 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The" p0 P9 u$ |0 C( Y" F
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 N; N8 u) f/ a& n6 C2 j( H; csyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,# j8 u K- t9 v' R" E
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial5 B2 g0 Z( E( o% J) D* E) i
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
8 C0 A( k* O0 u0 sretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
5 T0 k0 |$ w; V3 D5 ~A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 g6 F- a0 G9 v6 U; W[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
% j+ B' I: ?) u* z; o* Q3 M1 t8 e8 w(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
) M% W# n ^$ e; y' q+ vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on0 O8 X3 y5 A L, X, V
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
O- J2 R' ?9 W* P- U3 J& q(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two h% T3 b- f. }& Z; e0 r
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
% n" o: E. I8 Q4 `$ b. [semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
( r. [' q1 y1 b3 ~& u. yend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
& s" ]6 {) f+ j, E3 lcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
8 m, {( ~& W' n# P& C1 s+ ^9 g5 Othe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..* f, r5 M/ V) t; n: O$ ]8 S* j
y8 {' d# ]+ w( L7 C# T5 E* K9 J(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)9 f3 f9 S+ K$ L9 m0 B# ?
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
