 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
" l* {) M9 ?. H, ?) ~1 Y, I$ a: |Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) T7 z$ Q' L8 H& r
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
7 {7 U. @6 J, b; |; h6 `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 G5 q7 H9 U: Q# f% O. ]& v) j
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 Y) b1 N0 P* K8 b9 a" g* B
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ `: U2 N5 i- `7 T. r# NA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=+ U" Y$ Q9 z5 X" c1 z) T% M! W
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
! T3 r9 O/ s1 p3 j. P: u" L6 R(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving+ X3 U" j) l$ I! W
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 Z( K+ L6 x# ^+ }7 } W7 S' |
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 ^. a8 ?4 D: D" ?(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
8 @+ e |$ a# p, P9 hsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! C* }' Z, d% z- t- u
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.* `& `0 M( w( ?3 n6 D, I! L
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 j# A9 y" ~7 ~ G
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 d! i2 ~! O8 M( W3 n) M0 ?) pthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla../ j3 v/ o# L2 j* s) S8 \3 {
) O, h4 ]5 I: g. {: `/ g- A( j( Y(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
6 ~5 e# C% Z+ c7 J4 Zand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
