 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The$ m' ~7 F& A) c0 o7 h" f2 O5 j
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
" ?; [/ D2 R% M/ H; s" I* ^ c# Nsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
" L7 S% w2 n5 ^# I$ T4 R5 cand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
* i! K1 [* [% y! ?/ Y7 s(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
1 _0 m' |% ?. x& ?" ?retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
4 b+ f1 T$ {+ H% i0 r+ ]9 x: SA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=" Y' p/ }/ x. ?" X: {5 w# V9 D w7 S8 K2 c
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]$ k D, u! Z' d: G
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving& b9 o5 j7 [9 w$ _' O
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on7 q& w' U w% h' G
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# C' f* m8 s3 V" M1 F- q1 P7 s+ b
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
4 {& u8 A! C' l9 O. ?segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! s+ N. K) i" R) K: T4 \6 D
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# y+ t8 V* g. c+ zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In1 T6 o" c' E- ?& E* O- |
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- d8 _! b- ~7 i( w
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..' f% Q7 x% f$ z; B" w$ v
. z& P" E! ?% l( `(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
& ?/ E! [1 n+ O3 o6 g( Cand American speakers of English, |
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