 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The/ Z3 w' t; _# ^6 _ T
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the$ ~/ f. f1 P3 ]: D6 V" P* _ j& m
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in," H0 k, U9 l" [5 T2 o& O
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 A3 O$ ~% W \$ a* W(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of7 f, O% J9 `; X" O+ y
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). ^% s* |+ J; G/ B7 |
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
) i# T3 |6 U* Z7 ]9 N$ q9 J[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 \/ \/ }. Y- _% t7 R* h: w! {0 q(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 N. {; L4 s3 S$ B/ Y. k
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' D0 {4 w; B4 J) k h6 D& o8 I1 K
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset* }- P' b, e$ @: _- D
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: N% ~% N$ D8 f ]) v0 D! a
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
0 \! _. p; _/ p4 P9 esemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.) w9 P% w \. ?* h! T
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
0 s( z, l' y0 C% t2 z. zcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
$ o& g2 j. l- Q' O& j( R6 f# U# tthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
+ O: R9 i5 Y F- R8 |9 d8 @- f, c5 n1 O! s4 Z
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)5 K9 j: H0 Q: D2 M6 }* {
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
