 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: e9 M6 {5 F% R( U3 I; B( bInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the. [$ d0 Q# t7 `3 {$ d! ^
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,- Y# U- q2 `& e& C3 }3 x4 }2 t
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial/ n* F) a/ m& @# |+ u
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of/ Y, ~+ k# K+ g' e6 \2 A- u( \
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ G1 v. W! y- b4 F6 E
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=! q: n( J+ U0 G' |
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
& _& U3 m; d% ^/ g(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
9 R3 {4 n7 r" A3 j! Hretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on0 d' f7 @5 W8 a
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset2 ~7 B2 \0 V2 U( H( v' U8 f
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
% ]5 q, D2 Q3 P- y" ^6 z$ h( }segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
' [* p1 V2 r+ b1 h; zsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.1 [( ~# O5 @7 X) p/ T+ M
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In: H( Z. t: G: _3 }; Z
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 a4 A; W# C2 n5 O/ } g) @) uthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..: K1 W6 C5 Q- ~
/ ?# M- [9 N& a( o- i
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& n( s( G9 _# h/ {* O- H9 O: Hand American speakers of English, |
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