 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
& ~+ U2 V o: H: b9 K. hInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
* s8 ~* L4 G$ E5 Msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 ]! g, @; i- U* q; Sand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial0 G; F3 \/ ?( j- }9 F
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
( \# u: I1 G6 n/ X& e `retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). {( ~; G& Z+ o8 N$ P) T! c
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=% T7 r* A" R/ Z# J7 O4 R- z9 }* w
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
, d% D+ E, V6 L7 M4 N1 Z(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving( D: K# B0 x; }$ d3 p! T5 p
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ t% u5 m: C5 m* x/ m! V& @) U% m8 V
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
) w2 C& K; m# I6 P! }. m7 [8 G(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& b& ?5 j p1 p% W7 c7 T$ ^1 l& L/ F- v
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 ^8 P1 N4 E: ]% j4 `/ Ksemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
3 j; h! b. K2 q: k, W7 c. ?4 aend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In, z2 G. E9 E/ L' D3 p* t% b' r* N; C
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% y$ x5 \) c1 e
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( g( [" ^; M: B: R; Y
6 U( q: _6 O8 K# O& n0 r' f. J
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# C8 F/ p0 r: X( W3 R% Gand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
