 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
/ _; @( k' U3 ]( N0 \' x4 @Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the5 R. X* h/ e0 B& i- W: o
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,5 O+ r3 f6 |( p0 |9 k$ B
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ ?: f4 p, z$ Y$ ?+ ~3 A6 |
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
l- I' U1 f. E- R) qretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
, N9 O0 K2 B; T3 m+ e# FA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 r6 l+ i7 `" l' l8 M
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]! l9 l# m0 \4 K1 n
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving+ M$ u+ f+ D7 M$ d$ P
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
; P* j: [0 v. o* S9 Dpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" _! ?$ b7 j2 Y& I5 R# k(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two1 l+ t' V$ `* `( t9 B* g/ k
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a' t" S `+ ` |7 `/ p1 ^: @
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.' ?: A+ m2 L! K% C! e
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In9 P# s, J0 G4 \* k% q0 G
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,7 f! R) u. C3 X" }8 e
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ Z/ m7 b0 J8 v& p( @
0 N' C, o) K( y& l; D) T. }, f(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)& x1 q- B8 S) N9 t8 e, Y
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
