 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The; A1 [/ ?0 b& @: Q" j/ K
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
* I/ g. v4 |4 r2 H3 {$ [; J1 Osyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
4 `' G- \) t3 M0 kand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
5 ^8 e2 {' s3 Y s- Z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. V# m, q4 o8 G. Dretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
5 ]7 w; x6 k9 {( iA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=8 d) C% r( p& ?+ T, r3 X O2 [7 ]
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]' v. w5 G% I& |( @3 \2 D
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 _, c; c4 ]. Kretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on" [0 X( |% |; D/ j; ?7 O6 a! e) N: q
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset0 e6 Q* \* o$ ~- K
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: ~* {( T3 u/ ]* X. Q
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a. T$ A$ [% d. d2 z: @0 Y
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! z g& |" u7 C- {3 Nend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In8 @ l( J2 u A' d' d+ {: `: Q
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
& x" Q$ K% u: M0 t2 o# N9 lthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
! v. U+ i' z$ V' Q
+ z3 C/ @* U0 H+ |8 u(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
: y) y3 ?" O8 F9 M: S' q- dand American speakers of English, |
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