 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: b/ N5 T+ S2 M% b% o/ `4 HInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 E6 c3 O. w0 p
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 x8 w: {$ I0 n1 M& c9 wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
9 e) ?: c3 ^8 r& Y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
& _. {8 P# [: dretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
/ L! C. J- _$ a9 p: o& sA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=+ X. A$ Z* _& g+ D& w6 w6 L# @) X9 {
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* t! m6 L! g4 M6 |8 ^" r
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
* u. ~" B' [+ l' s% yretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
- f* y" t; U0 {8 D; d" _& w+ v+ @5 ipossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
# g- }: H$ C4 {! Q# w/ E(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ F8 n, w* x9 S6 Q+ j, [segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
X4 f, ?! ?% C$ b5 |7 c- f" Bsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.: @6 t) ]/ M/ y
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, d* c2 o2 ?! g7 x1 R3 x7 R0 Icompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
& Z# h, Z0 [9 y1 S, _# c$ }* athe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
+ g. r5 b( Z+ T) q& G/ W/ k* W3 J2 k) R% d; P2 ?+ P4 O. m, d
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 k, t: A1 C! d2 `0 vand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
