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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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. T. k( ^% i3 W! V2 Phttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688- h# ]; U& `' Q2 X; S" r- Q! L
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
2 @* H2 Q# n( \) f) f! }YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
+ @1 Z, ~' H2 M& O. MFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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O4 e$ [7 S/ y/ G |9 K' i: pLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; d: {: l/ p- E% W) NFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
9 b1 O4 {9 B. \/ T- d5 vReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018* l6 M' q4 ^" Q( y; t) X
Published online 26 January 2018' e0 Z$ ^4 F, s1 ? L0 i- s
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Abstract
" j. u( {. N( ^- g3 u( }( y: cJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing9 ?/ v% Z1 p, }* Q3 p# z
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The5 n8 n/ G" @0 [0 M9 I) A
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
0 }) W8 t7 c7 [; J4 X3 i# a' h/ o0 fengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
0 K6 x& A" w! c N: X; a& Bonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific `3 O: X0 A3 X. P
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
: x. a) n5 S1 @3 \! dto the standardization of the scientific terminology
# \8 Z: w: Z0 X6 g0 X/ w0 v' O p" Etranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
5 J* v# k4 q0 h4 k- p+ i$ g; mscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,; W6 g# Z& V. \$ A$ C+ a
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
! k1 g6 j) V7 o7 `standardization of the scientific terminology translation
# I. O! D0 p- Din Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien+ i3 j) }! S! u' D. u6 K
he established had helped greatly with the popularization) S" V; F; {4 W
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring% `( b" v, I8 c4 b5 R0 M
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way7 _9 _. L; k6 }/ _
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and6 I9 {) J/ @/ P" G
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a/ }2 J2 u/ b+ u! }7 Q- b- ^5 j1 `
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
5 s& x9 }6 l* Y/ e# o3 hterminology.
$ h) C. ^; i: \+ H) }! ^8 m* TKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
% h# ^9 v( U! S' WStandardization of terminology translation0 B$ t1 b. l* F" }$ l2 W
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to2 h( B5 x6 |% L3 r
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern6 x' _$ \& h8 y! I
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
- Q6 U0 Z- A1 y! @$ j. gfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ Z' ?+ s+ I' m' D' g2 M) K
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213' U; a- I* H. ^# x
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INTRODUCTION
1 l" k+ h1 |8 I/ l) T9 {2 SJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
* m9 _8 o& ]* B- W, _; [4 T7 Z3 ^a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
) S6 l8 e* Z6 D! `Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to* ^ e: y" y# T6 B6 y
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
$ D! G& I+ Q$ {# j1 ]St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed- P6 R4 _9 G; O, A1 y x3 i
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
1 c& g$ O& ^3 M. k4 m3 G; p. a" wan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on# B( ?, _" m3 s: p( m$ f& F( `
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
& c2 Q4 a+ D; h+ D# @1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
! w, B6 s: q% [" l$ O# H/ H! w) lworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
; o7 ]0 Q6 i6 B& t3 @2 DFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
4 ]2 L6 G& y- K4 k9 f# [Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated. a1 C1 e) c& X: k- J
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant( V) @7 w# P. B* q
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 l. \6 v9 H8 g8 {- O. ?; \2 Q% e
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,7 V3 u% N: G; i8 G
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western6 z* u" Y7 F) p# R
books that made him the most productive one among the5 p" N2 w2 H9 W1 e" G
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,3 |6 b8 j- b1 F
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a" V: N1 }1 `% I
noble work which could help accelerate the process of. q, `& h9 P! u
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
0 L% a4 D5 Y' l& zIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
7 n3 `: T: o6 f$ H: w6 ?/ malso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western4 U8 x- y7 i; `9 A8 \. a
science and the standardization of translated scientific' i8 t6 ~% w7 b0 V6 Z
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific( G6 o" ~. S! Y t5 ~4 L/ U
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
: T- }" z" B0 `1 F. c t; E1 [" Destablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
, W+ U) E* j U8 e2 }contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
" \0 H" M1 F4 z8 ]3 S9 w+ @of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
, w* K1 K* }7 K' d3 a5 VModern China.# x* ~, W; f6 g( s. Q3 P
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
' `# J- V1 r- n2 J/ M0 V1 U1 fThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
% f5 |( n3 W( X+ wtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing, K" G9 P1 a) z8 W
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
: R# U% D; r/ g4 W6 @John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and7 V/ X" q6 m5 {6 P2 V7 |
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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