 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; ], b/ h1 e1 A( \& C8 V
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the' s. f6 B' E8 w. P- o
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
W+ v# Q3 N% g: ^6 F0 Dand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
, p% n4 N7 n7 k, N3 x6 u(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of2 w) y8 H u7 x2 D
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).6 p0 Q) |7 `' @8 p# h* O
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
" \' ~. r5 U' z, z4 g: E[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
; y, }' M E3 k: j* ~/ W6 L0 W5 o(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
% n+ M; y9 F5 xretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on( @& b8 z9 w$ I7 Z' i; H/ ?
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset' J: c2 B4 D# N* z' O y
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two/ g" `1 k- x) y/ A5 ^9 @
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a& X9 a. K2 x" w: m( p8 o0 P" k/ k
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.+ Z1 _5 q- [' S. D' N
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: W1 M \: A" g0 G$ a
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,2 B) [$ k0 ~( l- o
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( e7 t; J/ ], ?
* T j, ^& {! @7 d2 f
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
* `/ v5 L% Q3 E* Rand American speakers of English, |
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