 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The1 R1 F, S' L8 Q4 j; H4 A$ q
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 G. P$ I/ T7 {0 f" l+ wsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, O- w4 F% F V& l1 ]# L- W$ e
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial2 ^7 t! K5 a( \$ j" I
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of2 o6 v' `( E# J8 w* o0 k$ }
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).2 s" ?/ i/ s! |, U' |- o7 ?. M* V
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 J- Q6 i8 e g9 q
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]5 @7 ^% g# X: D, f
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 ^/ E" m& t7 Vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on! X! @1 ]" e+ _- n4 J
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset1 t. [3 ?' @0 q. F/ K* R6 g/ N) h
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
4 j7 q p. q' a' M8 Xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' J. ]) V9 V. |5 [$ v' z0 y% V0 T
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# F% Z) A% R3 k; F
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
4 `9 K T+ p4 N9 K" f9 r0 Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
$ I/ z* s! c. U: b! Q; s% v9 h1 Bthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
: P2 ?2 ?; q3 R3 r" O1 @" Y: U# L" y9 |; m5 a$ J8 N+ G& m6 d
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)6 `. T4 I3 N1 X6 a2 s. K1 B) l3 t4 ?
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
