t9 Wscience and the standardization of translated scientific% Z% B& j* A* n$ }1 {
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific+ L4 o8 }: T3 X; n' K
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
+ i3 ~! j% Q8 X4 C; Oestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another7 D; b# j3 z- w4 T& Q f9 s
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series u$ _: @8 I8 V0 W+ }
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
$ m. j8 ^1 F5 U( H. V5 qModern China.3 O6 s4 S7 o5 L* S: W' T0 W
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published4 G E) y9 P# G- p6 v0 U# `) x
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of) O" h5 e/ n: r* b" F7 G
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
- h5 C: {6 p7 |a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In9 a7 v1 I! ^6 ?( n, D& p) M, e$ q
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and3 F6 n4 d3 Z& l0 C' L4 P2 m! ~
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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