 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The+ j3 y: z% @! \
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& o {" e! c7 {) `" z) f
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
, `8 k4 v, a1 e4 gand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
) G5 A2 U, e* j7 \(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of3 _) G0 y/ E/ r1 {
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
: |' E7 U, r# K+ h# N+ c( m. h b; oA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=5 u( n- y! l" ]) O! `9 U
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
( ^" G0 s, o0 [& j9 I(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
, ]% L F% `- j1 Bretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on( `9 T. l I+ u# `
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset1 H9 v0 j% l" n6 M: U; H2 k
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two) C- y9 Y4 s8 a, N8 E' {3 B' }
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a4 ?+ u8 Z( H2 m& `* h5 d
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
6 r0 M+ g$ ]/ j2 M& tend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In7 N5 D' P7 F) P z+ _; W" c
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
3 ~4 b4 K: I4 Z/ jthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla... p" `/ `" ?' i- |
# ?1 ^5 ~* b% G# b
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
. E n: S! Q) ?( a% |' {# s6 Hand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
