 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
2 y9 A$ C: X5 }' c; SInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% L& X: p" o# V; K5 z5 j
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
3 U$ a) t) t0 k; Q. k( J5 S. land uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial& k ^9 g0 C) s, ^) S# R
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
8 R% f5 `5 C- ~# lretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
* |! F6 O) u" m& d2 `: NA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
9 S# T: O x$ U" h[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]8 B' ~# @0 h* A# ^! w! H3 \
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
7 x/ @6 t. C8 H! k+ o/ @retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 E9 m" S h8 z! c- N7 `" G
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
% }- h# k( _* G7 |* _(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
# q8 O, C+ m- M8 f3 o0 qsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a1 }; I7 w" |8 d: v
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
0 z0 ^, }( t& n8 o5 g5 [/ U* v6 Tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
' t) c8 J" O5 {) Jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
# l0 K f4 U: s1 {the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
: f+ E' u8 J+ b" M g
3 j0 U. U' ^# T a0 ~(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)- S1 ^- H G3 w
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
