 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
/ [) a: c* ~$ k+ ^6 z d1 }Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the. K5 x6 O% }# |3 Z
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ x) ^- L! ?3 X2 ]and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) e0 ^2 Y3 H V# s- \(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, U) h3 i+ {5 u, ]. U0 Z: hretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ F6 g( r1 B: g/ z7 C" n5 |A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
& B" x% ]& b3 M5 F) x' r[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
( k, B1 [5 J, m& \5 i* O(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 l" |/ i+ x6 e4 u; {+ A
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
^' c5 ^7 ]2 Spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset8 B. Y8 v/ h4 f
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: V" o' ]/ e) W8 W0 osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
+ k$ i7 E5 e2 Y+ x, |! psemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; p5 f/ k( H1 Q& m( V' s7 O7 r' Zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
6 h3 ]! U: w2 U7 z. C8 e( _8 |compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ r6 F5 F- d7 O. Qthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
+ b. f. I h v+ w9 C0 e3 `, v( P# E! |6 U
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 \! M- M! z) z. h2 x0 Pand American speakers of English, |
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