 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
0 l1 u9 B. j9 S+ t) S8 a* MInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the" G, ~" I2 N) C9 I) X5 F2 Q# ?, H
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
8 U7 i$ v/ c4 i5 \% X2 [' i3 B, land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
7 \1 y) _* i! D' v, C(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
* U1 C9 w, n4 s6 Y, Uretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
. E5 w. Y; g! d! _4 ^; Z. q( QA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=8 `/ C% Y; G8 B. j9 y3 K5 X
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
" a* i! z/ Y" n6 t(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
]8 i/ T7 E* Uretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* S5 R% `/ _% spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset C# l1 V" S+ }, e) m/ C V
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
1 v% G. L" Y+ C4 V6 o2 Bsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a/ ]9 K5 {) a# Y0 H
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 W N* s3 E( Hend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In2 ]' A! Y+ x" ^ q
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 |7 Q% m' o- P/ S3 Uthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..1 X) U7 M8 e" V6 g
?, C) d# K: x; u5 i8 p K(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)0 Z7 Z4 K; I2 y
and American speakers of English, |
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