 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
7 b7 u; L r% a6 bInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the3 w$ ]! o% K, p' k% X+ B4 @
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, x- A: ~# }1 C( r# a
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
! }" q: O# x! T) b1 p(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
' }/ i" p( O( }- x$ ^retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) ?. J" S- l3 c+ lA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
7 {* l* B+ a( f% V2 }. d[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]$ R4 p# M$ f2 Z5 y% [6 N; R8 \4 \& |
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving8 U0 }2 f E- s+ Y" J& t
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
. ?" A" K" n; g" k% }+ Qpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& W [8 u3 H/ Y& V
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two/ v) p6 I* m& Q# G ~) K3 I d
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
; X; D* f, U" i M! ^+ ~semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.7 T$ V( D8 x$ ] M: r3 g. z% s
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
: K# Y. J" Z' r w. W4 pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,2 K h) C7 Q# s/ g# g' i9 K
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..+ J- F& m# H5 h5 u$ F% N5 m
+ S/ C: i/ z# m% M
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)# u6 e* m3 N; Q# e3 e
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
