 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
. Z" q) @) k# [; Z zInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
% F. {" O+ q9 a# Isyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,* F% w. x* e: L0 T
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
; x R2 A; ` u! j8 Q# Q(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of4 l4 V& g# M2 Z, f u
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ m4 A' |4 S" y3 z. _8 iA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=5 g. a& A# N' o) ~
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]" }( ?! R: G' L H. U! t* }
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
' x" J) j* X7 N. O$ aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
, y# ~5 d% I* t- G! Q8 s0 Apossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
. d4 i1 z7 X+ d(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two m/ j/ Q" L; P
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" l8 q6 C7 @, z7 U; X8 H
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! M, g6 {' Z l6 _8 U6 o7 ~end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% j3 T" ?- `8 X9 \2 Tcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
/ u* y) U$ Y5 ^5 Tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
3 @! j6 I! Q% r) d, @* p% e; h- A; `
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)1 x# J; L' q. q& M* X
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
