 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The& @# A6 C- a$ G) m3 o2 F) F6 z
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; ~# C4 H. U) H" u
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,: J& D1 m1 s, n5 ] c2 u$ F
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial) u/ b. z/ j. E8 i# G
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, b$ P6 E( ~* P, n1 Pretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ y% q7 D7 |) T$ f' e( B
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
9 `: R3 |9 _: e; _& C/ m+ z* ?/ @% K[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]" G2 l2 a* [& A* `
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
5 X4 b1 [& q7 V8 v5 C- Aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 y z* ]6 g" C+ @) }
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# S9 m. a0 d3 B# t P- y
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
" N8 C! C2 X1 V2 O" P# }, ssegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a. }. t/ I- _' A0 L8 ?! q* R
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# w7 C1 S0 \5 Hend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In& x6 g* f8 j; v
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- B; w; t4 @8 ? f2 S2 c5 z- `8 x
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 M" f8 ~& a3 M5 t+ e# Z5 @& g
+ n- d, \' K4 `2 L B0 s: A# y
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
% M* e9 E" V7 o$ c# q+ M% X3 E0 Xand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
