 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The9 {' E9 _5 ^7 a
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the8 D" ]. J0 ]. o' U
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in, R/ I5 n# r/ \0 D9 K! U5 |
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
* k/ B; b' t5 ?5 v9 I(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
- W1 m$ B. Q2 K) a! F. Qretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) s( [ |' h& ]A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=* l5 m$ L( w( k$ W3 p
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 l7 ^2 W! X/ |5 [2 a* F% l
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving9 c& i; T- A8 k7 n. ?. d
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on4 {/ b( q9 |1 j
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 U4 C* [* W. f% B! d1 Y: V
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two8 R; x2 o' o( L# q) T3 I8 l, u3 p# o
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, Q p2 X1 A- O+ Q9 v
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.1 T' \! Z( h! p- h+ F$ N1 S) ?
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
# |( w: B" ], [+ w8 Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,( d- p; a, `: S" x
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, l) X8 @# ~& s; R0 M+ \# V, U# Q4 V7 M1 C% W
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ o2 Y" H1 J5 d1 ?' l5 q) {and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
