 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The x( ?6 q( s0 F5 ]
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the: o" Q! t/ U- d+ d8 w* |' N
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,2 P5 G- l! A+ t3 a7 \
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
/ S1 E, A$ a5 u* b: \! g& U' z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
% k) |1 t* c3 fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 h+ {+ k/ B% ~3 D5 f7 m C
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
1 c) |( J: L! E& _9 [5 o$ W% B[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% B: I% y) K$ K8 h! h
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving- C! y! g! h+ m, r$ F
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on6 m+ n0 I n4 ?
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset/ b% x7 q' Z! M Z9 c7 \ p! e
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two- G& W# W$ Y* W5 n! @! ~) V/ [' ^
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a- Q* V; W* d. a4 n. y
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! \5 T# [2 X& D( Send with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In2 [1 l: R/ p1 M7 Z0 C- S: R
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 m/ N2 G% i9 z( ]# c5 {the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..6 m1 Q3 I# Q- k, n
! \# y1 S' Y- i; f(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
N' j; l, A; l( mand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
