 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The% |+ j1 _+ m2 M' ~, U+ a
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
4 ~. `3 ~+ }8 W* msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,# p0 A' O! |1 v9 J8 S% z" k9 x
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 [0 _) ?. o, V
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
5 \1 Y/ j: U7 b; iretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; z- o: J8 N6 N1 O/ O0 SA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- i2 w$ Y& g5 p( X
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]( T8 \( u: S, [5 Z
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
9 ~7 t0 J& ~ hretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on% H" `$ [2 w& q2 ?" u9 a, t5 h7 G- x
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset1 d3 ^) @" B1 N' k
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two! s, M, |% t4 M; S" p6 [# p) j! X
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
1 v- r. | R2 A3 e7 n: zsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
8 f. ^( J* A* z4 Z, w. F; @end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In( \% V( Z; U+ S8 |. k, ]
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
j# F3 y$ L3 `4 w$ T4 _: Nthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 @; W# r# B& z. e2 x/ Y3 T% }
' {( m0 R0 z2 n. {3 s* r(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& f, n f& U4 a# nand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
