 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
" k7 P# w, C ~5 t- yInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) [4 E' y. Q! f5 ]5 b( q# o
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
. D$ O. O% n. ~and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
/ |4 _/ d7 B2 ?) b8 \5 {(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
9 a+ d. a, G) n; q- wretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).+ R. H i8 A8 F, s* T# e! b' x" k) D
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
, c4 Y- _# i5 U[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
6 r. Z: I6 Q8 X: p" S! N3 U(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving a7 o! B ~1 p' ?9 a1 g
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on- U6 |# \: @5 u. ^+ l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
4 r) @4 w. }# W(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ G* j# N2 K: l# Csegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
$ w$ ?. g( i* y q' z& gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
% n" h/ {6 p/ K( z3 W; c8 \end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! V8 T8 L3 T$ ~* D! W( {compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 |" F$ R( B, u5 ?- Vthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla.., h ?2 h0 a! @& D
+ S) g- ?& J, E
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
) Q0 m: g3 s6 z8 V2 ~0 Mand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
