 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
8 b7 {' F( s$ I. OInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
5 c' d2 c& i2 N' L Y& _$ ]7 Y# _syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
1 p* u9 O, Q6 b* T0 zand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
4 [5 D8 P( N' D2 ?6 T1 Y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of+ y- {) Z4 `1 `+ l+ R( N' U9 J9 T
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
+ m3 ?6 `3 j! F- wA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=6 u$ ~. @, {9 _* o1 U! {% u+ `
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]( v& M1 q& Q+ a* E
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
; _' U! l: g) W4 I) W4 ^retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
) Q1 D# S( J( n6 i& R. Jpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset' z1 H6 t2 r* S7 k4 [: L
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# y: [$ p+ ]6 osegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
# Z2 E! T5 Z D! m& Gsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.# }9 ?( V5 w" {+ X, R
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In8 v- O# z$ S# E% n4 c
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,3 \4 ?* e7 q$ F# C
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
2 D0 Q& ^8 G5 Q( k% s# r/ i
" h9 f3 s, y @9 }; i; @5 a(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 K* K& w* ]+ o; Q; K0 ^and American speakers of English, |
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