 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The0 [# l9 [" n. ^0 L: v# x# Y
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
1 I" |" t( s) d: ?: _/ U0 u" L, ssyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,* Z9 c/ |- e5 r
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
3 F. p1 Q# M" z J3 a(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
) Z; }3 ^, v$ p3 ^7 F) Pretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).' [$ r& A* u% j/ F( f
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
& k/ i6 h' t1 o; g1 n# f9 s9 f& B: h[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”], f+ ]5 b6 i7 {0 H# ^
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
1 M& o2 |/ s! x/ Q9 [retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' n% H/ o' ?5 n% t% c0 }+ G
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset$ I) h! c, V0 x# J; |, u& U
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two* S+ V- T' D0 X/ |" u Z
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 b: n/ b8 X" Msemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e., t$ W j8 c/ J( ~4 ]
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
! D9 F# x9 ^8 D8 p1 K( D, fcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
4 V: J0 m* \7 m2 F0 U5 Qthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..! @+ J- o; S8 V( Q# r: z
* }) K0 l- e, F& `/ D% D, B
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)0 E8 Y4 V7 Q# H+ |
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
