 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The+ S. h- Q2 E8 W+ T; @( m, g
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the, v. K1 T0 n. w& j) w% ?" \
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ W1 o& k5 E5 j" u3 G8 g8 Xand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 s' [ _: o% B& q
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
$ d' `4 q6 v$ q& F( R& n; _2 \) @retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).! G& K2 V% \: ]2 G
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=$ k# D; C" C6 N1 a F/ O
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 q* y; O( L1 M( U(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving, Q6 Y9 d+ Z2 U
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
$ [5 S q% G4 B3 N+ d$ [, ~4 {possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset. x; ]1 E5 ]8 v
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two2 t7 C9 A+ Q% x" O& w; Y
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
9 }1 [, p) d e+ G5 I# Y1 Csemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
& `9 a9 B2 W* j/ Y0 D$ Oend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In _ T8 j+ I+ U- D# e# l
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,0 M4 X9 I1 H# y6 X9 O' v/ F% U$ M
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla../ U; p% I! H ?
5 G' F# w: ]9 V5 ? O$ H' K
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# {+ N- O( h" v& Jand American speakers of English, |
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