 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The- W+ Y+ Q& q2 H1 M3 f
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the Y- ^* b3 y+ P; {
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
/ k! ~2 H F$ r; L; x8 X4 qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
9 b" I1 c; O0 N(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
- g8 H. v1 U x, Gretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
6 T- R5 H9 b6 c6 bA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=. X% M* ]0 P# E, C4 p; p. @9 i
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 w, F( w* K# ~3 q6 {1 h9 f, q(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 @' \2 P1 n) ^* j: M# Wretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 q- {" [' j) X) K z( N
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset; D( |1 p8 e, B# ?
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: E7 W9 s% w9 i0 ?2 hsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
- I2 v7 r4 h' c$ R1 bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
. D+ z, P! g. n; p) F' J5 Yend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: Z. O2 @' a7 [
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
3 n0 ?% D. ^& o8 P2 z9 n7 Y. A7 h gthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.., d/ g5 {. x7 N% W3 l; }1 b3 P
, z( M$ l- s& T4 W. R) ]7 M(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)) h) j \, f0 B1 p1 L9 ]
and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
