 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
! s/ H) v, o5 e; ]1 D4 f& Y; j3 _Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the7 A8 E. e$ c+ R' [- E/ L
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
9 x( S0 C3 g6 j, i4 X @+ jand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
% T9 ]( l' q! v(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of- P% H% u a _7 O! E' J) d
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).% J3 {4 W- i( n- g- r2 p2 U, ^) p
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=7 a2 K+ e$ V& R4 L
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]% X! j4 @8 z! j+ d$ I( w/ _
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 T7 g4 C7 | A" y8 aretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
3 c q6 K2 v& [5 {2 `& Apossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset) z7 Y) v- A9 K/ S6 \1 l
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# r( h- F5 S1 U, }+ m4 ?segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
$ b* D+ W; @+ e- L' m1 Q; E) tsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e./ p4 z8 r4 F& u
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
+ \3 g: }% H8 |: bcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
/ X1 C3 Z3 D2 @. p) i1 ~* bthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
# `9 R, I3 i7 b6 y6 a
4 f {; M- U3 p1 R3 {9 U% ^(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch) {% Y/ {% v- |( p, }& N/ t
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
