 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 j z D/ Y9 H0 e1 n$ d" ]
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
6 K# h# ?" }) y" csyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,( w! g9 k9 W: ^$ N5 e( f/ N
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial, X- F0 }' g% k: u
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
) f5 ^4 z* {+ U& `2 Rretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).6 @2 t( ]) K V5 Q6 C9 ?6 Z* o
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=) X1 O" ~' x# H3 p
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]& \1 q2 Q: C- O7 @( G6 v
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving! c) S) M8 V4 G* j( H2 c n! n
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 Y( ~- d1 V6 J$ G* O& @$ c2 L5 A
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset, Y- z! S0 k9 W0 w2 i
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
* q! g* C$ ~5 E. |6 t3 W) @( W) osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
% ~) `& n: r6 P' w8 bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.2 }1 U. a- r, o3 E2 @# G
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
x& F( u8 q- x! Rcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,, u4 w. `2 _/ q7 f& r
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..6 h1 D6 C1 ]3 d, _" C
+ B! J: F* r# `- [$ l(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
3 e2 O- Q! j9 P/ ]9 M( Q: c8 dand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
