 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
- S& m; O: N: h5 XInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
) h s3 n# J5 I) B8 Isyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 [& d/ _6 [2 @! Y4 y6 {4 ?and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial' A! F# G8 `# M7 h( E
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
( Z1 H" Z8 U/ F" E! z' Xretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
' T/ T. M3 D" I, p0 z+ lA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=; h. r' B& P6 ^6 o, ~9 c
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 c! a6 ~& ~- @9 c- n: M+ i' O(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving1 v- B) O. ]. n! s+ O1 g
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on& P2 c; n- J6 ~. ?, m& h1 D
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
6 J3 X7 @- n a" I(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two5 [/ }' h9 H6 f; Q, @& v
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! I8 P+ v/ _* c* r& A2 _
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
. W) Z; y% X% Bend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
* R8 O- z0 F, q& Z5 Z' ?/ Bcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,9 O! g# b( `7 G8 M% V) G
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) v& o* L6 ?; c4 G: b
+ }8 n0 x; N G$ G3 N
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
! `) [& y2 x- G, qand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
