 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) g e' o: v M5 U4 [
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" t$ j% m) q! }8 Y) K& Z; _7 {
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
+ E5 ^$ }7 o* ]( R5 Fand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
- O" w& e2 \" J: W/ W0 W(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
" J N2 \ ]6 h1 ?, aretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
% [5 R9 _" I( g3 a4 tA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=' w% H* T: k4 F$ F0 w
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] b! H' I$ Q3 t5 g7 u
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving: J+ K z' P/ [
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on3 T, ]8 b& [1 Z; X" n# ]# l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
& Z f: w- R5 t5 `(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
" p1 d- k& Q/ c5 [" S" a( ysegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a* G) s; m, p/ B5 P% B0 [' f' B
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.* @( |4 K$ C) [3 M$ x% ?6 W
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In8 X2 \! Q }+ F$ u8 w/ x! \
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,6 e' S, C- j1 a7 e4 I9 _& _
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla../ W, J/ U9 ?7 z; N4 R+ w. Q T
C/ v. }# _+ T+ G, p$ j5 x: V
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
; y4 E; M' ^$ p/ b# eand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
