 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The7 _- L" J6 t: K9 H5 {, s
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
$ D4 z/ s! y3 n% w' I1 C, asyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,7 @: F) y2 \$ J; z( @. U4 i
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial' ]4 W* U" s/ Z5 M
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. h# @$ V3 g- L! Eretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 Y! n( Z b* |1 @A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
9 i3 T q% ^, a7 Z+ S# k3 l8 c1 K[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]1 f* t* S( ?8 p* {! _% A" w. n' D" v
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving- H& v9 v" r& A) \* C
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on1 Z2 _) g6 o4 E% h
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
& l3 N& j# l, c2 q/ A) U(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two& R6 K4 [, |- x# h
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
) H( f9 V; R+ E3 c1 V/ P! T* W$ Vsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.& L5 j& k% @0 _: G3 a6 H
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
3 J" Y1 a3 x9 E* g0 L+ ^compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,! K" I0 w P& u' b" O: f3 \
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
; W ]& c2 }6 t0 x/ p2 y" D ]
& E6 H$ I! j! v(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)+ p9 Y. N( u. N3 @/ ^
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
