 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 k* M4 w' d/ J' C& S/ k- ~% [Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
- v' ^8 F- z0 j9 o' Msyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 h$ {' `5 j. `! P9 ^( `and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial6 T/ L& P0 d3 z$ y, i
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
2 f) G' }' f& e1 bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
; d; H; ?8 H b) X/ A' r1 RA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
$ t, Y* u" `7 a/ E. P8 E[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]. I0 a7 p- z8 D& ]
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! Z) [, B- E- _9 d- vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on$ Z# [' ?0 E' h) X* R- I" r( S: H6 y) n
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset, @( t0 c6 X z% u
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two; a" ^: [( s2 \- ?$ ?. ~5 ~9 c7 m
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a3 s G& t2 l. a. n, S
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.9 ^: M& a' e* I$ U7 p. H+ A& O
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
$ P. b. C, Q7 I( acompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 q0 C5 ^4 z" G5 G& {: h
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
3 Z. U# Q& W6 O
$ u4 E" O/ d" G+ a- U" y# T/ P(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
@8 O: o) p: Q$ r; P% y2 }and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
