 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 I0 y& T" T6 c BInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
/ S, ?+ E1 ?& L7 u6 c9 t2 s, Nsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
) @$ \8 Y; j' [9 r6 B/ D9 _and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
" y q q7 V! V4 @7 t(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 z7 v2 e8 L7 w- h
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
X9 B' i7 F% g6 \6 ?A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
: n* ?. z( c0 r, }+ r" @7 h# @[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
: b$ x% I3 V9 ]6 V(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
& `) _6 z7 Z1 D( Yretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on8 `/ }. P0 q- m
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# K5 D4 d- p. [
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
6 |2 D5 D) S! U7 I1 Lsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a/ e4 a6 ], X7 A% r9 x
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
% H* H3 _; P4 D. E, U6 Z$ Rend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; Q# b, k7 c1 [4 v6 `8 A |2 Hcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 V! b- s! ]0 Hthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
" N: A3 C+ o! D* J0 Y; ]/ z
) M! n, h8 r5 F3 Q- W$ b(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)) p7 k" Q/ ^$ q' I! f( [$ v
and American speakers of English, |
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