 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The" b0 b: T: Q! M6 c! c
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
7 g/ G# s; C" s- Q! G( y! Q$ ~" nsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,) @, [9 |$ b$ p6 Q q( q0 y
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial& p: E! \+ d! v
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
- f, f& A9 ?5 jretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).9 }4 G1 d- _+ x4 z6 \
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=# j' S* N) x: Y# O/ A; B
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]# c8 M& F6 w) ?) ~7 d; b
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
& J K; v7 E3 Kretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on( c7 i" {9 _3 J
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' l9 ^9 l& E0 B" {( k$ ^(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two. r2 |9 A# J% m/ F0 ?
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a- f& H. G. y: L3 Y4 \3 b
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
* g1 \; w' B4 \* B' Q/ }9 qend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
4 @& _5 w" F& H7 Z! o+ scompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,* y. E! e: y& ?$ I; d+ C' e
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..- d$ j" B. {' a. J7 [
9 S! p4 p* G4 o9 ?
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)3 @+ N( y! r2 g% _2 `
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
