 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
, ?1 f' Q. G' V; w# h( ~ AInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ C2 U; H9 Q+ U' C
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,; `- H* @4 e7 E
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial& z+ H" n: F' v$ }# p3 k% r
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
4 [% U9 L* a: P. B% N( xretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
! O! K" i/ @" h4 E, _8 xA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
$ W# u) F1 G/ L" o! N; M+ s[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
# a/ N8 |4 |0 j D% j(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving4 D0 p+ L! b3 k1 P) Q
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
9 j" }( H7 l9 U) k! Y. W% m8 ^" upossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 C0 A2 `8 |" ~9 \6 u(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
) v+ D* }7 b# R+ @segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, P3 s& m6 C4 G% g$ O
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
- q3 l, ^ p: |, [2 }' |end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( Z, m2 Z5 d8 Z( c4 w& Qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
$ |* n( z8 K: A% N- mthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..0 Y! j- j; E4 T$ q+ N7 r. ?1 }* E
7 ^- C" t2 Z1 F [2 V- c(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
9 K3 P8 e7 A2 Land American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
