 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; {! y. b- L* D+ p
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
2 m: K+ ]8 [5 y/ T: F, Msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
% C- e# ^. S; Y5 U$ v) `$ Band uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial. M' ?+ r# J5 k: R6 Q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of6 i. l0 e: v9 |
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
8 }7 M3 K5 l" M9 F' h' G7 V2 NA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=; H% X. | D4 N4 N Z# H
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% W1 F5 h0 i1 a9 b3 m; `
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving3 q( [1 V6 x+ l: P8 f! m! T9 I
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on; o; K' A$ e) d! _; F# E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
3 X E% W& ^4 l( F E1 N; H(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
0 C8 F4 K+ E# ?$ C0 j, e% h3 msegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a1 A) w- o- _4 C2 g: Z8 C: ~
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e./ {. r. r3 a& W! l- S
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In* D2 A" L9 [5 N2 a6 t. ?
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,9 W/ l' n) O- l3 v7 X; ?) p9 d
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) z' ^2 q5 |' P7 h
1 j; D" s0 e! \3 j" X A(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
$ Y. g& }; {4 Vand American speakers of English, |
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