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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 9 j. A' x$ ^, M2 ]
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688: z" x& t- H# U
, [ X2 P- e) q8 @6 I# D. XJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China* d( ?0 I7 c1 X& F/ W$ Z! X0 X
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
! J4 a; g* Y6 R% dFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China." \. u8 m+ L8 t2 j
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
0 |0 ^+ O4 e/ ^" WFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .6 r' o/ w y1 [8 g L9 L
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018% p% U3 e# W7 O2 R) S. y* _" _
Published online 26 January 2018; N( m) U4 n) I) M6 j4 s3 i% a" T
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Abstract1 `8 j- ^7 f$ J# J; ]. A7 J+ h
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing/ i! c6 Q3 m; h: Q A- z7 v5 H
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The. M' G$ W+ O7 e% T' z- C
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
2 G( D: j$ D0 [2 @: eengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not, _) O; H! q! D% D7 f' G
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
8 n0 d0 y/ x& @" L; Yworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
: R& j4 u5 p/ W" I5 {2 i3 ato the standardization of the scientific terminology
# K" }/ ~: E7 S( F! |( S: G' ^& wtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s2 a3 v; J% W8 E
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,& s0 K) |4 g! y6 {% p
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the) b/ a4 |$ f" s' ^' K
standardization of the scientific terminology translation i; d+ {$ D' ?0 g8 |: \4 U9 `
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien9 E: p. E: z, S2 }6 h7 ~1 F+ N7 c
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
, a/ d m! L* Mof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
1 T0 j" J# Q5 n6 n( }) h* V5 D1 B Ethe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way' g6 n2 P3 w3 _ |7 Q; \! j
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and6 [5 u0 W0 I0 U" s) Z: S
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a6 a$ i$ a- @ p8 {
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
7 q- a" K7 a' kterminology.
' u) }! ^# i. l+ [& d }3 iKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
) t: K9 a$ B# k& Q1 X+ NStandardization of terminology translation
0 x' X- A( [( e4 X6 UYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
6 ?% @7 n% X' _+ SStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern$ z/ U# n& _+ l5 {$ {) ` L! X
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available5 l4 ^7 `& X' [/ [% s' N4 v
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213' p$ M; z0 p7 ^9 w( w& c/ H$ s
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102136 Q) m8 T- }3 h7 j. y- b2 R
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INTRODUCTION
+ n# t) N3 ~' OJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and, G8 q8 Y0 e5 J* P: A
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).! N; x% L8 n2 s! H' X! Y
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
F) H; U1 x! o( c- h3 U; h. j$ @8 VHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of1 ^) \$ x" @% y* Y, N9 N g0 l: W
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
+ l& ?& L, D% a3 \9 m' t Iby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
* w4 [, R: v/ }4 h5 van editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
; S+ Z# g- Q" [9 w: |& h( k" t( Khis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-5 |, x3 Y3 M+ o, R7 H$ j
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific. a" Y/ n0 c- m) w
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
3 x9 j$ ^1 Q/ V: r. g: DFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
; R9 f( B$ j& lNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
' n! Y7 z3 ~' H4 ?1 R+ h J/ dto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant$ z6 i6 Z4 P3 |
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
# X. l* i. [; A0 H- hrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,; n+ y3 |3 A/ @# F3 b8 W: W
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western$ y$ t9 K" B) p0 ^5 C
books that made him the most productive one among the
, [& i, p2 s/ E) N* kforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
3 f4 y' N+ N: n4 `translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
. E6 G% A& T" ^/ v8 O( bnoble work which could help accelerate the process of" d. i a4 X) _+ r8 H0 {
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)." x# p" \2 D' L* g6 s' q
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer1 |9 q* l; D7 z/ _3 R( Z0 z9 t* N$ o
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
" `4 P5 ?, B9 {5 E) R% Sscience and the standardization of translated scientific
3 x4 {2 J1 ~; {1 I' F! d1 O; N- pterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific; f% m( Y7 T& u5 B# U
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
& x( f8 L7 i+ sestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
$ r- W9 }; J) Qcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
( v' M% K5 c, D- u1 oof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in @: v6 `+ V$ w: p9 b! x8 l( H
Modern China.6 c) h% ^) W3 B0 `; z
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published4 n! t' ~& V. c/ V; L
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
; }, ?% v1 D) K0 Ztravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
5 G5 n7 y4 c+ e c# _a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In) A1 {) x" M* z0 {
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and; ]6 o6 C" q$ N- }0 X1 m Q0 K
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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