 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The) b0 u# g! i9 X- J
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the' p5 ^9 o9 `& M5 H# r+ D0 @
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,$ V6 x( ~9 v4 G( i! c5 G
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
+ v) }4 z2 k- ~0 d! v7 J(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 u, i! F1 Y% {6 H8 w$ z- _; dretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).- U, N! `5 Z# q: C& l* T4 v9 `) V
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 f, L8 Q2 j; ]0 {8 s' O
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]( C5 i- a Z2 w: ^2 f
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving0 |+ m9 v) S& O* d( T1 T a
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
$ P: s# B+ x2 _# l) }0 apossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
0 W$ X4 l; V& R. Y(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
! S0 y: i9 ]6 H3 csegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 E& i Q2 `8 p! z5 X
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
$ _" ?0 o7 c* U8 b+ M8 K$ Tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
* M8 Y% t3 q" v( bcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,+ h5 {8 n$ e: v' V) x
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..' B9 t* ~3 _9 R1 T$ P
i; L* Y% @1 c# z ?. I
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# Y7 U# [5 U3 u+ h' i" Q# M" `; qand American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
