 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The6 D* c, \$ X6 H; G1 n, Q3 P
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the2 |' X, H3 t& `3 A* K) v4 Y" X
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in," V; L% ~! b; @0 q
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial5 S0 @0 U( z" @7 k- b' N' a" B
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of, b- L: Q3 H; \( p) I
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
! i. e( ?4 B8 z. D/ a3 s: }, vA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=3 [& N O( p: Y1 p# q' U4 I; I
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
k) n& a: k7 {* e1 C4 l+ r5 u(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 U& `, j4 M2 ]. e* _
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
g9 r# t" P+ J" X3 x5 Xpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset- o- H0 _" R8 s7 W: {
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two5 h! k# b! q* Z( ?) j0 B
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
. O. x: `* |- c9 ]$ Y$ [$ ]- h5 dsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.0 s7 r: Y# V; S& b6 ]- |6 Z* x
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
1 e Q6 e' c. [+ Acompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
" h- v9 N" P% y3 `& uthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
1 Q5 ~6 F% Q* }8 A6 f9 J0 m! T& F1 N. L: U4 M! i, U
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 \& q, s+ O: \- a$ i! n) _. P0 C8 ~
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
