 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
' a+ v% G: H) P& K4 n0 x. V0 U! q3 [$ TInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- A3 ]" ]- `* P. m9 J1 `syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
# G0 r) E3 v( Fand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial$ x9 w) u- x9 ?! A' U
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of0 E! n8 s2 B5 V' q1 t5 k
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).9 D( h3 a: ^ Z' t; _ q" D* H
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
! d* z# M' H8 A[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]0 o" {( n+ c1 @1 Q5 N2 m2 [. w
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
. R9 I6 y0 F! B. f( vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
% N9 c$ d2 x7 h; Spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
" q7 s2 Q/ ^4 M% v( G8 u1 c' \(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
3 l0 t S5 c1 Y% |0 U1 ]segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! H+ L1 \. ]) K0 s4 _
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.( h9 k' K6 F9 f x8 T) D
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In3 O j6 F# p0 j
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,5 w' G+ [. O6 Q/ k) h) L, ]
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, p$ y t( e+ n& K7 z- p& p! W4 U) H+ Q7 [' k
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)1 |8 D% z! u; _ f0 F+ |
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
