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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 3 _% V& o3 G9 n! y2 U
6 y0 N* J) G5 D0 Zhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
# S4 o2 Q$ i' B4 ~% s- t1 N! mYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* o( u5 u, s6 M: `$ A1 NFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
( O' c2 r) B- Z8 y. `1 b0 e2 E3 T( [
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of3 L! }. a" U8 K# \
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ., L0 |8 \0 w7 Q' e0 z
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
+ s( h) E6 x4 Y4 t/ ]) APublished online 26 January 2018: e* E" v' j" D5 C% E/ t
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$ [& Q D: I% h$ ]* zAbstract8 F% z. C% P0 k I$ F
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
4 e7 O. V/ y3 {6 C8 r* s1 DDynasty who came to China and was employed by The! T; r' x, r$ {) K
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been, M! u; _; i' M3 {+ A1 {9 a! Z
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 ? X& z- ~$ B8 r' _: X; Conly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
1 x1 T O3 x5 l; c! I; T0 p5 ]+ ~works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly6 j3 d9 t& r7 p
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
# m& d6 ^6 m) p/ j' r+ Z6 otranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s4 W: [$ g, X. d7 H1 |2 |
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,) H: v6 H+ B2 @2 l* {
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
5 P% B: k$ n3 y+ [% E, R% istandardization of the scientific terminology translation
4 |' y& H. V) e7 [/ |, c1 Q# tin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien2 {6 c e2 Z9 }" I9 T
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
- Y* @9 O4 [0 x& H. _. g" ~8 nof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
3 `- O f) P0 R! E( Z2 ^the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
3 O- G: P8 b* `1 c: B; Yfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and0 R- b! u1 i/ y) U* y4 }: x" \! J( A
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a( O# y; ~* @$ g# s/ \# I5 E$ c0 `' x
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific1 x% ~7 y! Y5 q' q1 Z
terminology.% O9 h: @7 K Y: U% t
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
' r9 w0 M# x" o G3 d4 \7 xStandardization of terminology translation. t- y W5 @. B0 Y" w k
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to* h# g% Y! ?: \ B- {3 `: R
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern6 k! r3 W' ]) D. k F! T( \
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available. \: l, ?+ x" ~" G
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
& f- U9 p3 r9 f$ D, `DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213# L* Z5 l( C9 T% [0 W2 V
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- e5 D7 A i* m5 P6 HINTRODUCTION3 x W3 V, _; o9 U4 Q" G
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
! d6 p: S4 `# M5 o) ea great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ l9 N" N" V) V' n4 Y' F4 vDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
" K- G5 f8 x! vHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
R7 g0 L4 J. ?- v0 rSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed: Q8 m; e, b! n* Y+ {' w
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as5 Y/ Y' E) o# `+ y: ^ q/ |. k
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
6 L) n2 o3 z( f& p, m- This job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
j+ e6 _5 `: ^$ X8 w$ S# y1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
% b* F( Z8 i; ~" ~. Nworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
0 F7 v6 z4 j1 }2 @Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.' F' P% N. e. c! Q. Z/ k2 ]: }
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated2 p! a/ @% P* C6 A+ p4 T
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
# E! v( u9 X1 m Lwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,+ q* P" D8 o1 k& S1 \' A4 b6 |8 @
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
/ e( i& Q! g3 ?* B" E. m9 ?Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western/ ?" R2 h+ F; H- s
books that made him the most productive one among the
; A4 E: ~( w9 C b3 B. U3 d" u6 vforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
# e. x% z z1 C. L: N2 A# i" k/ otranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
1 Z$ d2 H, e- G5 s0 _/ Q( gnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
- S) ^$ T4 Z% }+ c9 Mpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
$ d# l# N2 r8 m+ x# cIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer) O2 t; ~! w- g7 V% W, V: b6 s1 y
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
6 A |" ?0 v' j' o) Dscience and the standardization of translated scientific8 s( F- u' g6 @5 w4 n
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
* B7 G! @1 A' Umagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
p# Y8 |; M j, o% Vestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another1 g) x$ M! }, u! M
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series* q3 i2 C) i" \5 ~5 y
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in' C% [- L6 F; |* E9 D/ F2 ^
Modern China.
1 T* ?. v' A% J9 @7 j: E/ E; E3 kAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
% B; i, @9 [& @5 |! Y/ j9 y- m# IThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) K9 @2 v* k- Qtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing* s7 }7 }5 D( E9 M
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In: w: k, d) v1 x
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
# X8 u1 f3 m Y7 k- T/ @# s4 UTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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