 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
! N. o( T+ v- |7 [. [) uInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the: O5 h$ f: s& S8 y; Q3 \0 T
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,, R" }2 |0 W; ~5 H. ]/ V1 X
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial+ m& |* I/ z! f5 {3 ^8 w4 V" r
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, u5 R/ [3 F' f( E" X5 E5 bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
, p" O" G Q7 i2 L0 n; OA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- q* M S) `6 k2 A/ a- B/ t
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] Q& ]; D7 _5 b: d F
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving d7 W9 N# z ]( E
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* C* e0 e2 P4 C* X1 L- O( m$ Npossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset& P; w2 F! c- z- Z3 s
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
$ I5 R% O# F' \& U/ |& Psegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a, i& ]4 j! k8 R( Q$ g6 j% p/ F, ^, Z
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
; i0 [3 ]# Z: J: p0 v! `end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
# s6 w; K! }1 M$ Mcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
9 ^' m3 c W; V6 w+ l% dthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
* P! J5 x8 C- [3 l9 ^, m0 A; u/ d f6 q! `, X5 [6 p/ d, [
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
+ I/ c$ g' ?% a& x+ T2 s3 Zand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
