 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* b* r' h" D" h& {' A. V6 t9 K
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the* e a8 ?/ Y+ G, z9 H
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
( b( o7 O+ Y# A' Q; V& K& _and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) x0 E1 S9 n9 j(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
; q2 f: c* H9 q$ ~1 L! Mretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).% X4 X1 f2 L4 X3 l! L, f
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ v% C) ?7 K8 Y! \4 S: y% w2 K[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]+ ]& i( a3 _$ ^2 [/ x
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 F( e [% U: A* k- v, Nretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ @" h4 G% w% _8 N8 m
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset N6 H1 J+ L5 R6 H, R# K* ~
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two( {1 ?5 E; X2 u: @' S( K
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a0 v4 L7 z& F( ^7 p/ ^* R
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; u2 W! t$ z& Z5 }end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In% y( n, g. |* p
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 k7 y3 \- J8 Y/ E
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..9 t; e6 \1 Z& c7 l7 A
7 e" @' K2 B& a8 s(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)/ Z6 F0 @5 v+ P* d) M
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
