 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The5 b1 B" i+ |$ s2 Y! o `* M, ]
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the0 p4 `. d @- e
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
# W8 W) A6 f3 p+ Oand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
8 T' ]" F* i% p8 R6 ~4 E(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of4 z! F4 g" X; V& S& O- Y: m+ h
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
t% p# ?2 h( c: i' M* G0 @A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
3 R8 i8 M" V5 V/ H& V, a% A0 X[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 f6 B" d! t5 Y0 Y8 j' {(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
8 {) E. q2 T8 h# n: g) kretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on/ r& B7 W u) v$ Z6 }, H! Y1 F* Q6 H
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
* ]0 h+ s& l @! E* @(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two3 P# P3 {9 R) ]) f4 F
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 I) z! ~% x* [7 s' L; `semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
" j0 I" e* _# h9 J0 Y( ?9 Vend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In$ g( P, D8 M V- G8 @& ~. M$ [
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,' v7 D4 r7 z; _ s# }
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
$ E- Z8 v# V: N3 {. |( ?% O; R0 u# k2 @; i0 \
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 q! }: u( S' _and American speakers of English, |
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
