 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The+ }0 b9 N' a$ J& g
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the, a" ^6 G& h) t; W3 _3 a6 M% P5 ~
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
& A0 _; F" }+ n' J6 L A* hand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
7 R: `$ p/ ~ f( R. f) s$ ?(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
/ A- m' j1 d. M" L7 |! L0 d' h) Cretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
: G, L6 D9 x3 A% CA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
5 r8 s$ A8 g8 T8 P6 ^; L! r[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]* i7 P& d$ X5 D) U
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
2 y3 r9 p! E+ n; M3 Z- Pretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on+ L( J! X) W2 q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
5 z% e% J/ v; W(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two7 R2 j: Z1 Z+ v
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a" M6 C7 }6 _. B9 J5 e
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e., Z' e2 `. S8 v4 l
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In, _2 {" f+ B% t4 B2 y2 M- U& f
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
+ Y7 \# I) S' ~ d8 J. ]1 l/ Cthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) Q9 X" X& i3 f( ?4 l
9 J& k5 a' o( `3 u0 d1 b(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): H5 P9 L- H& E, [& S
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
