 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
9 g+ b2 u9 M: q7 d0 D3 HInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% v+ C4 R. p1 R2 C
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 f) `* P/ X8 h! F: T& B
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) q. D" H8 A$ H) Q/ j+ A6 v) }(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of' R% T: w/ J5 c! i" i
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).7 V' h: |# z3 @+ L# Q* X1 S
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: ]0 h+ g3 u1 X- v( R
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. |' w/ J1 z* L& g% X" ?5 ^2 e
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
& V( B% O1 h& x1 y# t% Hretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ i. Y# w+ ~0 I% b3 e- k. c' n
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset3 J. d. ?0 F) U* H+ t
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two4 |9 ~9 M$ h" Z! k. x
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a3 r8 w& K$ [1 Y8 c0 \0 ]2 x
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
. U$ c) I6 @5 f" ?( Kend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
; t! a: r( \* u+ o- kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
7 I7 B- q& C& W8 L6 U) zthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) z, U0 o. H, k! u" o- }# U
& L {# O5 `5 c( H& @4 Y
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)! w& y7 \3 U* Z' T
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
