 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
& D7 W! Z' ]0 u& _Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; K9 T, f/ s! B# S8 b/ \/ f
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,* N/ Y7 D* y( [$ V. _7 A# U
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial4 s( C# `3 w2 k" v& g
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
: u# O$ W8 @, ?8 Z& C. Y* sretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
) d( e3 b# i2 RA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=7 h; ~: Y x- x- v! C
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
8 f# o* a, G4 _0 v( B, c+ ^/ i(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving7 ]5 I |% o# ^% j8 l" R- v% E
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
: u# l5 V w0 i3 |; m/ Mpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset) U) T" M0 o' O- m, W0 G
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
8 [% ]) _$ {0 l% a7 zsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
6 D: i+ |9 x- w9 X- Y; i6 c2 W H s/ `semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
9 k1 n$ N" E; m6 h; xend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
2 G& _# E: B6 M1 L; Kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,& K, B8 R8 e7 f
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
. v' S' Q7 v# k! B# N- Q0 U; K- o; L" n s. K R. ]
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
6 `# p) D$ D9 ^% x/ |and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
